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Title: Water Table Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in a Shallow, Variably-Saturated Floodplain

Journal Article · · Environmental Science and Technology
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [3];  [3]; ORCiD logo [3];  [5];  [1];  [3]
  1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
  2. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
  4. Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
  5. Subsurface Insights, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States

Three-dimensional variably saturated flow and multicomponent biogeochemical reactive transport modeling, based on published and newly generated data, is used to better understand the interplay of hydrology, geochemistry, and biology controlling the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, iron, sulfur, and uranium in a shallow floodplain. In this system, aerobic respiration generally maintains anoxic groundwater below an oxic vadose zone until seasonal snowmelt-driven water table peaking transports dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate from the vadose zone into the alluvial aquifer. The response to this perturbation is localized due to distinct physico-biogeochemical environments and relatively long time scales for transport through the floodplain aquifer and vadose zone. Naturally reduced zones (NRZs) containing sediments higher in organic matter, iron sulfides, and non-crystalline U(IV) rapidly consume DO and nitrate to maintain anoxic conditions, yielding Fe(II) from FeS oxidative dissolution, nitrite from denitrification, and U(VI) from nitrite-promoted U(IV) oxidation. Redox cycling is a key factor for sustaining the observed aquifer behaviors despite continuous oxygen influx and the annual hydrologically induced oxidation event. Furthermore, depth-dependent activity of fermenters, aerobes, nitrate reducers, sulfate reducers, and chemolithoautotrophs (e.g., oxidizing Fe(II), S compounds, and ammonium) is linked to the presence of DO, which has higher concentrations near the water table.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1345843
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1351621; OSTI ID: 1352546; OSTI ID: 1458487; OSTI ID: 1770164
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-121243
Journal Information:
Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Name: Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 51 Journal Issue: 6; ISSN 0013-936X
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 75 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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