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Title: Transporters involved in pH and K+ homeostasis affect pollen wall formation, male fertility, and embryo development

Journal Article · · Journal of Experimental Botany
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw483· OSTI ID:1351083
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [3];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  2. Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
  3. Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
  4. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Burapha Univ., Chon-Buri (Thailand)

Flowering plant genomes encode multiple cation/H+ exchangers (CHXs) whose functions are largely unknown. AtCHX17, AtCHX18, and AtCHX19 are membrane transporters that modulate K+ and pH homeostasis and are localized in the dynamic endomembrane system. Loss of function reduced seed set, but the particular phase(s) of reproduction affected was not determined. Pollen tube growth and ovule targeting of chx17chx18chx19 mutant pollen appeared normal, but reciprocal cross experiments indicate a largely male defect. Although triple mutant pollen tubes reach ovules of a wild-type pistil and a synergid cell degenerated, half of those ovules were unfertilized or showed fertilization of the egg or central cell, but not both female gametes. Fertility could be partially compromised by impaired pollen tube and/or sperm function as CHX19 and CHX18 are expressed in the pollen tube and sperm cell, respectively. When fertilization was successful in self-pollinated mutants, early embryo formation was retarded compared with embryos from wild-type ovules receiving mutant pollen. Thus CHX17 and CHX18 proteins may promote embryo development possibly through the endosperm where these genes are expressed. The reticulate pattern of the pollen wall was disorganized in triple mutants, indicating perturbation of wall formation during male gametophyte development. Lastly, as pH and cation homeostasis mediated by AtCHX17 affect membrane trafficking and cargo delivery, these results suggest that male fertility, sperm function, and embryo development are dependent on proper cargo sorting and secretion that remodel cell walls, plasma membranes, and extracellular factors.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Contributing Organization:
University of Maryland
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-07ER15883
OSTI ID:
1351083
Journal Information:
Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 68, Issue 12; ISSN 0022-0957
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 22 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (5)

Unique features of the grapevine VvK5.1 channel support novel functions for outward K+ channels in plants journal July 2019
Adaptation of Plants to Salt Stress: Characterization of Na+ and K+ Transporters and Role of CBL Gene Family in Regulating Salt Stress Response journal October 2019
Low concentration of corn steep liquor promotes seed germination, plant growth, biomass production and flowering in soybean journal October 2018
Plant membranes and border control journal June 2017
Assembling the thickest plant cell wall: exine development in Echinops (Asteraceae, Cynareae) journal May 2018