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Tracking metal ions through a Cu/Ag efflux pump assigns the functional roles of the periplasmic proteins

Journal Article · · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [1]
  1. Oregon Health and Science Univ., Portland, OR (United States)
  2. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Copper is an essential nutrient for all aerobic organisms but is toxic in excess. At the host–pathogen interface, macrophages respond to bacterial infection by copper-dependent killing mechanisms, whereas the invading bacteria are thought to counter with an up-regulation of copper transporters and efflux pumps. The tripartite efflux pump CusCBA and its metallochaperone CusF are vital to the detoxification of copper and silver ions in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. However, the mechanism of efflux by this complex, which requires the activation of the inner membrane pump CusA, is poorly understood. In this paper, we use selenomethionine (SeM) active site labels in a series of biological X-ray absorption studies at the selenium, copper, and silver edges to establish a “switch” role for the membrane fusion protein CusB. We determine that metal-bound CusB is required for activation of cuprous ion transfer from CusF directly to a site in the CusA antiporter, showing for the first time (to our knowledge) the in vitro activation of the Cus efflux pump. This metal-binding site of CusA is unlike that observed in the crystal structures of the CusA protein and is composed of one oxygen and two sulfur ligands. Finally, our results suggest that metal transfer occurs between CusF and apo-CusB, and that, when metal-loaded, CusB plays a role in the regulation of metal ion transfer from CusF to CusA in the periplasm.

Research Organization:
Oregon Health and Science Univ., Portland, OR (United States); Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23); National Inst. of Health (NIH) (United States); National Science Foundation (NSF) (United States)
OSTI ID:
1349641
Journal Information:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 43 Vol. 111; ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Copper Transport and Trafficking at the Host–Bacterial Pathogen Interface journal October 2014
Trapping intermediates in metal transfer reactions of the CusCBAF export pump of Escherichia coli journal November 2018
Crystal structures of AztD provide mechanistic insights into direct zinc transfer between proteins journal August 2019
Exploring the role of the various methionine residues in the Escherichia coli CusB adapter protein journal June 2019
Architecture and roles of periplasmic adaptor proteins in tripartite efflux assemblies journal May 2015
The ins and outs of RND efflux pumps in Escherichia coli journal June 2015
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Proactive Approach for Safe Use of Antimicrobial Coatings in Healthcare Settings: Opinion of the COST Action Network AMiCI journal March 2017
Similarities and Differences between Silver Ions and Silver in Nanoforms as Antibacterial Agents journal February 2018
Copper tolerance and virulence in bacteria journal January 2015
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Transcriptional profiling of Klebsiella pneumoniae defines signatures for planktonic, sessile and biofilm-dispersed cells journal March 2016
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