Sintering of Pt nanoparticles via volatile PtO2: Simulation and comparison with experiments

Plessow, Philipp N.; Abild-Pedersen, Frank

doi:10.1021/acscatal.6b01646

Sintering of Pt nanoparticles via volatile PtO₂: Simulation and comparison with experiments

Journal Article · Fri Sep 23 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · ACS Catalysis

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b01646· OSTI ID:1349298

Plessow, Philipp N. ^[1]; Abild-Pedersen, Frank ^[2]

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT), Leopoldshafen (Germany)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

It is a longstanding question whether sintering of platinum under oxidizing conditions is mediated by surface migration of Pt species or through the gas phase, by PtO₂(g). Clearly, a rational approach to avoid sintering requires understanding the underlying mechanism. A basic theory for the simulation of ripening through the vapor phase has been derived by Wynblatt and Gjostein. Recent modeling efforts, however, have focused entirely on surface-mediated ripening. In this work, we explicitly model ripening through PtO₂(g) and study how oxygen pressure, temperature, and shape of the particle size distribution affect sintering. On the basis of the available data on α-quartz, adsorption of monomeric Pt species on the support is extremely weak and has therefore not been explicitly simulated, while this may be important for more strongly interacting supports. Our simulations clearly show that ripening through the gas phase is predicted to be relevant. Assuming clean Pt particles, sintering is generally overestimated. This can be remedied by explicitly including oxygen coverage effects that lower both surface free energies and the sticking coefficient of PtO₂(g). Additionally, mass-transport limitations in the gas phase may play a role. Using a parameterization that accounts for these effects, we can quantitatively reproduce a number of experiments from the literature, including pressure and temperature dependence. Lastly, this substantiates the hypothesis of ripening via PtO₂(g) as an alternative to surface-mediated ripening.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1349298

Journal Information:: ACS Catalysis, Journal Name: ACS Catalysis Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 6; ISSN 2155-5435

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (75)

Theoretische Behandlung der Erscheinungen in verdünnten Gasen Baule, B. Annalen der Physik, Vol. 349, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.19143490908	journal	January 1914
The Sintering of Supported Pd Automotive Catalysts Xu, Qing; Kharas, Karl C.; Croley, Brandon J. ChemCatChem, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201000392	journal	May 2011
Microstructure of Bimetallic PtPd Catalysts under Oxidizing Conditions Johns, Tyne R.; Gaudet, Jason R.; Peterson, Eric J. ChemCatChem, Vol. 5, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201300181	journal	July 2013
Gleichgewichtsmessungen im System Platin?Sauerstoff Gasf�rmiges Platindioxyd Sch�fer, Harald; Tebben, Alfred Zeitschrift f�r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, Vol. 304, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19603040507	journal	June 1960
A study of grain-boundary grooving at the platinum/alumina interface McLean, M.; Hondros, E. D. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00550286	journal	January 1971
Energy-adjustedab initio pseudopotentials for the second and third row transition elements Andrae, D.; H�u�ermann, U.; Dolg, M. Theoretica Chimica Acta, Vol. 77, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01114537	journal	January 1990
Optimized accurate auxiliary basis sets for RI-MP2 and RI-CC2 calculations for the atoms Rb to Rn Hellweg, Arnim; Hättig, Christof; Höfener, Sebastian Theoretical Chemistry Accounts, Vol. 117, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00214-007-0250-5	journal	January 2007
The Contribution of Alumina Phase Transformations to the Sintering of Pd Automotive Catalysts Xu, Qing; Kharas, Karl C.; Croley, Brandon J. Topics in Catalysis, Vol. 55, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-012-9770-x	journal	February 2012
Towards the Understanding of Sintering Phenomena at the Nanoscale: Geometric and Environmental Effects Behafarid, F.; Roldan Cuenya, B. Topics in Catalysis, Vol. 56, Issue 15-17 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-013-0149-4	journal	August 2013
Coverage-Dependent Adsorption at a Low Symmetry Surface: DFT and Statistical Analysis of Oxygen Chemistry on Kinked Pt(321) Bray, J. M.; Smith, J. L.; Schneider, W. F. Topics in Catalysis, Vol. 57, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-013-0165-4	journal	November 2013
Simulating Temperature Programmed Desorption of Oxygen on Pt(111) Using DFT Derived Coverage Dependent Desorption Barriers Miller, Spencer D.; Pushkarev, Vladimir V.; Gellman, Andrew J. Topics in Catalysis, Vol. 57, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-013-0166-3	journal	October 2013
Particle growth in model supported metal catalysts—I. Theory Wynblatt, P.; Gjostein, N. A. Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 24, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(76)90034-1	journal	December 1976
Particle growth in model supported metal catalysts—II. Comparison of experiment with theory Wynblatt, P. Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 24, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(76)90035-3	journal	December 1976
An EELS and TDS study of molecular oxygen desorption and decomposition on Pt(111) Avery, Neil R. Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(83)80692-7	journal	April 1983
Surface free energies of solid metals: Estimation from liquid surface tension measurements Tyson, W. R.; Miller, W. A. Surface Science, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(77)90442-3	journal	January 1977
Molecular and atomic adsorption of oxygen on the Pt(111) and Pt(S)-12(111) × (111) surfaces Gland, John L. Surface Science, Vol. 93, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(80)90278-2	journal	March 1980
A molecular beam study of the adsorption and desorption of oxygen from a Pt(111) surface Campbell, C. T.; Ertl, G.; Kuipers, H. Surface Science, Vol. 107, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(81)90622-1	journal	May 1981
Molecular and atomic oxygen adsorption on the kinked Pt(321) surface McClellan, Michael R.; McFeely, F. Read; Gland, John L. Surface Science, Vol. 124, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(83)90344-8	journal	January 1983
Kinetics and energetics of oxygen adsorption on Pt(111) and Pt(112)- A comparison of flat and stepped surfaces Winkler, A.; Guo, X.; Siddiqui, H. R. Surface Science, Vol. 201, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(88)90495-5	journal	July 1988
Study of high coverages of atomic oxygen on the Pt(111) surface Parker, Deborah Holmes; Bartram, Michael E.; Koel, Bruce E. Surface Science, Vol. 217, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(89)90443-3	journal	July 1989
New diagnostics for coupled-cluster and Møller–Plesset perturbation theory Janssen, Curtis L.; Nielsen, Ida M. B. Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 290, Issue 4-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00504-1	journal	July 1998
RI-MP2: optimized auxiliary basis sets and demonstration of efficiency Weigend, Florian; Häser, Marco; Patzelt, Holger Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 294, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00862-8	journal	September 1998
Automotive exhaust catalysis Gandhi, H. S.; Graham, G. W.; McCabe, R. W. Journal of Catalysis, Vol. 216, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9517(02)00067-2	journal	May 2003
The surface energy of metals Vitos, L.; Ruban, A. V.; Skriver, H. L. Surface Science, Vol. 411, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00363-X	journal	August 1998
Particle size distributions in heterogeneous catalysts: What do they tell us about the sintering mechanism? Datye, Abhaya K.; Xu, Qing; Kharas, Karl C. Catalysis Today, Vol. 111, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.10.013	journal	January 2006
Ostwald ripening in a Pt/SiO2 model catalyst studied by in situ TEM Simonsen, Søren Bredmose; Chorkendorff, Ib; Dahl, Søren Journal of Catalysis, Vol. 281, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2011.04.011	journal	July 2011
Relating adatom emission to improved durability of Pt–Pd diesel oxidation catalysts Johns, Tyne R.; Goeke, Ronald S.; Ashbacher, Valerie Journal of Catalysis, Vol. 328 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.016	journal	August 2015
Microcalorimetry of O2 and NO on flat and stepped platinum surfaces Fiorin, Vittorio; Borthwick, David; King, David A. Surface Science, Vol. 603, Issue 10-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2008.08.034	journal	June 2009
Adsorption and diffusion of a single Pt atom on γ-Al2O3 surfaces Aaron Deskins, N.; Mei, Donghai; Dupuis, Michel Surface Science, Vol. 603, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2009.07.021	journal	September 2009
Synthesis and catalytic properties of metal nanoparticles: Size, shape, support, composition, and oxidation state effects Cuenya, Beatriz Roldan Thin Solid Films, Vol. 518, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.01.018	journal	April 2010
How Well Does Pt(211) Represent Pt[ n (111) × (100)] Surfaces in Adsorption/Desorption? Badan, Cansin; Koper, Marc T. M.; Juurlink, L. B. F. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 119, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b00404	journal	June 2015
Modeling the Interface of Platinum and α-Quartz(001): Implications for Sintering Plessow, Philipp N.; Sánchez-Carrera, Roel S.; Li, Lin The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 120, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01403	journal	May 2016
Sintering of Catalytic Nanoparticles: Particle Migration or Ostwald Ripening? Hansen, Thomas W.; DeLaRiva, Andrew T.; Challa, Sivakumar R. Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 46, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar3002427	journal	April 2013
Real Time Indirect Nanoplasmonic in Situ Spectroscopy of Catalyst Nanoparticle Sintering Larsson, Elin M.; Millet, Julien; Gustafsson, Stefan ACS Catalysis, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/cs200583u	journal	January 2012
In Situ Plasmonic Sensing of Platinum Model Catalyst Sintering on Different Oxide Supports and in O ₂ and NO ₂ Atmospheres with Different Concentrations Tabib Zadeh Adibi, Pooya; Mazzotta, Francesco; Antosiewicz, Tomasz J. ACS Catalysis, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/cs5015173	journal	November 2014
Multireference Character for 3d Transition-Metal-Containing Molecules Jiang, Wanyi; DeYonker, Nathan J.; Wilson, Angela K. Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/ct2006852	journal	January 2012
Relating Rates of Catalyst Sintering to the Disappearance of Individual Nanoparticles during Ostwald Ripening Challa, Sivakumar R.; Delariva, Andrew T.; Hansen, Thomas W. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja208324n	journal	December 2011
Direct Observations of Oxygen-induced Platinum Nanoparticle Ripening Studied by In Situ TEM Simonsen, Søren B.; Chorkendorff, Ib; Dahl, Søren Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 132, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja910094r	journal	June 2010
Adsorption of Al, O, Hf, Y, Pt, and S Atoms on α-Al ₂ O ₃ (0001) Hinnemann, Berit; Carter, Emily A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 111, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp068869c	journal	May 2007
Oxygen Chemisorption, Formation, and Thermal Stability of Pt Oxides on Pt Nanoparticles Supported on SiO ₂ /Si(001): Size Effects Ono, Luis K.; Croy, Jason R.; Heinrich, Helge The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp204743q	journal	August 2011
Effect of Particle Morphology on the Ripening of Supported Pt Nanoparticles Simonsen, Søren B.; Chorkendorff, Ib; Dahl, Søren The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 116, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2098262	journal	February 2012
In Situ Oxidation Study of Pt Nanoparticles on MgO(001) Hejral, Uta; Vlad, Alina; Nolte, Philipp The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 117, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp404698k	journal	September 2013
Transient Bimodal Particle Size Distributions during Pt Sintering on Alumina and Silica Tabib Zadeh Adibi, Pooya; Zhdanov, Vladimir P.; Langhammer, Christoph The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 119, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp506586g	journal	January 2015
Investigation of Catalytic Finite-Size-Effects of Platinum Metal Clusters Li, Lin; Larsen, Ask H.; Romero, Nichols A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz3018286	journal	December 2012
Trapping of Mobile Pt Species by PdO Nanoparticles under Oxidizing Conditions Carrillo, Cristihan; Johns, Tyne R.; Xiong, Haifeng The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz5009483	journal	May 2014
The Definition of “Critical Radius” for a Collection of Nanoparticles Undergoing Ostwald Ripening Houk, Levi R.; Challa, Sivakumar R.; Grayson, Benjamin Langmuir, Vol. 25, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/la902263s	journal	October 2009
Stability of Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on SiO ₂ /Si(111): A High-Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study Porsgaard, Soeren; Merte, Lindsay R.; Ono, Luis K. ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn3040167	journal	November 2012
Accurate surface and adsorption energies from many-body perturbation theory Schimka, L.; Harl, J.; Stroppa, A. Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2806	journal	July 2010
Optimization of auxiliary basis sets for RI-MP2 and RI-CC2 calculations: Core–valence and quintuple-ζ basis sets for H to Ar and QZVPP basis sets for Li to Kr Hättig, Christof Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/B415208E	journal	January 2005
A detailed TPD study of H2O and pre-adsorbed O on the stepped Pt(553) surface van der Niet, Maria J. T. C.; den Dunnen, Angela; Juurlink, Ludo B. F. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 13, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/C0CP01162B	journal	January 2011
Diffusion of Al, O, Pt, Hf, and Y atoms on α-Al ₂ O ₃ (0001): implications for the role of alloying elements in thermal barrier coatings Milas, Ivan; Hinnemann, Berit; Carter, Emily A. J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM02212H	journal	January 2011
Modelling of sintering kinetics of naphtha-reforming Pt/Al ₂ O ₃ -Cl catalysts Garetto, Teresita F.; Borgna, Armando; Monzón, Antonio J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., Vol. 92, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/FT9969202637	journal	January 1996
Balanced basis sets of split valence, triple zeta valence and quadruple zeta valence quality for H to Rn: Design and assessment of accuracy Weigend, Florian; Ahlrichs, Reinhart Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 18, p. 3297-3305 https://doi.org/10.1039/b508541a	journal	January 2005
Accurate Coulomb-fitting basis sets for H to Rn Weigend, Florian Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/b515623h	journal	January 2006
Chemistry of precious metal oxides relevant to heterogeneous catalysis Kurzman, Joshua A.; Misch, Lauren M.; Seshadri, Ram Dalton Transactions, Vol. 42, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3dt51818c	journal	January 2013
Gaussian basis sets of quadruple zeta valence quality for atoms H–Kr Weigend, Florian; Furche, Filipp; Ahlrichs, Reinhart The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 119, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1627293	journal	December 2003
The sticking of O ₂ on a Pt(111) surface Luntz, A. C.; Williams, M. D.; Bethune, D. S. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 89, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454824	journal	October 1988
QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials Giannozzi, Paolo; Baroni, Stefano; Bonini, Nicola Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 21, Issue 39, Article No. 395502 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395502	journal	September 2009
Soft self-consistent pseudopotentials in a generalized eigenvalue formalism Vanderbilt, David Physical Review B, Vol. 41, Issue 11, p. 7892-7895 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.41.7892	journal	April 1990
Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation Perdew, John P.; Chevary, J. A.; Vosko, S. H. Physical Review B, Vol. 46, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.46.6671	journal	September 1992
Improved adsorption energetics within density-functional theory using revised Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof functionals Hammer, B.; Hansen, L. B.; Nørskov, J. K. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.7413	journal	March 1999
Kinetic model for sintering of supported metal particles with improved size-dependent energetics and applications to Au on TiO 2 ( 110 ) Parker, Stephen C.; Campbell, Charles T. Physical Review B, Vol. 75, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.75.035430	journal	January 2007
Assessing the quality of the random phase approximation for lattice constants and atomization energies of solids Harl, Judith; Schimka, Laurids; Kresse, Georg Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.115126	journal	March 2010
Density functionals for surface science: Exchange-correlation model development with Bayesian error estimation Wellendorff, Jess; Lundgaard, Keld T.; Møgelhøj, Andreas Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.235149	journal	June 2012
Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces Perdew, John P.; Ruzsinszky, Adrienn; Csonka, Gábor I. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.136406	journal	April 2008
Erratum: Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 , 136406 (2008)] Perdew, John P.; Ruzsinszky, Adrienn; Csonka, Gábor I. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.039902	journal	January 2009
Accurate Bulk Properties from Approximate Many-Body Techniques Harl, Judith; Kresse, Georg Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.056401	journal	July 2009
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)] Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.1396	journal	February 1997
The Effect of Size-Dependent Nanoparticle Energetics on Catalyst Sintering Campbell, C. T. Science, Vol. 298, Issue 5594 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1075094	journal	October 2002
PHYSICS: The Active Site in Nanoparticle Gold Catalysis Campbell, C. T. Science, Vol. 306, Issue 5694 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1104246	journal	October 2004
Ceria Maintains Smaller Metal Catalyst Particles by Strong Metal-Support Bonding Farmer, J. A.; Campbell, C. T. Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5994 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1191778	journal	August 2010
Thermally stable single-atom platinum-on-ceria catalysts via atom trapping Jones, J.; Xiong, H.; DeLaRiva, A. T. Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6295 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8800	journal	July 2016
Growth and structure of supported metal catalyst particles Harris, P. J. F. International Materials Reviews, Vol. 40, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1179/imr.1995.40.3.97	journal	January 1995
XXV. Zur Frage der Geschwindigkeit des Wachsthums und der Auflösung der Krystallflächen Wulff, G. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, Vol. 34, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1901.34.1.449	journal	January 1901

Cited By (5)

Understanding and Controlling the Aggregative Growth of Platinum Nanoparticles in Atomic Layer Deposition: An Avenue to Size Selection Grillo, Fabio; Van Bui, Hao; Moulijn, Jacob A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02978	journal	February 2017
From Single Atoms to Nanoparticles: Autocatalysis and Metal Aggregation in Atomic Layer Deposition of Pt on TiO 2 Nanopowder Grillo, Fabio; Van Bui, Hao; La Zara, Damiano Small, Vol. 14, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800765	journal	May 2018
Single atom detachment from Cu clusters, and diffusion and trapping on CeO ₂ (111): implications in Ostwald ripening and atomic redispersion Wan, Qiang; Wei, Fenfei; Wang, Yingqi Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr06232c	journal	January 2018
Sulfur adsorption on coinage metal(100) surfaces: propensity for metal–sulfur complex formation relative to (111) surfaces Liu, Da-Jiang; Spurgeon, Peter M.; Lee, Jiyoung Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp03449h	journal	January 2019
First-principles investigation of electrochemical dissolution of Pt nanoparticles and kinetic simulation Zhu, Jing; Hu, Sulei; Zeng, Zhenhua The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 151, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5129631	journal	December 2019

Similar Records

Sintering Mechanism of Pt/Al₂O₃ in Complex Emission Gases Elucidated via In Situ Environmental STEM

Journal Article · Tue Jun 25 20:00:00 EDT 2024 · ACS Materials Letters · OSTI ID:2394718

Site dependent reactivity of Pt single atoms on anatase TiO₂(101) in an aqueous environment

Journal Article · Sun Oct 13 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP · OSTI ID:1594492

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
BEP
DFT
adsorbates
catalysis
transition state