Nucleotide excision repair in E. coli
- Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States)
- Oregon Univ. Health Sciences Univ., Portland, OR (United States)
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a generalized repair system capable of removing a large number of DNA lesions that differ widely in their chemical structure and conformation. NER is a highly conserved process and can be described in four basic steps. Genetic insult results in conformational change in the DNA helix, which serves as a binding site for damage recognition proteins. The binding of these proteins at a damaged site serves as a scaffold for the formation of an endonuclease complex that hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond in two places near the damaged site. In E. coli, the incision sites are 7 nucleotides 5{prime} and 3 or 4 nucleotides 3{prime} to the damaged site, whereas it has been reported that in mammalian cells incisions occur approximately 27-29 nucleotides 5{prime} and 5 nucleotides 3{prime} to the damaged site. Following incision, the damaged site and the flanking nucleotides are removed, and DNA polymerase fills the excised gap. The process is completed by the ligation of the newly complete repair patch into the parental DNA. Nucleotide excision repair is a complex process, performed by a multiprotein machine. This complexity is underscored by the number of genetic loci, which, if mutated, can lead to inefficient damage recognition and incision. During the last decade, using modern molecular techniques, several laboratories have cloned and characterized nucleotide excision repair genes from several organisms. Simultaneously, cell-free assays have been developed that can be used to characterize the specific protein products encoded by these genes. Due to its relative simplicity and ease of manipulation, the bacteria Escherichia coli has served as a model system for elucidation of the molecular details of nucleotide excision repair in other organisms. This paper briefly highlights some of the important features of nucleotide excision repair in E. coli.
- Research Organization:
- New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 134853
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9307221-; TRN: 95:007741-0019
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: DNA damage: effects on DNA structure and protein recognition, Burlington, VT (United States), 31 Jul - 4 Aug 1993; Other Information: PBD: 1994; Related Information: Is Part Of DNA damage: Effects on DNA structure and protein recognition; Wallace, S.S.; Van Houten, B.; Kow, Yoke Wah [eds.]; PB: 395 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BASIC STUDIES
NUCLEOTIDES
STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS
DNA
DNA REPAIR
MUTATIONS
DNA SEQUENCING
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
PHOSPHODIESTERASES
HYDROLYSIS
GENES
GENE MUTATIONS
DNA-CLONING
GENE RECOMBINATION
TRANSCRIPTION
ESCHERICHIA COLI
DNA HELICASES
PROTEINS
ENDONUCLEASES
DNA POLYMERASES