Plant-derived antifungal agent poacic acid targets β-1,3-glucan

Piotrowski, Jeff S.; Okada, Hiroki; Lu, Fachuang; Li, Sheena C.; Hinchman, Li; Ranjan, Ashish; Smith, Damon L.; Higbee, Alan J.; Ulbrich, Arne; Coon, Joshua J.; Deshpande, Raamesh; Bukhman, Yury V.; McIlwain, Sean; Ong, Irene M.; Myers, Chad L.; Boone, Charles; Landick, Robert; Ralph, John; Kabbage, Mehdi; Ohya, Yoshikazu

doi:10.1073/pnas.1410400112

Plant-derived antifungal agent poacic acid targets β-1,3-glucan

Journal Article · Mon Mar 09 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1410400112· OSTI ID:1348356

Piotrowski, Jeff S. ^[1]; Okada, Hiroki ^[2]; Lu, Fachuang ^[3]; Li, Sheena C. ^[4]; Hinchman, Li ^[3]; Ranjan, Ashish ^[5]; Smith, Damon L. ^[5]; Higbee, Alan J. ^[6]; Ulbrich, Arne ^[6]; Coon, Joshua J. ^[6]; Deshpande, Raamesh ^[7]; Bukhman, Yury V. ^[3]; McIlwain, Sean ^[3]; Ong, Irene M. ^[3]; Myers, Chad L. ^[7]; Boone, Charles ^[8]; Landick, Robert ^[3]; Ralph, John ^[3]; Kabbage, Mehdi ^[5]; Ohya, Yoshikazu ^[2]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan). Graduate School of Frontier Sciences. Dept. of Integrated Biosciences
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako (Japan)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Plant Pathology
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako (Japan); Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada). Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research

A rise in resistance to current antifungals necessitates strategies to identify alternative sources of effective fungicides. We report the discovery of poacic acid, a potent antifungal compound found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates of grasses. Chemical genomics using Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that loss of cell wall synthesis and maintenance genes conferred increased sensitivity to poacic acid. Morphological analysis revealed that cells treated with poacic acid behaved similarly to cells treated with other cell wall-targeting drugs and mutants with deletions in genes involved in processes related to cell wall biogenesis. Poacic acid causes rapid cell lysis and is synergistic with caspofungin and fluconazole. The cellular target was identified; poacic acid localized to the cell wall and inhibited β-1,3-glucan synthesis in vivo and in vitro, apparently by directly binding β-1,3-glucan. Through its activity on the glucan layer, poacic acid inhibits growth of the fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Alternaria solani as well as the oomycete Phytophthora sojae. A single application of poacic acid to leaves infected with the broad-range fungal pathogen S. sclerotiorum substantially reduced lesion development. In conclusion, the discovery of poacic acid as a natural antifungal agent targeting β-1,3-glucan highlights the potential side use of products generated in the processing of renewable biomass toward biofuels as a source of valuable bioactive compounds and further clarifies the nature and mechanism of fermentation inhibitors found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States); Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada); Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23); National Inst. of Health (NIH) (United States); National Science Foundation (NSF) (United States); Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (United States); Wisconsin Soybean Marketing Board (United States); Canadian Inst. for Advanced Research Genetic Networks Program (Canada); United Soybean Board (United States); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan)

Contributing Organization:: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako (Japan)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-07ER64494

OSTI ID:: 1348356

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 112; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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