Direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion via inverted metamorphic multi-junction semiconductor architectures

Young, James L.; Steiner, Myles A.; Döscher, Henning; France, Ryan M.; Turner, John A.; Deutsch, Todd G.

doi:10.1038/nenergy.2017.28

Title: Direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion via inverted metamorphic multi-junction semiconductor architectures

Journal Article · Mon Mar 13 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.28· OSTI ID:1348150

^[1]; Steiner, Myles A. ^[1]; Döscher, Henning ^[2]; France, Ryan M. ^[1];

^[1]; Deutsch, Todd G. ^[1]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Philipps-Univ. Marburg, Marburg (Germany)

Solar water splitting via multi-junction semiconductor photoelectrochemical cells provides direct conversion of solar energy to stored chemical energy as hydrogen bonds. Economical hydrogen production demands high conversion efficiency to reduce balance-of-systems costs. For sufficient photovoltage, water-splitting efficiency is proportional to the device photocurrent, which can be tuned by judicious selection and integration of optimal semiconductor bandgaps. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient, immersed water-splitting electrodes enabled by inverted metamorphic epitaxy and a transparent graded buffer that allows the bandgap of each junction to be independently varied. Voltage losses at the electrolyte interface are reduced by 0.55 V over traditional, uniformly p-doped photocathodes by using a buried p-n junction. Lastly, advanced on-sun benchmarking, spectrally corrected and validated with incident photon-to-current efficiency, yields over 16% solar-to-hydrogen efficiency with GaInP/GaInAs tandem absorbers, representing a 60% improvement over the classical, high-efficiency tandem III-V device.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1348150

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-66837

Journal Information:: Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 4; ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 241 works

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Efficient solar hydrogen generation in microgravity environment Brinkert, Katharina; Richter, Matthias H.; Akay, Ömer Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04844-y	journal	July 2018
One-Pot in Situ Hydrothermal Growth of BiVO4/Ag/rGO Hybrid Architectures for Solar Water Splitting and Environmental Remediation Patil, Santosh S.; Mali, Mukund G.; Hassan, Mostafa Afifi Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08912-z	journal	August 2017
Hybrid photosynthesis-powering biocatalysts with solar energy captured by inorganic devices Zhang, Tian; Tremblay, Pier-Luc Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0943-5	journal	October 2017

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