Assessing state-of-the-art capabilities for probing the atmospheric boundary layer: The XPIA field campaign

Lundquist, Julie K.; Wilczak, James M.; Ashton, Ryan; Bianco, Laura; Brewer, W. Alan; Choukulkar, Aditya; Clifton, Andrew; Debnath, Mithu; Delgado, Ruben; Friedrich, Katja; Gunter, Scott; Hamidi, Armita; Iungo, Giacomo Valerio; Kaushik, Aleya; Kosović, Branko; Langan, Patrick; Lass, Adam; Lavin, Evan; Lee, Joseph C. -Y.; McCaffrey, Katherine L.; Newsom, Rob K.; Noone, David C.; Oncley, Steven P.; Quelet, Paul T.; Sandberg, Scott P.; Schroeder, John L.; Shaw, William J.; Sparling, Lynn; Martin, Clara St.; Pe, Alexandra St.; Strobach, Edward; Tay, Ken; Vanderwende, Brian J.; Weickmann, Ann; Wolfe, Daniel; Worsnop, Rochelle

doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00151.1

Assessing state-of-the-art capabilities for probing the atmospheric boundary layer: The XPIA field campaign

Journal Article · Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00151.1· OSTI ID:1347205

Lundquist, Julie K. ^[1]; Wilczak, James M. ^[2]; Ashton, Ryan ^[3]; Bianco, Laura ^[4]; Brewer, W. Alan ^[2]; Choukulkar, Aditya ^[2]; Clifton, Andrew ^[5]; Debnath, Mithu ^[3]; Delgado, Ruben ^[6]; Friedrich, Katja ^[4]; Gunter, Scott ^[7]; Hamidi, Armita ^[3]; Iungo, Giacomo Valerio ^[3]; Kaushik, Aleya ^[4]; Kosović, Branko ^[8]; Langan, Patrick ^[9]; Lass, Adam ^[9]; Lavin, Evan ^[9]; Lee, Joseph C. -Y. ^[4]; McCaffrey, Katherine L. ^[10] more »

Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Lab., Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Texas, Dallas, TX (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States)
Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX (United States)
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD (United States)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)

To assess current capabilities for measuring flow within the atmospheric boundary layer, including within wind farms, the U.S. Dept. of Energy sponsored the eXperimental Planetary boundary layer Instrumentation Assessment (XPIA) campaign at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) in spring 2015. Herein, we summarize the XPIA field experiment, highlight novel measurement approaches, and quantify uncertainties associated with these measurement methods. Line-of-sight velocities measured by scanning lidars and radars exhibit close agreement with tower measurements, despite differences in measurement volumes. Virtual towers of wind measurements, from multiple lidars or radars, also agree well with tower and profiling lidar measurements. Estimates of winds over volumes from scanning lidars and radars are in close agreement, enabling assessment of spatial variability. Strengths of the radar systems used here include high scan rates, large domain coverage, and availability during most precipitation events, but they struggle at times to provide data during periods with limited atmospheric scatterers. In contrast, for the deployment geometry tested here, the lidars have slower scan rates and less range, but provide more data during non-precipitating atmospheric conditions. Microwave radiometers provide temperature profiles with approximately the same uncertainty as Radio-Acoustic Sounding Systems (RASS). Using a motion platform, we assess motion-compensation algorithms for lidars to be mounted on offshore platforms. As a result, we highlight cases for validation of mesoscale or large-eddy simulations, providing information on accessing the archived dataset. We conclude that modern remote sensing systems provide a generational improvement in observational capabilities, enabling resolution of fine-scale processes critical to understanding inhomogeneous boundary-layer flows.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Wind and Water Technologies Office (EE-4W)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1347205

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1347869

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5000-64812

Journal Information:: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Journal Name: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 98; ISSN 0003-0007

Publisher:: American Meteorological SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Assessment of virtual towers performed with scanning wind lidars and Ka-band radars during the XPIA experiment Debnath, Mithu; Iungo, Giacomo Valerio; Brewer, W. Alan Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-1215-2017	journal	January 2017
Validating precision estimates in horizontal wind measurements from a Doppler lidar Newsom, Rob K.; Brewer, W. Alan; Wilczak, James M. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-1229-2017	journal	January 2017
Evaluation of single and multiple Doppler lidar techniques to measure complex flow during the XPIA field campaign Choukulkar, Aditya; Brewer, W. Alan; Sandberg, Scott P. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-247-2017	journal	January 2017
Improved observations of turbulence dissipation rates from wind profiling radars McCaffrey, Katherine; Bianco, Laura; Wilczak, James M. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 7, p. 2595-2611 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-2595-2017	journal	January 2017
Evaluation of turbulence measurement techniques from a single Doppler lidar Bonin, Timothy A.; Choukulkar, Aditya; Brewer, W. Alan Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3021-2017	journal	January 2017
Perdigão 2015: methodology for atmospheric multi-Doppler lidar experiments Vasiljević, Nikola; L. M. Palma, José M.; Angelou, Nikolas Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3463-2017	journal	January 2017
Identification of tower-wake distortions using sonic anemometer and lidar measurements McCaffrey, Katherine; Quelet, Paul T.; Choukulkar, Aditya Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-393-2017	journal	January 2017
Estimation of turbulence dissipation rate and its variability from sonic anemometer and wind Doppler lidar during the XPIA field campaign Bodini, Nicola; Lundquist, Julie K.; Newsom, Rob K. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4291-2018	journal	January 2018
Considerations for temperature sensor placement on rotary-wing unmanned aircraft systems Greene, Brian R.; Segales, Antonio R.; Waugh, Sean Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-5519-2018	journal	January 2018
Estimation of turbulence dissipation rate from Doppler wind lidars and in situ instrumentation for the Perdigão 2017 campaign Wildmann, Norman; Bodini, Nicola; Lundquist, Julie K. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6401-2019	journal	January 2019
Wind sensing with drone-mounted wind lidars: proof of concept Vasiljević, Nikola; Harris, Michael; Tegtmeier Pedersen, Anders Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-521-2020	journal	January 2020
Assessment of virtual towers performed with scanning wind lidars and Ka-band radars during the XPIA experiment Debnath, Mithu; Iungo, G. Valerio; Brewer, W. Alan Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2016-325	posted_content	October 2016
Initial Results From a Field Campaign of Wake Steering Applied at a Commercial Wind Farm: Part 1 Fleming, Paul; King, Jennifer; Dykes, Katherine Wind Energy Science Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2019-5	posted_content	February 2019
Initial results from a field campaign of wake steering applied at a commercial wind farm – Part 1 Fleming, Paul; King, Jennifer; Dykes, Katherine Wind Energy Science, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-4-273-2019	journal	January 2019

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Assessing state-of-the-art capabilities for probing the atmospheric boundary layer: The XPIA field campaign

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