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Impact of atmospheric effects on the energy reconstruction of air showers observed by the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Journal Article · · Journal of Instrumentation
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Atmospheric conditions, such as the pressure (P), temperature (T) or air density ($$\rho \propto P/T$$), affect the development of extended air showers initiated by energetic cosmic rays. We study the impact of the atmospheric variations on the reconstruction of air showers with data from the arrays of surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory, considering separately the one with detector spacings of 1500 m and the one with 750 m spacing. We observe modulations in the event rates that are due to the influence of the air density and pressure variations on the measured signals, from which the energy estimators are obtained. Lastly, we show how the energy assignment can be corrected to account for such atmospheric effects.
Research Organization:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25)
Contributing Organization:
Pierre Auger Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11359
OSTI ID:
1346358
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB--17-031-AD-CD-TD; arXiv:1702.02835; 1512750
Journal Information:
Journal of Instrumentation, Journal Name: Journal of Instrumentation Journal Issue: 02 Vol. 12; ISSN 1748-0221
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (10)

Atmospheric effects on extensive air showers observed with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger observatory journal September 2009
Search for first harmonic modulation in the right ascension distribution of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory journal March 2011
Description of atmospheric conditions at the Pierre Auger Observatory using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) journal April 2012
Trigger and aperture of the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
  • Abraham, J.; Abreu, P.; Aglietta, M.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 613, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.11.018
journal January 2010
The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory
  • No authors listed
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 798, p. 172-213 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.06.058
journal July 2015
Diurnal cycle of upper-air temperature estimated from radiosondes journal January 2005
SEARCHES FOR LARGE-SCALE ANISOTROPY IN THE ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS OF COSMIC RAYS DETECTED ABOVE ENERGY OF 10 19 eV AT THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY AND THE TELESCOPE ARRAY journal October 2014
Large Scale Distribution of Ultra high Energy Cosmic rays Detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory with Zenith Angles up to 80° journal March 2015
LARGE-SCALE DISTRIBUTION OF ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS OF COSMIC RAYS DETECTED ABOVE 10 18 eV AT THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY journal December 2012
CONSTRAINTS ON THE ORIGIN OF COSMIC RAYS ABOVE 10 18 eV FROM LARGE-SCALE ANISOTROPY SEARCHES IN DATA OF THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY journal December 2012

Cited By (3)

Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 × 10 18 eV journal September 2017
Observation of a Large-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above $8 imes 10^{18}$ eV text January 2017
Observation of a Large-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above $8 \times 10^{18}$ eV text January 2017

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Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Cherenkov detectors
data analysis
large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics
systematic effects