High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

Tian, Huajun; Gao, Tao; Li, Xiaogang; Wang, Xiwen; Luo, Chao; Fan, Xiulin; Yang, Chongyin; Suo, Liumin; Ma, Zhaohui; Han, Weiqiang; Wang, Chunsheng

doi:10.1038/ncomms14083

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

Journal Article · Mon Jan 09 23:00:00 EST 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14083· OSTI ID:1346000

Tian, Huajun ^[1]; Gao, Tao ^[2]; Li, Xiaogang ^[2]; Wang, Xiwen ^[2]; Luo, Chao ^[2]; Fan, Xiulin ^[2]; Yang, Chongyin ^[2]; Suo, Liumin ^[2]; Ma, Zhaohui ^[2]; Han, Weiqiang ^[3]; Wang, Chunsheng ^[2]

Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo (China); University of Maryland
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China)

Rechargeable magnesium batteries have attracted considerable attention because of their potential high energy density and low cost. However, their development has been severely hindered because of the lack of appropriate cathode materials. Here we report a rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery, in which the soluble iodine reacts with Mg²⁺ to form a soluble intermediate and then an insoluble final product magnesium iodide. The liquid–solid two-phase reaction pathway circumvents solid-state Mg²⁺ diffusion and ensures a large interfacial reaction area, leading to fast reaction kinetics and high reaction reversibility. As a result, the rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery shows a better rate capability (180 mAh g^–1 at 0.5 C and 140 mAh g^–1 at 1 C) and a higher energy density (~400 Wh kg^–1) than all other reported rechargeable magnesium batteries using intercalation cathodes. As a result, this study demonstrates that the liquid–solid two-phase reaction mechanism is promising in addressing the kinetic limitation of rechargeable magnesium batteries.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001160

OSTI ID:: 1346000

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 8; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (36)

Sulfur-Impregnated Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth as a Binder-Free Cathode for Rechargeable Li-S Batteries Elazari, Ran; Salitra, Gregory; Garsuch, Arnd Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 47, p. 5641-5644 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201103274	journal	November 2011
The High Performance of Crystal Water Containing Manganese Birnessite Cathodes for Magnesium Batteries Nam, Kwan Woo; Kim, Sangryun; Lee, Soyeon Nano Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01109	journal	May 2015
Role of Structural H ₂ O in Intercalation Electrodes: The Case of Mg in Nanocrystalline Xerogel-V ₂ O ₅ Sai Gautam, Gopalakrishnan; Canepa, Pieremanuele; Richards, William Davidson Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05273	journal	March 2016
High Areal Capacity Hybrid Magnesium–Lithium-Ion Battery with 99.9% Coulombic Efficiency for Large-Scale Energy Storage Yoo, Hyun Deog; Liang, Yanliang; Li, Yifei ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b01206	journal	March 2015
Triiodide Quenching of Ruthenium MLCT Excited State in Solution and on TiO ₂ Surfaces: An Alternate Pathway for Charge Recombination Clark, Christopher C.; Marton, Andras; Srinivasan, Ramya Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 45, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic060246q	journal	June 2006
Prototype systems for rechargeable magnesium batteries Aurbach, D.; Lu, Z.; Schechter, A. Nature, Vol. 407, Issue 6805, p. 724-727 https://doi.org/10.1038/35037553	journal	October 2000
Lithium–sulphur batteries with a microporous carbon paper as a bifunctional interlayer Su, Yu-Sheng; Manthiram, Arumugam Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Article No. 1166 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2163	journal	January 2012
A new class of Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries Suo, Liumin; Hu, Yong-Sheng; Li, Hong Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2513	journal	February 2013
Surface-enhanced redox chemistry of polysulphides on a metallic and polar host for lithium-sulphur batteries Pang, Quan; Kundu, Dipan; Cuisinier, Marine Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5759	journal	August 2014
A highly efficient polysulfide mediator for lithium–sulfur batteries Liang, Xiao; Hart, Connor; Pang, Quan Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6682	journal	January 2015
A highly ordered nanostructured carbon–sulphur cathode for lithium–sulphur batteries Ji, Xiulei; Lee, Kyu Tae; Nazar, Linda F. Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 6, p. 500-506 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2460	journal	May 2009
Conductivity and Structural Studies of Magnesium Based Solid Electrolytes Ahmad, A. Hanom; Ghani, F. S. Abdul; Rusop, Mohamad NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY: International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology—2008, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3160156	conference	January 2009
Confined Sulfur in Microporous Carbon Renders Superior Cycling Stability in Li/S Batteries Xu, Yunhua; Wen, Yang; Zhu, Yujie Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201500983	journal	June 2015
Progress in Rechargeable Magnesium Battery Technology Aurbach, D.; Suresh, G. S.; Levi, E. Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200701495	journal	December 2007
Performance Improvement of Magnesium Sulfur Batteries with Modified Non-Nucleophilic Electrolytes Zhao-Karger, Zhirong; Zhao, Xiangyu; Wang, Di Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201401155	journal	October 2014
Hybrid Mg ²⁺ /Li ⁺ Battery with Long Cycle Life and High Rate Capability Gao, Tao; Han, Fudong; Zhu, Yujie Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201401507	journal	November 2014
A review on the problems of the solid state ions diffusion in cathodes for rechargeable Mg batteries Levi, E.; Levi, M. D.; Chasid, O. Journal of Electroceramics, Vol. 22, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-007-9370-5	journal	December 2007
Liquid electrolyte lithium/sulfur battery: Fundamental chemistry, problems, and solutions Zhang, Sheng S. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 231, p. 153-162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.12.102	journal	June 2013
Mg Desolvation and Intercalation Mechanism at the Mo ₆ S ₈ Chevrel Phase Surface Wan, Liwen F.; Perdue, Brian R.; Apblett, Christopher A. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01907	journal	August 2015
Investigation of the Mechanism of Mg Insertion in Birnessite in Nonaqueous and Aqueous Rechargeable Mg-Ion Batteries Sun, Xiaoqi; Duffort, Victor; Mehdi, B. Layla Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03983	journal	January 2016
Quest for Nonaqueous Multivalent Secondary Batteries: Magnesium and Beyond Muldoon, John; Bucur, Claudiu B.; Gregory, Thomas Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500049y	journal	October 2014
Enhancing the Reversibility of Mg/S Battery Chemistry through Li ⁺ Mediation Gao, Tao; Noked, Malachi; Pearse, Alex J. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b07820	journal	September 2015
Suppressed Activation Energy for Interfacial Charge Transfer of a Prussian Blue Analog Thin Film Electrode with Hydrated Ions (Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , and Mg ²⁺ ) Mizuno, Yoshifumi; Okubo, Masashi; Hosono, Eiji The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 117, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp311616s	journal	May 2013
Balancing surface adsorption and diffusion of lithium-polysulfides on nonconductive oxides for lithium–sulfur battery design Tao, Xinyong; Wang, Jianguo; Liu, Chong Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11203	journal	April 2016
A concept of dual-salt polyvalent-metal storage battery Yagi, Shunsuke; Ichitsubo, Tetsu; Shirai, Yoshimasa J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA13668J	journal	January 2014
High performance batteries based on hybrid magnesium and lithium chemistry Cheng, Yingwen; Shao, Yuyan; Zhang, Ji-Guang Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 68 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC03620D	journal	January 2014
A self-defense redox mediator for efficient lithium–O ₂ batteries Zhang, Tao; Liao, Kaiming; He, Ping Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE02803E	journal	January 2016
Advances in Li–S batteries Ji, Xiulei; Nazar, Linda F. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 20, Issue 44, p. 9821-9826 https://doi.org/10.1039/b925751a	journal	January 2010
Electrolyte roadblocks to a magnesium rechargeable battery Muldoon, John; Bucur, Claudiu B.; Oliver, Allen G. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 5, Issue 3, p. 5941-5950 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee03029b	journal	January 2012
Mg rechargeable batteries: an on-going challenge Yoo, Hyun Deog; Shterenberg, Ivgeni; Gofer, Yosef Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 6, Issue 8, p. 2265-2279 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee40871j	journal	January 2013
Bisamide based non-nucleophilic electrolytes for rechargeable magnesium batteries Zhao-Karger, Zhirong; Zhao, Xiangyu; Fuhr, Olaf RSC Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra43206h	journal	January 2013
Mn3O4/graphene composite as counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells Zhang, Qian; Liu, Yuanfu; Duan, Yandong RSC Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00347k	journal	January 2014
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of some iodine compounds Sherwood, Peter M. A. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 2, Vol. 72 https://doi.org/10.1039/f29767201805	journal	January 1976
Review—Development of Advanced Rechargeable Batteries: A Continuous Challenge in the Choice of Suitable Electrolyte Solutions Erickson, Evan M.; Markevich, Elena; Salitra, Gregory Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0051514jes	journal	January 2015
The challenge of developing rechargeable magnesium batteries Shterenberg, Ivgeni; Salama, Michael; Gofer, Yossi MRS Bulletin, Vol. 39, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.61	journal	May 2014
Role of structural H$_2$O in intercalation electrodes: the case of Mg in nano-crystalline Xerogel-V$_2$O$_5$ Gautam, Gopalakrishnan Sai; Canepa, Pieremanuele; Richards, William Davidson arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1603.05342	text	January 2016

Cited By (40)

High-Voltage Aqueous Magnesium Ion Batteries Wang, Fei; Fan, Xiulin; Gao, Tao ACS Central Science, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.7b00361	journal	September 2017
Electrochemical Reactions of Iodine Molecules Encapsulated in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Kato, Nao; Ishii, Yosuke; Yoshida, Yukihiro ACS Omega, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b03129	journal	February 2019
Graphitic Nanocarbon with Engineered Defects for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Battery Anodes Zhang, Wenli; Ming, Jun; Zhao, Wenli Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201903641	journal	June 2019
Rechargeable Magnesium–Sulfur Battery Technology: State of the Art and Key Challenges Wang, Peiwen; Buchmeiser, Michael R. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905248	journal	September 2019
A Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Sodium-Bromine Battery with Ultrahigh Energy Density Wang, Faxing; Yang, Hongliu; Zhang, Jian Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201800028	journal	April 2018
A Nonaqueous Potassium-Based Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Device Fan, Ling; Lin, Kairui; Wang, Jue Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201800804	journal	March 2018
Fully Conjugated Phthalocyanine Copper Metal–Organic Frameworks for Sodium–Iodine Batteries with Long‐Time‐Cycling Durability Wang, Faxing; Liu, Zaichun; Yang, Chongqing Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905361	journal	December 2019
Improving a Mg/S Battery with YCl ₃ Additive and Magnesium Polysulfide Xu, Yan; Zhou, Guangmin; Zhao, Shuyang Advanced Science https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800981	journal	December 2018
Fast Diffusion of Multivalent Ions Facilitated by Concerted Interactions in Dual-Ion Battery Systems Li, Hongyi; Okamoto, Norihiko L.; Hatakeyama, Takuya Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201801475	journal	August 2018
Fast and Reversible Four‐Electron Storage Enabled by Ethyl Viologen for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries Sun, Yue; Zou, Qingli; Lu, Yi‐Chun Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201903002	journal	November 2019
Reversible S ⁰ /MgS _x Redox Chemistry in a MgTFSI ₂ /MgCl ₂ /DME Electrolyte for Rechargeable Mg/S Batteries Gao, Tao; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Fei Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 129, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201708241	journal	September 2017
A Long Cycle Life, Self-Healing Zinc-Iodine Flow Battery with High Power Density Xie, Congxin; Zhang, Huamin; Xu, Wenbin Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 130, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201803122	journal	May 2018
Halogenid‐basierte Materialien und Chemie für wiederaufladbare Batterien Zhao, Xiangyu; Zhao‐Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 132, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201902842	journal	January 2020
A Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film for Selective Mg ²⁺ Transport Luo, Jingru; Li, Yang; Zhang, Haochuan Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201908706	journal	September 2019
Fervent Hype behind Magnesium Batteries: An Open Call to Synthetic Chemists-Electrolytes and Cathodes Needed Muldoon, John; Bucur, Claudiu B.; Gregory, Thomas Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201700673	journal	August 2017
Reversible S ⁰ /MgS _x Redox Chemistry in a MgTFSI ₂ /MgCl ₂ /DME Electrolyte for Rechargeable Mg/S Batteries Gao, Tao; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Fei Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201708241	journal	September 2017
A Long Cycle Life, Self-Healing Zinc-Iodine Flow Battery with High Power Density Xie, Congxin; Zhang, Huamin; Xu, Wenbin Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201803122	journal	May 2018
Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries Zhao, Xiangyu; Zhao‐Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 59, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201902842	journal	January 2020
A Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film for Selective Mg ²⁺ Transport Luo, Jingru; Li, Yang; Zhang, Haochuan Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201908706	journal	October 2019
Recent Advances in Layered Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene for Electrochemical Energy Storage Xiong, Dongbin; Li, Xifei; Bai, Zhimin Small, Vol. 14, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703419	journal	February 2018
Fast Charging Lithium Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Prospects Zhu, Gao‐Long; Zhao, Chen‐Zi; Huang, Jia‐Qi Small, Vol. 15, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201805389	journal	March 2019
Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene‐Buffered Mn ₂ O ₃ Nanocomposite Anodes for Fast Charging and High Discharge Capacity Lithium‐Ion Batteries Yuan, Shuang; Chen, Weibin; Zhang, Lina Small, Vol. 15, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903311	journal	October 2019
Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries using Conversion-Type Cathodes: A Perspective and Minireview Zhang, Zhonghua; Dong, Shamu; Cui, Zili Small Methods, Vol. 2, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201800020	journal	July 2018
Electrolyte for energy storage/conversion (Li+, Na+, Mg2+) devices based on PVC and their associated polymer: a comprehensive review Arya, Anil; Sharma, A. L. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 23, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-019-04203-x	journal	February 2019
Rechargeable aluminum batteries utilizing a chloroaluminate inorganic ionic liquid electrolyte Chen, Chih-Yao; Tsuda, Tetsuya; Kuwabata, Susumu Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc00113h	journal	January 2018
Rechargeable aqueous zinc–iodine batteries: pore confining mechanism and flexible device application Li, Yixin; Liu, Luojia; Li, Haixia Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc02616e	journal	January 2018
Ultra-stable binder-free rechargeable Li/I ₂ batteries enabled by “Betadine” chemical interaction Meng, Zhen; Tan, Xiaojian; Zhang, Shunlong Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 87 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc06848h	journal	January 2018
A critical review of cathodes for rechargeable Mg batteries Mao, Minglei; Gao, Tao; Hou, Singyuk Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 47, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00319j	journal	January 2018
Naturally abundant high-performance rechargeable aluminum/iodine batteries based on conversion reaction chemistry Zhang, Shunlong; Tan, Xiaojian; Meng, Zhen Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00675j	journal	January 2018
Using core–shell interlinked polymer@C–iodine hollow spheres to synergistically depress polyiodide shuttle and boost kinetics for iodine-based batteries Zhang, Guoming; Wang, Huifeng; Zhang, Sen Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta01470a	journal	January 2018
Tunable porous carbon spheres for high-performance rechargeable batteries Tian, Huajun; Wang, Tianyi; Zhang, Fan Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02353k	journal	January 2018
Rechargeable Na/Ni batteries based on the Ni(OH) ₂ /NiOOH redox couple with high energy density and good cycling performance Park, Seungyoung; Khan, Ziyauddin; Shin, Tae Joo Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta10830g	journal	January 2019
Manganese ion pre-intercalated hydrated vanadium oxide as a high-performance cathode for magnesium ion batteries Deng, Xuanwei; Xu, Yanan; An, Qinyou Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta11236c	journal	January 2019
Iodine-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile with enhanced electrochemical performance for room-temperature sodium/potassium sulfur batteries Ma, Shaobo; Zuo, Pengjian; Zhang, Han Chemical Communications, Vol. 55, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cc01612k	journal	January 2019
First-principles study of VPO ₄ O as a cathode material for rechargeable Mg batteries Wu, Jiandong; Gao, Guohua; Wu, Guangming Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp00580c	journal	January 2019
Voltage issue of aqueous rechargeable metal-ion batteries Liu, Zhuoxin; Huang, Yan; Huang, Yang Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cs00131j	journal	January 2020
Glyme–Li salt equimolar molten solvates with iodide/triiodide redox anions Shigenobu, Keisuke; Nakanishi, Azusa; Ueno, Kazuhide RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra03580j	journal	January 2019
Dendrite Growth in Mg Metal Cells Containing Mg(TFSI) ₂ /Glyme Electrolytes Ding, Markus S.; Diemant, Thomas; Behm, R. Jürgen Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1471809jes	journal	January 2018
Beyond Intercalation Chemistry for Rechargeable Mg Batteries: A Short Review and Perspective Zhao-Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00656	journal	January 2019
Beyond Intercalation Chemistry for Rechargeable Mg Batteries: A Short Review and Perspective Zhao-Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000090316	text	January 2019

Similar Records

Chloride ion-doped polypyrrole nanocomposite as cathode material for rechargeable magnesium battery

Journal Article · Tue May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Materials Research Bulletin · OSTI ID:22805122

Fast kinetics of magnesium monochloride cations in interlayer-expanded titanium disulfide for magnesium rechargeable batteries

Journal Article · Thu Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Communications · OSTI ID:1398523

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
batteries

High power rechargeable magnesium/iodine battery chemistry

Citation Formats

References (36)

Cited By (40)

Similar Records

Related Subjects