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Numerical study on the partitioning of the molecular polarizability into fluctuating charge and induced atomic dipole contributions

Journal Article · · Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4]
  1. East China Normal Univ., Shanghai (China); NYU Shanghai, Shanghai (China); National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Rockville, MD (United States); Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
  2. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Rockville, MD (United States)
  3. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
  4. Q-Chem Inc., Pleasanton, CA (United States)

In order to carry out a detailed analysis of the molecular static polarizability, which is the response of the molecule to a uniform external electric field, the molecular polarizability was computed in this study using the finite-difference method for 21 small molecules, using density functional theory. Within nine charge population schemes (Lowdin, Mulliken, Becke, Hirshfeld, CM5, Hirshfeld-I, NPA, CHELPG, MK-ESP) in common use, the charge fluctuation contribution is found to dominate the molecular polarizability, with its ratio ranging from 59.9% with the Hirshfeld or CM5 scheme to 96.2% with the Mulliken scheme. The Hirshfeld-I scheme is also used to compute the other contribution to the molecular polarizability coming from the induced atomic dipoles, and the atomic polarizabilities in eight small molecules and water pentamer are found to be highly anisotropic for most atoms. In conclusion, the overall results suggest that (a) more emphasis probably should be placed on the charge fluctuation terms in future polarizable force field development and (b) an anisotropic polarizability might be more suitable than an isotropic one in polarizable force fields based entirely or partially on the induced atomic dipoles.

Research Organization:
Q-Chem Inc., Pleasanton, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0011297
OSTI ID:
1344918
Journal Information:
Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory, Journal Name: Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory Journal Issue: 22 Vol. 119; ISSN 1089-5639
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Parameterization of prototype organic small molecules suitable for OPVs and molecular dynamics simulations: the BTT and BPT cases journal April 2019
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On the geometric dependence of the molecular dipole polarizability in water: A benchmark study of higher-order electron correlation, basis set incompleteness error, core electron effects, and zero-point vibrational contributions journal November 2018

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