Present-day irrigation mitigates heat extremes: IRRIGATION MITIGATES HEAT EXTREMES

Thiery, Wim; Davin, Edouard L.; Lawrence, David M.; Hirsch, Annette L.; Hauser, Mathias; Seneviratne, Sonia I.

doi:10.1002/2016JD025740

Title: Present-day irrigation mitigates heat extremes: IRRIGATION MITIGATES HEAT EXTREMES

Journal Article · Thu Feb 16 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025740· OSTI ID:1342255

^[1]; Davin, Edouard L. ^[2];

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ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Inst. for Atmospheric and Climate Science; Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels (Belgium). Dept. of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering
ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Inst. for Atmospheric and Climate Science
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)

Irrigation is an essential practice for sustaining global food production and many regional economies. Emerging scientific evidence indicates that irrigation substantially affects mean climate conditions in different regions of the world. Yet how this practice influences climate extremes is currently unknown. Here we use ensemble simulations with the Community Earth System Model to assess the impacts of irrigation on climate extremes. An evaluation of the model performance reveals that irrigation has a small yet overall beneficial effect on the representation of present-day near-surface climate. While the influence of irrigation on annual mean temperatures is limited, we find a large impact on temperature extremes, with a particularly strong cooling during the hottest day of the year (-0.78 K averaged over irrigated land). The strong influence on extremes stems from the timing of irrigation and its influence on land-atmosphere coupling strength. Together these effects result in asymmetric temperature responses, with a more pronounced cooling during hot and/or dry periods. The influence of irrigation is even more pronounced when considering subgrid-scale model output, suggesting that local effects of land management are far more important than previously thought. In conclusion, our results underline that irrigation has substantially reduced our exposure to hot temperature extremes in the past and highlight the need to account for irrigation in future climate projections.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Univ. Corp for Atmospheric Research

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA); National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO (United States); ETH Zurich (Switzerland); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC03-97ER62402/A010; SC0012972; 2015‐67003‐23489

OSTI ID:: 1342255

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1342256; OSTI ID: 1427802

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 122 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 168 works

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Title: Present-day irrigation mitigates heat extremes: IRRIGATION MITIGATES HEAT EXTREMES

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