skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Magnetic iron oxide and manganese-doped iron oxide nanoparticles for the collection of alpha-emitting radionuclides from aqueous solutions

Journal Article · · RSC Advances
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA22262E· OSTI ID:1339852

Magnetic nanoparticles are well known to possess chemically active surfaces and high surface areas that can be employed to extract a range of ions from aqueous solutions. Additionally, their paramagnetic property provides a convenient means for bulk collection of the material from solution after the targeted ions have been adsorbed. Herein, two nanoscale amphoteric metal oxides, each possessing useful magnetic attributes, were evaluated for their ability to collect both naturally occurring radioactive isotopes (polonium (Po), radium (Ra), and uranium (U)) as well as the transuranic element americium (Am) from a suite of naturally occurring aqueous matrices. The nanomaterials include commercially available paramagnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) and magnetite that was modified to incorporate manganese (Mn) into the crystal structure. The chemical stability of these nanomaterials was evaluated in Hanford Site, WA ground water between the natural pH (~8) and pH 1 (acidified with HCl). Whereas the magnetite was observed to have good stability over the pH range, the Mn-doped material was observed to leach Mn at low pH. The materials were evaluated in parallel to characterize their uptake performance of the aforementioned alpha-emitting radionuclide spikes from Hanford Site ground water across a range of pH (from ~8 down to 2). In addition, radiotracer uptake experiments were performed on Columbia River water, seawater, and human urine at their natural pH and at pH 2. Despite the observed leaching of Mn from the Mn-doped nanomaterial in the lower pH range, it exhibited generally superior analyte extraction performance compared to the magnetite, and analyte uptake was observed across a broader pH range. The uptake behavior of the various radiotracers on these two materials at different pH levels can generally be explained by the amphoteric nature of the nanoparticle surfaces. Finally, the rate of sorption of the radiotracers on the two materials in unacidified groundwater was evaluated. The uptake curves generally indicate that equilibrium is obtained within a few minutes, which is attributed to the high surface areas of the nanomaterials and the high level of dispersion in the liquids. Overall, the results indicate that these nanomaterials may have the potential to be employed for a range of applications to extract radionuclides from aqueous solutions. These applications may include analytical chemistry, waste water treatment and remediation, mining, and in vitro radiobioassay.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1339852
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-119737; RSCACL; 400412000
Journal Information:
RSC Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 107; ISSN 2046-2069
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (67)

Functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles for U removal from low and high pH groundwater journal November 2016
Pre-concentration of short-lived radionuclides using manganese dioxide precipitation from surface waters journal August 2011
Cobalt- and manganese-substituted ferrites as efficient single-site heterogeneous catalysts for aerobic oxidation of monoterpenic alkenes under solvent-free conditions journal March 2008
Magnetic nanoparticle-supported crown ethers journal January 2007
Magnetic recovery of radium, lead and polonium from seawater samples after preconcentration on a magnetic adsorbent of manganese dioxide coated magnetite journal July 1996
Polonium-210 and lead-210 in the terrestrial environment: a historical review journal May 2011
Influence of Calcite and Dissolved Calcium on Uranium(VI) Sorption to a Hanford Subsurface Sediment journal October 2005
Synthesis of Highly Selective Magnetic Mesoporous Adsorbent journal May 2009
First-principles molecular dynamics simulation of the Ca 2 UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 complex in water journal January 2016
Polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles for rapid bioassay of 90Sr in human urine samples journal January 2012
Manganese Doping of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Tailoring Surface Reactivity for a Regenerable Heavy Metal Sorbent journal February 2012
Adsorption of uranyl onto ferric oxyhydroxides: Application of the surface complexation site-binding model journal September 1985
Modeling of Ion-Exchange Reactions on Metal Oxides with the Frumkin Isotherm. 1. Acid−Base and Charge Characteristics of MnO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 , and Al 2 O 3 Surfaces and Adsorption Affinity of Alkali Metal Ions journal January 1996
Sorption of Am(III) onto 6-Line-Ferrihydrite and Its Alteration Products:  Investigations by EXAFS journal June 2006
Application of magnetic nanoparticles for the extraction of radium-226 from water samples journal July 2013
Synthesis of amidoxime-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell magnetic microspheres for highly efficient sorption of U(VI) journal January 2014
Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution using Fe3O4–SiO2-poly(1,2-diaminobenzene) core–shell sub-micron particles journal December 2012
Solvent extraction study on the hydrolysis of tracer concentration of Po(IV) in chloride solutions journal January 1981
Adsorption characteristics of 210Pb, 210Po and 7Be onto micro-particle surfaces and the effects of macromolecular organic compounds journal April 2013
Cation sorption on colloidal hydrous manganese dioxide journal December 1968
Actinide Carbonte Complexes and Their Importance in Actinide Environmental Chemistry journal January 1995
The Isoelectric Points of Solid Oxides, Solid Hydroxides, and Aqueous Hydroxo Complex Systems journal April 1965
Removing Radium by Adding Preformed Hydrous Manganese Oxides journal February 1990
EURADOS intercomparison on emergency radiobioassay journal December 2014
Effect of Crystallographic Structure of MnO 2 on Its Electrochemical Capacitance Properties journal February 2008
Preparation of catalysts by metallic complex adsorption on mineral oxides journal January 1978
Chemical Insight into the Adsorption of Chromium(III) on Iron Oxide/Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites journal July 2015
Soluble and particle-bound 234,238U, 226Ra and 210Po in ground waters journal January 2003
Sorption of uranium on magnetite nanoparticles journal May 2010
Determination of the Formation Constants of Ternary Complexes of Uranyl and Carbonate with Alkaline Earth Metals (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , and Ba 2+ ) Using Anion Exchange Method journal August 2006
The surface chemistry of hydrous manganese dioxide journal March 1974
Magnetic solids in analytical chemistry: A review journal August 2010
Selective extraction of 90Sr in urine using 4′4″(5″)di-tert-butyl dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 ether immobilized on polyacrylamide-coated magnetic nanoparticles journal September 2014
The Sorption of 210Pb, 210Bi and 210Po on Montmorillonite: A Study with Emphasis on Reversibility Aspects and on the Effect of the Radioactive Decay of Adsorbed Nuclides journal January 1993
Preparation and characterization of manganese dioxide impregnated resin for radionuclide pre-concentration journal October 2007
Soluble and Particle-Bound and 210Po 210Pb in Groundwaters journal January 1999
Identification and characterization of sorbed lutetium species on 2-line ferrihydrite by sorption data modeling, TRLFS and EXAFS journal January 2001
Nanostructured Metal Oxide Sorbents for the Collection and Recovery of Uranium from Seawater journal December 2015
A surface structural model for ferrihydrite II: Adsorption of uranyl and carbonate journal August 2009
Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles—Synthesis, Properties, and Bio-Applications journal December 2007
Mineral–Water Interface Reactions of Actinides journal October 2012
Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: A review journal April 2012
Actinide speciation in aquatic systems journal March 2006
The behavior of scavenged isotopes in marine anoxic environments: 210Pb and 210Po in the water column of the Black Sea journal April 1994
Sorption of 241Am onto Montmorillonite, Illite and Hematite Colloids journal January 1994
�ber die ?fraktionierte Adsorption? und ?fraktionierte Desadsorption? von Radium-Bariumsalzen and kolloidalem Mangansuperoxydhydrat journal November 1913
Imaging in Clinical Oncology journal February 2015
Conjugates of Magnetic Nanoparticle—Actinide Specific Chelator for Radioactive Waste Separation journal October 2013
Bare magnetic nanoparticles: sustainable synthesis and applications in catalytic organic transformations journal January 2014
The point of zero charge and adsorption properties of natural magnetite journal March 1983
Chelate-free metal ion binding and heat-induced radiolabeling of iron oxide nanoparticles journal January 2015
Removal of arsenic from groundwater using low cost ferruginous manganese ore journal February 2002
Investigation of Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Rapid Extraction and Assay of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides from Urine: Demonstration of a Novel Radiobioassay Method journal January 2011
Pre-concentration of actinoids from waters: a comparison of various sorbents journal July 2000
Preconcentration of radium isotopes from natural waters using MnO2 Resin journal October 2003
Extraction of radium from natural waters using manganese-impregnated acrylic fibers journal December 1973
Dynamic studies on sorption characteristics of226Ra on manganese dioxide journal June 1995
Synthesis and ion Exchange Properties of Manganese(Iv) Dioxide Doped by 3+ Transition Metal Cations journal May 2001
International Workshop on Emergency Radiobioassay: Considerations, gaps and Recommendations journal January 2011
Magnetite surface charge studies to 290°C from in situ pH titrations journal June 2000
The point of zero charge of manganese dioxides journal May 1978
Uranium speciation in waters of different uranium mining areas journal June 1998
First-principles molecular dynamics simulation of the Ca 2 UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 complex in water journal January 2016
Environmental actinide chemistry journal April 1984
Modelling americium sorption onto colloids: effect of redox potential journal April 2003
Imaging in Clinical Oncology journal April 2015
Environmental actinide chemistry journal February 1984

Cited By (1)

Transforming lanthanide and actinide chemistry with nanoparticles journal January 2020