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Title: Comparative structural and computational analysis supports eighteen cellulose synthases in the plant cellulose synthesis complex

Journal Article · · Scientific Reports
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28696· OSTI ID:1339409
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [3];  [3]
  1. Pennsylvania State Univ., State College, PA (United States)
  2. North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States); Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
  3. North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States)
  4. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  5. Rhode Island College, Providence, RI (United States)
  6. Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (United States)

A six-lobed membrane spanning cellulose synthesis complex (CSC) containing multiple cellulose synthase (CESA) glycosyltransferases mediates cellulose microfibril formation. The number of CESAs in the CSC has been debated for decades in light of changing estimates of the diameter of the smallest microfibril formed from the β-1,4 glucan chains synthesized by one CSC. We obtained more direct evidence through generating improved transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and image averages of the rosette-type CSC, revealing the frequent triangularity and average cross-sectional area in the plasma membrane of its individual lobes. Trimeric oligomers of two alternative CESA computational models corresponded well with individual lobe geometry. A six-fold assembly of the trimeric computational oligomer had the lowest potential energy per monomer and was consistent with rosette CSC morphology. Negative stain TEM and image averaging showed the triangularity of a recombinant CESA cytosolic domain, consistent with previous modeling of its trimeric nature from small angle scattering (SAXS) data. Six trimeric SAXS models nearly filled the space below an average FF-TEM image of the rosette CSC. In conclusion, the multifaceted data support a rosette CSC with 18 CESAs that mediates the synthesis of a fundamental microfibril composed of 18 glucan chains.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Spallation Neutron Source (SNS); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation (CLSF)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; SC0001090
OSTI ID:
1339409
Journal Information:
Scientific Reports, Vol. 6; ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 136 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Investigation of stability of branched structures in softwood cellulose using SEC/MALLS/RI/UV and sugar composition analyses journal February 2018
An evaluation of the structures of cellulose generated by the CHARMM force field: comparisons to in planta cellulose journal April 2018
Probing cellulose structures with vibrational spectroscopy journal January 2019
Chirality and bound water in the hierarchical cellulose structure journal June 2019
Functional divergence of cellulose synthase orthologs in between wild Gossypium raimondii and domesticated G. arboreum diploid cotton species journal September 2019
A density functional theory study on the shape of the primary cellulose microfibril in plants: effects of C6 exocyclic group conformation and H-bonding journal January 2020
The Shape of Native Plant Cellulose Microfibrils journal September 2018
Optimization of nucleotide sugar supply for polysaccharide formation via thermodynamic buffering journal January 2020
Cellulosic fibres of flax recruit both primary and secondary cell wall cellulose synthases during deposition of thick tertiary cell walls and in the course of graviresponse journal January 2017
Cellulose synthase complexes display distinct dynamic behaviors during xylem transdifferentiation journal June 2018
The cell biology of secondary cell wall biosynthesis journal February 2018
Structure of native cellulose microfibrils, the starting point for nanocellulose manufacture journal December 2017
Cellulose synthase complex organization and cellulose microfibril structure journal December 2017
Secondary cell wall biosynthesis journal November 2018
Convergent evolution of hetero‐oligomeric cellulose synthesis complexes in mosses and seed plants journal May 2019
Heterologous overexpression, purification and functional analysis of plant cellulose synthase from green bamboo journal July 2019
Building a plant cell wall at a glance journal January 2018
Differences in protein structural regions that impact functional specificity in GT2 family β-glucan synthases journal October 2019
Progress and Opportunities in the Characterization of Cellulose – An Important Regulator of Cell Wall Growth and Mechanics journal March 2019
Secondary Wall Regulating NACs Differentially Bind at the Promoter at a CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A4 Cis-eQTL journal December 2018
Differences in protein structural regions that impact functional specificity in GT2 family β- Glucan synthases text January 2021
Genetic Analysis of the Transition from Wild to Domesticated Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) journal February 2020
Biochemical and physiological flexibility accompanies reduced cellulose biosynthesis in Brachypodium cesa1S830N journal July 2019