Effective recycling of manganese oxide cathodes for lithium based batteries

Poyraz, Altug S.; Huang, Jianping; Cheng, Shaobo; Bock, David C.; Wu, Lijun; Zhu, Yimei; Marschilok, Amy C.; Takeuchi, Kenneth J.; Takeuchi, Esther S.

doi:10.1039/c6gc00438e

Title: Effective recycling of manganese oxide cathodes for lithium based batteries

Journal Article · Mon Feb 29 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Green Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c6gc00438e· OSTI ID:1336107

Poyraz, Altug S. ^[1]; Huang, Jianping ^[2]; Cheng, Shaobo ^[3]; Bock, David C. ^[1]; Wu, Lijun ^[1]; Zhu, Yimei ^[1]; Marschilok, Amy C. ^[4]; Takeuchi, Kenneth J. ^[4]; Takeuchi, Esther S. ^[5]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Energy Sciences Directorate
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Energy Sciences Directorate; Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Energy Science Directorate

Rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs) occupy a prominent consumer presence due to their high cell potential and gravimetric energy density, there are also limited opportunities for electrode recycling. Currently used or proposed cathode recycling processes are multistep procedures which involve sequences of mechanical, thermal, and chemical leaching, where only the base material is recovered and significant processing is required to generate a recycled electrode structure. Another significant issue facing lithium based batteries is capacity fade due to structural degradation of the electroactive material upon extending cycling. Herein, inspired by heterogeneous catalyst thermal regeneration strategies, we present a new facile cathode recycling process, where previously used cathodes are removed from a cell, heat treated, and then inserted into a new cell restoring the delivered capacity and cycle life. An environmentally sustainable manganese based material is employed, where binder-free self-supporting (BFSS) electrodes are prepared using a fibrous, high aspect ratio manganese oxide active material. After 200 discharge–charge cycles, the recycled BFSS electrodes display restored crystallinity and oxidation state of the manganese centers with the resulting electrochemistry (capacity and coulombic efficiency) reminiscent of freshly prepared BFSS cathodes. Of note, the BFSS electrode structure is robust with no degradation during the cell disassembly, electrode recovery, washing, and heat treatment steps; thus no post-processing is required for the recycled electrode. Furthermore, this work shows for the first time that a thermal regeneration method previously employed in catalyst systems can fully restore battery electrochemical performance, demonstrating a novel electrode recycling process which could open up new possibilities for energy storage devices with extended electrode lifecycles.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties (m2M)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; SC0012673

OSTI ID:: 1336107

Report Number(s):: BNL-112551-2016-JA; GRCHFJ

Journal Information:: Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 11; ISSN 1463-9262

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 47 works

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Title: Effective recycling of manganese oxide cathodes for lithium based batteries

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