High-Rate Charging Induced Intermediate Phases and Structural Changes of Layer-Structured Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Zhou, Yong-Ning; Yue, Ji-Li; Hu, Enyuan; Li, Hong; Gu, Lin; Nam, Kyung-Wan; Bak, Seong-Min; Yu, Xiqian; Liu, Jue; Bai, Jianming; Dooryhee, Eric; Fu, Zheng-Wen; Yang, Xiao-Qing

doi:10.1002/aenm.201600597

High-Rate Charging Induced Intermediate Phases and Structural Changes of Layer-Structured Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Mon Aug 08 00:00:00 UTC 2016 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600597· OSTI ID:1336072

Zhou, Yong-Ning ^[1]; Yue, Ji-Li ^[2]; Hu, Enyuan ^[3]; Li, Hong ^[4]; Gu, Lin ^[4]; Nam, Kyung-Wan ^[5]; Bak, Seong-Min ^[3]; Yu, Xiqian ^[3]; Liu, Jue ^[3]; Bai, Jianming ^[6]; Dooryhee, Eric ^[6]; Fu, Zheng-Wen ^[2]; Yang, Xiao-Qing ^[3]

Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China). Department of Materials Science; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Department of Chemistry
Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China). Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry & Laser Chemistry Institute
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Department of Chemistry
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Electron Microscopy, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics
Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul (Republic of Korea). Department of Energy and Materials Engineering
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II

Using fast time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction, charge-rate dependent phase transition processes of layer structured cathode material LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ for lithium-ion batteries are studied. During first charge, intermediate phases emerge at high rates of 10C, 30C, and 60C, but not at low rates of 0.1C and 1C. These intermediate phases can be continuously observed during relaxation after the charging current is switched off. After half-way charging at high rate, sample studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy shows Li-rich and Li-poor phases' coexistence with tetrahedral occupation of Li in Li-poor phase. Also, the high rate induced overpotential is thought to be the driving force for the formation of this intermediate Li-poor phase. The in situ quick X-ray absorption results show that the oxidation of Ni accelerates with increasing charging rate and the Ni⁴⁺ state can be reached at the end of charge with 30C rate. Finally, these results give new insights in the understanding of the layered cathodes during high-rate charging.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC02-98CH10886; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1336072

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1332563

Report Number(s):: BNL--112452-2016-JA; VT1201000

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 6; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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