skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: The Two-Column Aerosol Project: Phase I-Overview and impact of elevated aerosol layers on aerosol optical depth

Journal Article · · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023848· OSTI ID:1336066
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [1];  [5];  [3];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [6];  [7];  [5];  [6];  [6];  [8];  [8];  [9] more »;  [10];  [11];  [12];  [13];  [6];  [3];  [5];  [5];  [14];  [15];  [6];  [6];  [15];  [14];  [6];  [16];  [6];  [13];  [6];  [6] « less
  1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (United States)
  2. University of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States)
  3. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
  4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY (United States)
  5. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States)
  6. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  7. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
  8. McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada). Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
  9. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
  10. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  11. Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (United States). Institute of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences
  12. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO (United States)
  13. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
  14. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  15. NASA ARC-CREST BAER, Moffett Field, CA (United States)
  16. National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore, Wellfleet, MA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Abstract The Two‐Column Aerosol Project (TCAP), conducted from June 2012 through June 2013, was a unique study designed to provide a comprehensive data set that can be used to investigate a number of important climate science questions, including those related to aerosol mixing state and aerosol radiative forcing. The study was designed to sample the atmosphere between and within two atmospheric columns; one fixed near the coast of North America (over Cape Cod, MA) and a second moveable column over the Atlantic Ocean several hundred kilometers from the coast. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF) was deployed at the base of the Cape Cod column, and the ARM Aerial Facility was utilized for the summer and winter intensive observation periods. One important finding from TCAP is that four of six nearly cloud‐free flight days had aerosol layers aloft in both the Cape Cod and maritime columns that were detected using the nadir pointing second‐generation NASA high‐spectral resolution lidar (HSRL‐2). These layers contributed up to 60% of the total observed aerosol optical depth (AOD). Many of these layers were also intercepted by the aircraft configured for in situ sampling, and the aerosol in the layers was found to have increased amounts of biomass burning material and nitrate compared to aerosol found near the surface. In addition, while there was a great deal of spatial and day‐to‐day variability in the aerosol chemical composition and optical properties, no systematic differences between the two columns were observed.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704; SC0006080; AC06-76RL01830; DE‐A06‐76RLO 1830
OSTI ID:
1336066
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1402316
Report Number(s):
BNL-112440-2016-JA; R&D Project: 2016-BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000
Journal Information:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 1; ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 26 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (67)

Characterization of the seasonal cycle of south Asian aerosols: A regional-scale modeling analysis journal January 2007
Elemental Analysis of Organic Species with Electron Ionization High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry journal November 2007
Submicron aerosol composition at Trinidad Head, California, during ITCT 2K2: Its relationship with gas phase volatile organic carbon and assessment of instrument performance: SUBMICRON AEROSOL COMPOSITION journal July 2004
Structure and formation of the highly stable marine boundary layer over the Gulf of Maine: HIGHLY STABLE MARINE BOUNDARY LAYER journal November 2006
Overview of the Cumulus Humilis Aerosol Processing Study journal November 2009
Observations of the first aerosol indirect effect in shallow cumuli: FIRST AEROSOL INDIRECT EFFECT IN CUMULI journal February 2011
Evaluation of a Modified Scheme for Shallow Convection: Implementation of CuP and Case Studies journal January 2013
A new WRF-Chem treatment for studying regional-scale impacts of cloud processes on aerosol and trace gases in parameterized cumuli journal January 2015
The influence of fog and airmass history on aerosol optical, physical and chemical properties at Pt. Reyes National Seashore journal May 2011
State of the Climate in 2012 journal August 2013
Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review journal January 2006
The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART-WRF version 3.0 journal January 2013
Quantifying above-cloud aerosol using spaceborne lidar for improved understanding of cloudy-sky direct climate forcing journal January 2008
Size distributions and mixtures of dust and black carbon aerosol in Asian outflow: Physiochemistry and optical properties journal January 2004
The CU ground MAX-DOAS instrument: characterization of RMS noise limitations and first measurements near Pensacola, FL of BrO, IO, and CHOCHO journal January 2011
Submicron particles at Thompson Farm during ICARTT measured using aerosol mass spectrometry journal January 2008
Field-Deployable, High-Resolution, Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer journal December 2006
Spectrometer for Sky-Scanning Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (4STAR): Instrument Technology journal August 2013
International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT): North America to Europe-Overview of the 2004 summer field study: OVERVIEW journal December 2006
First measurements of the Twomey indirect effect using ground-based remote sensors: SURFACE REMOTE SENSING OF THE INDIRECT EFFECT journal March 2003
Airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar for profiling aerosol optical properties journal January 2008
Chemical apportionment of aerosol column optical depth off the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States journal November 1997
Comparison of observed and modeled direct aerosol forcing during TARFOX journal January 1999
An overview of the University of Washington airborne measurements and results from the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX) journal January 1999
Development of an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer for Size and Composition Analysis of Submicron Particles journal July 2000
Ambient aerosol sampling using the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer journal January 2003
A One-Dimensional Entraining/Detraining Plume Model and Its Application in Convective Parameterization journal December 1990
Do diurnal aerosol changes affect daily average radiative forcing?: DIURNAL AEROSOL CHANGES AND FORCING journal June 2013
Simultaneous retrieval of effective refractive index and density from size distribution and light-scattering data: weakly absorbing aerosol journal January 2014
Airborne Aerosol in Situ Measurements during TCAP: A Closure Study of Total Scattering journal July 2015
Simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and cloud properties during the MILAGRO field campaign journal January 2011
Simulation of semi-explicit mechanisms of SOA formation from glyoxal in aerosol in a 3-D model journal January 2014
Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties journal December 2013
Evaluation of gridded Scanning ARM Cloud Radar reflectivity observations and vertical Doppler velocity retrievals journal January 2013
East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Regional Climate (EAST-AIRC): An overview journal January 2011
Toward a minimal representation of aerosols in climate models: description and evaluation in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5 journal January 2012
Effects of Mixing State on Black Carbon Measurements by Laser-Induced Incandescence journal March 2007
Airborne multiwavelength High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL-2) observations during TCAP 2012: vertical profiles of optical and microphysical properties of a smoke/urban haze plume over the northeastern coast of the US journal January 2014
Single-particle mass spectrometry of tropospheric aerosol particles: TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL PARTICLES journal September 2006
Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations journal January 2013
Reactive nitrogen transport and photochemistry in urban plumes over the North Atlantic Ocean: NITRIC ACID TRANSPORT AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY journal August 2006
The CU 2-D-MAX-DOAS instrument – Part 1: Retrieval of 3-D distributions of NO 2 and azimuth-dependent OVOC ratios journal January 2015
Impacts of sources and aging on submicrometer aerosol properties in the marine boundary layer across the Gulf of Maine: IMPACTS OF SOURCES AND AGING ON AEROSOLS journal December 2006
Case studies of the vertical structure of the direct shortwave aerosol radiative forcing during TARFOX journal April 2000
Retrieving the vertical structure of the effective aerosol complex index of refraction from a combination of aerosol in situ and remote sensing measurements during TARFOX journal April 2000
NASA LaRC airborne high spectral resolution lidar aerosol measurements during MILAGRO: observations and validation journal January 2009
Aerosol properties and radiative effects in the United States East Coast haze plume: An overview of the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX) journal January 1999
Aerosol-induced radiative flux changes off the United States mid-Atlantic coast: Comparison of values calculated from sunphotometer and in situ data with those measured by airborne pyranometer journal January 1999
Black carbon vertical profiles strongly affect its radiative forcing uncertainty journal January 2013
Radiative forcing by aerosols as derived from the AeroCom present-day and pre-industrial simulations journal January 2006
Single-particle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere journal January 2006
Determination of and evidence for non-core-shell structure of particles containing black carbon using the Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2): NON-CORE-SHELL STRUCTURE OF BC PARTICLES journal March 2012
Tracking elevated pollution layers with a newly developed hyperspectral Sun/Sky spectrometer (4STAR): Results from the TCAP 2012 and 2013 campaigns: Tracking elevated pollution layers journal March 2014
Four years of continuous surface aerosol measurements from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Testbed site journal September 2001
Hyperspectral aerosol optical depths from TCAP flights: HYPERSPECTRAL AOD FROM TCAP FLIGHTS journal November 2013
Overview of observations from the RADAGAST experiment in Niamey, Niger: Meteorology and thermodynamic variables journal January 2008
An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology book January 1988
Airborne measurements of carbonaceous aerosol soluble in water over northeastern United States: Method development and an investigation into water-soluble organic carbon sources: AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS OF WSOC journal November 2006
Inherent calibration of a blue LED-CE-DOAS instrument to measure iodine oxide, glyoxal, methyl glyoxal, nitrogen dioxide, water vapour and aerosol extinction in open cavity mode journal January 2010
Instrument intercomparison of glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and NO 2 under simulated atmospheric conditions journal January 2015
Extending the Capabilities of Single Particle Mass Spectrometry: I. Measurements of Aerosol Number Concentration, Size Distribution, and Asphericity journal January 2011
Extending the Capabilities of Single Particle Mass Spectrometry: II. Measurements of Aerosol Particle Density without DMA journal January 2011
Aircraft measurements of BrO, IO, glyoxal, NO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 –O 2 and aerosol extinction profiles in the tropics: comparison with aircraft-/ship-based in situ and lidar measurements journal January 2015
Nighttime chemical evolution of aerosol and trace gases in a power plant plume: Implications for secondary organic nitrate and organosulfate aerosol formation, NO 3 radical chemistry, and N 2 O 5 heterogeneous hydrolysis journal January 2010
SPLAT II: An Aircraft Compatible, Ultra-Sensitive, High Precision Instrument for In-Situ Characterization of the Size and Composition of Fine and Ultrafine Particles journal April 2009
Airborne Single Particle Mass Spectrometers (SPLAT II & miniSPLAT) and New Software for Data Visualization and Analysis in a Geo-Spatial Context journal January 2015
Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes: UBIQUITY AND DOMINANCE OF OXYGENATED OA journal July 2007

Cited By (7)

Retrieval of Atmospheric Fine Particulate Density Based on Merging Particle Size Distribution Measurements: Multi‐instrument Observation and Quality Control at Shouxian journal November 2018
Deriving brown carbon from multiwavelength absorption measurements: method and application to AERONET and Aethalometer observations journal January 2016
Combining airborne in situ and ground-based lidar measurements for attribution of aerosol layers journal January 2018
Estimating cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations using aerosol optical properties: role of particle number size distribution and parameterization journal January 2019
Aerosol properties and their influences on low warm clouds during the Two-Column Aerosol Project journal January 2019
Combining airborne in situ and ground-based lidar measurements for attribution of aerosol layers journal January 2018
Aerosol Properties and Their Influences on Low Warm Clouds during the Two-Column Aerosol Project posted_content February 2019

Similar Records

The Two-Column Aerosol Project: Phase I - Overview and Impact of Elevated Aerosol Layers on Aerosol Optical Depth
Journal Article · Fri Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres), 121(1):336-361 · OSTI ID:1336066
+37 more
Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) Field Campaign Report
Technical Report · Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · OSTI ID:1336066
Collaborative research. Study of aerosol sources and processing at the GVAX Pantnagar Supersite
Technical Report · Mon Aug 13 00:00:00 EDT 2012 · OSTI ID:1336066

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES