Nanocrystalline hexagonal diamond formed from glassy carbon

Shiell, Thomas. B.; McCulloch, Dougal G.; Bradby, Jodie E.; Haberl, Bianca; Boehler, Reinhard; McKenzie, David. R.

doi:10.1038/srep37232

Nanocrystalline hexagonal diamond formed from glassy carbon

Journal Article · Tue Nov 29 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37232· OSTI ID:1334487

Shiell, Thomas. B. ^[1]; McCulloch, Dougal G. ^[2]; Bradby, Jodie E. ^[1]; Haberl, Bianca ^[3]; Boehler, Reinhard ^[4]; McKenzie, David. R. ^[5]

The Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
RMIT Univ., Melbourne, VIC (Australia)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Carnegie Institute of Washington, Washington, D.C. (United States)
The Univ. of Sydney, NSW (Australia)

Carbon exhibits a large number of allotropes and its phase behaviour is still subject to signifcant uncertainty and intensive research. The hexagonal form of diamond, also known as lonsdaleite, was discovered in the Canyon Diablo meteorite where its formation was attributed to the extreme conditions experienced during the impact. However, it has recently been claimed that lonsdaleite does not exist as a well-defned material but is instead defective cubic diamond formed under high pressure and high temperature conditions. Here we report the synthesis of almost pure lonsdaleite in a diamond anvil cell at 100GPa and 400 C. The nanocrystalline material was recovered at ambient and analysed using difraction and high resolution electron microscopy. We propose that the transformation is the result of intense radial plastic fow under compression in the diamond anvil cell, which lowers the energy barrier by locking in favourable stackings of graphene sheets. This strain induced transformation of the graphitic planes of the precursor to hexagonal diamond is supported by frst principles calculations of transformation pathways and explains why the new phase is found in an annular region. Furthermore, our findings establish that high purity lonsdaleite is readily formed under strain and hence does not require meteoritic impacts.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Energy Frontier Research in Extreme Environments (EFree); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0001057

OSTI ID:: 1334487

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1334812

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Journal Name: Scientific Reports Vol. 6; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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