Pathways to exotic metastable silicon allotropes

Haberl, Bianca; Strobel, Timothy A.; Bradby, Jodie E.

doi:10.1063/1.4962984

Title: Pathways to exotic metastable silicon allotropes

Journal Article · Tue Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Applied Physics Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962984· OSTI ID:1334483

^[1]; Strobel, Timothy A. ^[2]; Bradby, Jodie E. ^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. (United States)
The Australian National Univ., Canberra (Australia)

The Group 14 element silicon possesses a complex free-energy landscape with many (local) minima, allowing for the formation of a variety of unusual structures, some of which may be stabilized at ambient conditions. Such exotic silicon allotropes represent a significant opportunity to address the ever-increasing demand for novel materials with tailored functionality since these exotic forms are expected to exhibit superlative properties including optimized band gaps for solar power conversion. The application of pressure is a well-recognized and uniquely powerful method to access exotic states of silicon since it promotes large changes to atomic bonding. Conventional high-pressure syntheses, however, lack the capability to access many of these local minima and only four forms of exotic silicon allotropes have been recovered over the last 50 years. However, more recently, signifi- cant advances in high pressure methodologies and the use of novel precursor materials have yielded at least three more recoverable exotic Si structures. This review aims to give an overview of these innovative methods of high-pressure application and precursor selection and the recent discoveries of new Si allotropes. The background context of the conventional pressure methods and multitude of predicted new phases are also provided. Furthermore, this review also offers a perspective for possible access to many further exotic functional allotropes not only of silicon but also of other materials, in a technologically feasible manner

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Spallation Neutron Source (SNS); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Energy Frontier Research in Extreme Environments (EFree)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0001057

OSTI ID:: 1334483

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1349134

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 3, Issue 4; ISSN 1931-9401

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 57 works

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