Laser weldability of 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn stainless steel: Part I - Impurity effects and solidifcation mode

Journal Article · Wed Nov 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Welding Journal

OSTI ID:1331277

Tate, Stephen B. ^[1]; Javernick, Daniel Anthony ^[2]; Lienert, Thomas J. ^[2]; Liu, Stephen ^[3]

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1. AK Steel, Butler County, OH (United States)
2. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
3. Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

For laser welded type 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn (21-6-9) stainless steels, the relationship between solidification cracking susceptibility and chemical composition was examined, and primary solidification mode (PSM) diagrams were developed to predict solidification mode. Sigmajig testing was used with experimental heats of type 21-6-9 to determine the effect of P and S on solidification cracking w hen primary austenite solidification occurred. Phosphorus showed a larger influence on solidification cracking relative to S, and a relationship of (P+0.2S ) was found for total impurity content. PSM diagrams to predict solidification mode were developed by analyzing welds made at three travel speeds for a wide range of 21-6-9 alloys and some other similar alloys. The minimum Cr_eq/Ni_eq required for primary ferrite solidification increased as travel speed increased, with more alloys showing primary austenite solidification at higher travel rates. Furthermore, as travel speed increased from 21 to 85 mm/s, the average solidification rate increased from 6 to 25 mm/s.

• Research Organization: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• Grant/Contract Number: AC52-06NA25396
• OSTI ID: 1331277
• Report Number(s): LA-UR-16-21510
• Journal Information: Welding Journal, Vol. 95, Issue 10; ISSN 0043-2296
• Publisher: American Welding Society
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
21-6-9
Nitronic 40
laser welding