Time-resolved femtosecond x-ray diffraction patterns from laser-excited molecular iodine are used to create a movie of intramolecular motion with a temporal and spatial resolution of 30 fs and 0.3 Å. This high fidelity is due to interference between the nonstationary excitation and the stationary initial charge distribution. The initial state is used as the local oscillator for heterodyne amplification of the excited charge distribution to retrieve real-space movies of atomic motion on ångstrom and femtosecond scales. This x-ray interference has not been employed to image internal motion in molecules before. In conclusion, coherent vibrational motion and dispersion, dissociation, and rotational dephasing are all clearly visible in the data, thereby demonstrating the stunning sensitivity of heterodyne methods.
Glownia, J. M., et al. "Self-referenced coherent diffraction x-ray movie of Ångstrom- and femtosecond-scale atomic motion." Physical Review Letters, vol. 117, no. 15, Oct. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153003
Glownia, J. M., Natan, A., Cryan, J. P., Hartsock, R., Kozina, M., Minitti, M. P., Nelson, S., Robinson, J., Sato, T., van Driel, T., Welch, G., Weninger, C., Zhu, D., & Bucksbaum, P. H. (2016). Self-referenced coherent diffraction x-ray movie of Ångstrom- and femtosecond-scale atomic motion. Physical Review Letters, 117(15). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153003
Glownia, J. M., Natan, A., Cryan, J. P., et al., "Self-referenced coherent diffraction x-ray movie of Ångstrom- and femtosecond-scale atomic motion," Physical Review Letters 117, no. 15 (2016), https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153003
@article{osti_1331202,
author = {Glownia, J. M. and Natan, A. and Cryan, J. P. and Hartsock, R. and Kozina, M. and Minitti, M. P. and Nelson, S. and Robinson, J. and Sato, T. and van Driel, T. and others},
title = {Self-referenced coherent diffraction x-ray movie of Ångstrom- and femtosecond-scale atomic motion},
annote = {Time-resolved femtosecond x-ray diffraction patterns from laser-excited molecular iodine are used to create a movie of intramolecular motion with a temporal and spatial resolution of 30 fs and 0.3 Å. This high fidelity is due to interference between the nonstationary excitation and the stationary initial charge distribution. The initial state is used as the local oscillator for heterodyne amplification of the excited charge distribution to retrieve real-space movies of atomic motion on ångstrom and femtosecond scales. This x-ray interference has not been employed to image internal motion in molecules before. In conclusion, coherent vibrational motion and dispersion, dissociation, and rotational dephasing are all clearly visible in the data, thereby demonstrating the stunning sensitivity of heterodyne methods.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153003},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1331202},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
issn = {ISSN PRLTAO},
number = {15},
volume = {117},
place = {United States},
publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
year = {2016},
month = {10}}
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