Enhancement of Extraction of Uranium from Seawater

Technical Report · Fri Apr 01 04:00:00 EDT 2016

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1329194· OSTI ID:1329194

Al-Sheikhly, Mohamad ^[1]; Dietz, Travis ^[2]; Tsinas, Zois ^[2]; Tomaszewski, Claire ^[2]; Pazos, Ileana M. ^[2]; Nigliazzo, Olga ^[3]; Li, Weixing ^[3]; Adel-Hadadi, Mohamad ^[2]; Barkatt, Aaron ^[4]

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1. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Nuclear Energy University Programs
2. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
3. The Catholic Univ. of America, Washington, DC (United States)
4. Univ. of Palermo (Italy)

Even at a concentration of 3 μg/L, the world’s oceans contain a thousand times more uranium than currently know terrestrial sources. In order to take advantage of this stockpile, methods and materials must be developed to extract it efficiently, a difficult task considering the very low concentration of the element and the competition for extraction by other atoms in seawater such as sodium, calcium, and vanadium. The majority of current research on methods to extract uranium from seawater are vertical explorations of the grafting of amidoxime ligand, which was originally discovered and promoted by Japanese studies in the late 1980s. Our study expands on this research horizontally by exploring the effectiveness of novel uranium extraction ligands grafted to the surface of polymer substrates using radiation. Through this expansion, a greater understanding of uranium binding chemistry and radiation grafting effects on polymers has been obtained. While amidoxime-functionalized fabrics have been shown to have the greatest extraction efficiency so far, they suffer from an extensive chemical processing step which involves treatment with powerful basic solutions. Not only does this add to the chemical waste produced in the extraction process and add to the method’s complexity, but it also significantly impacts the regenerability of the amidoxime fabric. The approach of this project has been to utilize alternative, commercially available monomers capable of extracting uranium and containing a carbon-carbon double bond to allow it to be grafted using radiation, specifically phosphate, oxalate, and azo monomers. The use of commercially available monomers and radiation grafting with electron beam or gamma irradiation will allow for an easily scalable fabrication process once the technology has been optimized. The need to develop a cheap and reliable method for extracting uranium from seawater is extremely valuable to energy independence and will extend the quantity of uranium available to the nuclear power industry far into the future. The development of this technology will also promote science in relation to the extraction of other elements from seawater which could expand the known stockpiles of other highly desirable materials.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE). Nuclear Energy University Programs
• Contributing Organization: The Catholic Univ. of America, Washington, DC (United States); Univ. of Palermo (Italy)
• DOE Contract Number: AC07-05ID14517
• OSTI ID: 1329194
• Report Number(s): 13--4999; 13-4999
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
CARBON
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CHEMISTRY
DOUBLE BONDS
ELECTRON BEAMS
EXTRACTION
GAMMA RADIATION
GRAFT POLYMERS
LIGANDS
MONOMERS
OXALATES
PHOSPHATES
POLYMERIZATION
SEAWATER
SUBSTRATES
SURFACES
URANIUM