Anionic polymerization of oxadiazole-containing 2-vinylpyridine by precisely tuning nucleophilicity and the polyelectrolyte characteristics of the resulting polymers

Goodwin, Andrew; Goodwin, Kimberly M.; Wang, Weiyu; Yu, Yong -Guen; Lee, Jae -Suk; Mahurin, Shannon M.; Dai, Sheng; Mays, Jimmy W.; Kang, Nam -Goo

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00875

Anionic polymerization of oxadiazole-containing 2-vinylpyridine by precisely tuning nucleophilicity and the polyelectrolyte characteristics of the resulting polymers

Journal Article · Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Macromolecules

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00875· OSTI ID:1329158

Goodwin, Andrew ^[1]; Goodwin, Kimberly M. ^[1]; Wang, Weiyu ^[1]; Yu, Yong -Guen ^[2]; Lee, Jae -Suk ^[2]; Mahurin, Shannon M. ^[3]; Dai, Sheng ^[4]; Mays, Jimmy W. ^[4]; Kang, Nam -Goo ^[1]

Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju (Korea)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Anionic polymerization is one of the most powerful techniques for preparation of well-defined polymers. However, this well-known and widely employed polymerization technique encounters major limitations for the polymerization of functional monomers containing heteroatoms. This work presents the anionic polymerization of 2-phenyl-5-(6-vinylpyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (VPyOzP), a heteroatom monomer that contains both oxadiazole and pyridine substituents within the same pendant group, using various initiating systems based on diphenylmethyl potassium (DPM-K) and triphenylmethyl potassium (TPM-K). Remarkably, well-defined poly(2-phenyl-5-(6-vinylpyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole) (PVPyOzP) polymers having predicted molecular weights (MW) ranging from 2200 to 21 100 g/mol and polydispersity indices (PDI) ranging from 1.11 to 1.15 were prepared with TPM-K, without any additional additives, at –78 °C. The effect of temperature on the polymerization of PVPyOzP was also studied at –78, –45, 0, and 25 °C, and it was observed that increasing the polymerization temperature produced materials with unpredictable MW’s and broader molecular weight distributions. Furthermore, the nucleophilicity of PVPyOzP was investigated through copolymerization with methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile, where only living poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) prepared by DPM-K/VPPy and in the absence of additives such as lithium chloride (LiCl) and diethyl zinc (ZnEt₂) could be used to produce the well-defined block copolymer of PMMA-b-PVPyOzP. It was also demonstrated by sequential monomer addition that the nucleophilicity of living PVPyOzP is located between that of living PMMA and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Here, the pyridine moiety of the pendant group also allowed for quaternization and produced PQVPyOzP homopolymer using methyl iodide (CH₃I) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide [Tf₂N^–]. The resulting charged polymer and counterion complexes were manipulated and investigated for potential use as membranes for carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1329158

Journal Information:: Macromolecules, Journal Name: Macromolecules Journal Issue: 17 Vol. 49; ISSN 0024-9297

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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