An observational constraint on stomatal function in forests: evaluating coupled carbon and water vapor exchange with carbon isotopes in the Community Land Model (CLM4.5)

Raczka, Brett; Duarte, Henrique F.; Koven, Charles D.; Ricciuto, Daniel; Thornton, Peter E.; Lin, John C.; Bowling, David R.

doi:10.5194/bg-13-5183-2016

Title: An observational constraint on stomatal function in forests: evaluating coupled carbon and water vapor exchange with carbon isotopes in the Community Land Model (CLM4.5)

Journal Article · Mon Sep 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Biogeosciences (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5183-2016· OSTI ID:1328465

Raczka, Brett; Duarte, Henrique F.;

;

; Thornton, Peter E.;

;

Land surface models are useful tools to quantify contemporary and future climate impact on terrestrial carbon cycle processes, provided they can be appropriately constrained and tested with observations. Stable carbon isotopes of CO₂ offer the potential to improve model representation of the coupled carbon and water cycles because they are strongly influenced by stomatal function. Recently, a representation of stable carbon isotope discrimination was incorporated into the Community Land Model component of the Community Earth System Model. Here, we tested the model's capability to simulate whole-forest isotope discrimination in a subalpine conifer forest at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA. We distinguished between isotopic behavior in response to a decrease of δ¹³C within atmospheric CO₂ (Suess effect) vs. photosynthetic discrimination (Δ_canopy), by creating a site-customized atmospheric CO₂ and δ¹³C of CO₂ time series. We implemented a seasonally varying V_cmax model calibration that best matched site observations of net CO₂ carbon exchange, latent heat exchange, and biomass. The model accurately simulated observed δ¹³C of needle and stem tissue, but underestimated the δ¹³C of bulk soil carbon by 1–2 ‰. The model overestimated the multiyear (2006–2012) average Δ_canopy relative to prior data-based estimates by 2–4 ‰. The amplitude of the average seasonal cycle of Δ_canopy (i.e., higher in spring/fall as compared to summer) was correctly modeled but only when using a revised, fully coupled A_n-g_s (net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance) version of the model in contrast to the partially coupled A_n-g_s version used in the default model. The model attributed most of the seasonal variation in discrimination to Asub>n, whereas interannual variation in simulated Δ_canopy during the summer months was driven by stomatal response to vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The model simulated a 10 % increase in both photosynthetic discrimination and water-use efficiency (WUE) since 1850 which is counter to established relationships between discrimination and WUE. The isotope observations used here to constrain CLM suggest (1) the model overestimated stomatal conductance and (2) the default CLM approach to representing nitrogen limitation (partially coupled model) was not capable of reproducing observed trends in discrimination. These findings demonstrate that isotope observations can provide important information related to stomatal function driven by environmental stress from VPD and nitrogen limitation. Future versions of CLM that incorporate carbon isotope discrimination are likely to benefit from explicit inclusion of mesophyll conductance.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010625; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1328465

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1377494; OSTI ID: 1425449; OSTI ID: 1425450; OSTI ID: 1425451

Journal Information:: Biogeosciences (Online), Journal Name: Biogeosciences (Online) Vol. 13 Journal Issue: 18; ISSN 1726-4189

Publisher:: Copernicus Publications, EGUCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 31 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (77)

Forest water use and water use efficiency at elevated CO ₂ : a model-data intercomparison at two contrasting temperate forest FACE sites De Kauwe, Martin G.; Medlyn, Belinda E.; Zaehle, Sönke Global Change Biology, Vol. 19, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12164	journal	March 2013
Carbon isotope discrimination indicates improving water-use efficiency of trees in northern Eurasia over the last 100 years Saurer, Matthias; Siegwolf, Rolf T. W.; Schweingruber, Fritz H. Global Change Biology, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00869.x	journal	December 2004
Pulse-labelling trees to study carbon allocation dynamics: a review of methods, current knowledge and future prospects Epron, D.; Bahn, M.; Derrien, D. Tree Physiology, Vol. 32, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps057	journal	June 2012
Photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination and its relationship to the carbon isotope signals of stem, soil and ecosystem respiration Wingate, Lisa; Ogée, Jérôme; Burlett, Régis New Phytologist, Vol. 188, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03384.x	journal	July 2010
Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO2 from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches Katul, G. G.; Ellsworth, D. S.; Lai, C. -T. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 23, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00641.x	journal	December 2000
Increased water-use efficiency during the 20th century did not translate into enhanced tree growth: Tree growth in the 20th century Peñuelas, Josep; Canadell, Josep G.; Ogaya, Romà Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 20, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00608.x	journal	November 2010
Influence of carbon-nitrogen cycle coupling on land model response to CO ₂ fertilization and climate variability : INFLUENCE OF CARBON-NITROGEN COUPLING Thornton, Peter E.; Lamarque, Jean-François; Rosenbloom, Nan A. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002868	journal	December 2007
Seasonal pattern of regional carbon balance in the central Rocky Mountains from surface and airborne measurements Desai, Ankur R.; Moore, David J. P.; Ahue, William K. M. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue G4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001655	journal	January 2011
Novel applications of carbon isotopes in atmospheric CO ₂ : what can atmospheric measurements teach us about processes in the biosphere? Ballantyne, A. P.; Miller, J. B.; Baker, I. T. Biogeosciences, Vol. 8, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3093-2011	journal	January 2011
Longer growing seasons lead to less carbon sequestration by a subalpine forest Hu, Jia; Moore, David J. P.; Burns, Sean P. Global Change Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01967.x	journal	February 2010
Analysis of Factors Controlling Soil Organic Matter Levels in Great Plains Grasslands1 Parton, W. J.; Schimel, D. S.; Cole, C. V. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 51, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100050015x	journal	January 1987
On the Relationship Between Carbon Isotope Discrimination and the Intercellular Carbon Dioxide Concentration in Leaves Farquhar, Gd; O'Leary, Mh; Berry, Ja Functional Plant Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9820121	journal	January 1982
Spatial variability and temporal trends in water-use efficiency of European forests Saurer, Matthias; Spahni, Renato; Frank, David C. Global Change Biology, Vol. 20, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12717	journal	September 2014
Carbon sequestration studied in western U.S. mountains Schimel, David; Kittel, Timothy G. F.; Running, Steven Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 83, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002EO000314	journal	January 2002
A Bayesian calibration of a simple carbon cycle model: The role of observations in estimating and reducing uncertainty: BAYESIAN CARBON CYCLE MODEL CALIBRATION Ricciuto, Daniel M.; Davis, Kenneth J.; Keller, Klaus Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002908	journal	June 2008
Water-use efficiency and transpiration across European forests during the Anthropocene Frank, D. C.; Poulter, B.; Saurer, M. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2614	journal	May 2015
What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2: Tansley review Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P. New Phytologist, Vol. 165, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x	journal	November 2004
High temporal resolution tracing of photosynthate carbon from the tree canopy to forest soil microorganisms Högberg, P.; Högberg, M. N.; Göttlicher, S. G. New Phytologist, Vol. 0, Issue 0 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02238.x	journal	October 2007
A revised 1000 year atmospheric δ ¹³ C-CO ₂ record from Law Dome and South Pole, Antarctica : 1000 YEARS OF ATMOSPHERIC Rubino, M.; Etheridge, D. M.; Trudinger, C. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50668	journal	August 2013
An improved isotopic method for partitioning net ecosystem–atmosphere CO2 exchange Wehr, R.; Saleska, S. R. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 214-215 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.09.009	journal	December 2015
Measuring and modeling ecosystem photosynthesis and the carbon isotope composition of ecosystem-respired CO2 in three boreal coniferous forests Flanagan, Lawrence B.; Cai, Tiebo; Black, T. Andrew Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 153 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.03.001	journal	February 2012
Canopy uptake of atmospheric N deposition at a conifer forest: Part II- response of chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange parameters Tomaszewski, Timothy; Sievering, Herman Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 59, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00265.x	journal	January 2007
Improving the Numerical Solution of Soil Moisture–Based Richards Equation for Land Models with a Deep or Shallow Water Table Zeng, Xubin; Decker, Mark Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM1011.1	journal	February 2009
Stable carbon isotope ratio of tree leaves, boles and fine litter in a tropical forest in Rondônia, Brazil Martinelli, L. A.; Almeida, S.; Brown, I. F. Oecologia, Vol. 114, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050433	journal	April 1998
Environmental and physiological determinants of carbon isotope discrimination in terrestrial plants Cernusak, Lucas A.; Ubierna, Nerea; Winter, Klaus New Phytologist, Vol. 200, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12423	journal	July 2013
Sensitivity of plants to changing atmospheric CO ₂ concentration: from the geological past to the next century Franks, Peter J.; Adams, Mark A.; Amthor, Jeffrey S. New Phytologist, Vol. 197, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12104	journal	January 2013
Carbon isotopes in terrestrial ecosystem pools and CO ₂ fluxes Bowling, David R.; Pataki, Diane E.; Randerson, James T. New Phytologist, Vol. 178, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02342.x	journal	April 2008
Photosynthetic capacity and light harvesting efficiency during the winter-to-spring transition in subalpine conifers Zarter, C. Ryan; Demmig-Adams, Barbara; Ebbert, Volker New Phytologist, Vol. 172, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01816.x	journal	October 2006
Soil carbon stocks in experimental mesocosms are dependent on the rate of labile carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus inputs to soils Bradford, M. A.; Fierer, N.; Reynolds, J. F. Functional Ecology, Vol. 22, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01404.x	journal	December 2008
Carbon sequestration in a high-elevation, subalpine forest Monson, R. K.; Turnipseed, A. A.; Sparks, J. P. Global Change Biology, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00480.x	journal	May 2002
Ecological processes dominate the ¹³ C land disequilibrium in a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest : Niwot Ridge 13C land disequilibrium Bowling, D. R.; Ballantyne, A. P.; Miller, J. B. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GB004686	journal	April 2014
Increase in forest water-use efficiency as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rise Keenan, Trevor F.; Hollinger, David Y.; Bohrer, Gil Nature, Vol. 499, Issue 7458 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12291	journal	July 2013
Tree-ring δ ¹³ C tracks flux tower ecosystem productivity estimates in a NE temperate forest Belmecheri, Soumaya; Maxwell, R. Stockton; Taylor, Alan H. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/7/074011	journal	July 2014
Biosphere model simulations of interannual variability in terrestrial ¹³ C/ ¹² C exchange : TERRESTRIAL van der Velde, I. R.; Miller, J. B.; Schaefer, K. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 27, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20048	journal	July 2013
Carbon Isotope Ratios in Belowground Carbon Cycle Processes Ehleringer, James R.; Buchmann, Nina; Flanagan, Lawrence B. Ecological Applications, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0412:CIRIBC]2.0.CO;2	journal	April 2000
A critical appraisal of a combined stomatal-photosynthesis model for C3 plants Leuning, R. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 18, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00370.x	journal	April 1995
Spatial and temporal controls of soil respiration rate in a high-elevation, subalpine forest Scott-Denton, L. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00007-5	journal	April 2003
A 1000-year high precision record of δ ¹³ C in atmospheric CO ₂ Francey, R. J.; Allison, C. E.; Etheridge, D. M. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 51, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v51i2.16269	journal	January 1999
Evaluating the Community Land Model in a pine stand with shading manipulations and ¹³ CO ₂ labeling Mao, J.; Ricciuto, D. M.; Thornton, P. E. Biogeosciences, Vol. 13, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-641-2016	journal	January 2016
Growth, carbon-isotope discrimination, and drought-associated mortality across a Pinus ponderosa elevational transect: CHRONIC WATER STRESS AND PONDEROSA PINE MORTALITY McDOWELL, Nate G.; Allen, Craig D.; Marshall, Laura Global Change Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01994.x	journal	January 2010
Carbon allocation and carbon isotope fluxes in the plant-soil-atmosphere continuum: a review Brüggemann, N.; Gessler, A.; Kayler, Z. Biogeosciences, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3457-2011	journal	January 2011
Physiological and environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer Collatz, G. James; Ball, J. Timothy; Grivet, Cyril Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 54, Issue 2-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(91)90002-8	journal	April 1991
Monitoring the isotopic composition of atmospheric CO ₂ : Measurements from the NOAA Global Air Sampling Network Trolier, M.; White, J. W. C.; Tans, P. P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 101, Issue D20 https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD02363	journal	November 1996
Combining meteorology, eddy fluxes, isotope measurements, and modeling to understand environmental controls of carbon isotope discrimination at the canopy scale Aranibar, J. N.; Berry, J. A.; Riley, W. J. Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01121.x	journal	April 2006
Tobacco aquaporin NtAQP1 is involved in mesophyll conductance to CO ₂ in vivo Flexas, Jaume; Ribas-Carbó, Miquel; Hanson, David T. The Plant Journal, Vol. 48, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02879.x	journal	November 2006
Simulations show decreasing carbon stocks and potential for carbon emissions in Rocky Mountain forests over the next century Boisvenue, Céline; Running, Steven W. Ecological Applications, Vol. 20, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0504.1	journal	July 2010
The effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen fertilization on stomatal conductance estimated from 11 years of scaled sap flux measurements at Duke FACE Ward, E. J.; Oren, R.; Bell, D. M. Tree Physiology, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps118	journal	December 2012
Evaluation of 11 terrestrial carbon-nitrogen cycle models against observations from two temperate Free-Air CO ₂ Enrichment studies Zaehle, Sönke; Medlyn, Belinda E.; De Kauwe, Martin G. New Phytologist, Vol. 202, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12697	journal	January 2014
Carbon–Concentration and Carbon–Climate Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models Arora, Vivek K.; Boer, George J.; Friedlingstein, Pierre Journal of Climate, Vol. 26, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00494.1	journal	August 2013
Climate and interannual variability of the atmosphere-biosphere ¹³ CO ₂ flux : ATMOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE Scholze, M.; Kaplan, J. O.; Knorr, W. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015631	journal	January 2003
Modeling and measuring the effects of disturbance history and climate on carbon and water budgets in evergreen needleleaf forests Thornton, P. E.; Law, B. E.; Gholz, Henry L. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 113, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00108-9	journal	December 2002
Mesophyll conductance to CO ₂ : current knowledge and future prospects Flexas, Jaume; Ribas-CarbÓ, Miquel; Diaz-Espejo, Antonio Plant, Cell & Environment, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01757.x	journal	May 2008
Mountain Pine Beetle Develops an Unprecedented Summer Generation in Response to Climate Warming Mitton, Jeffry B.; Ferrenberg, Scott M. The American Naturalist, Vol. 179, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1086/665007	journal	May 2012
Representing leaf and root physiological traits in CLM improves global carbon and nitrogen cycling predictions: LEAF AND ROOT TRAITS IN CLM Ghimire, Bardan; Riley, William J.; Koven, Charles D. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015MS000538	journal	May 2016
ForCent model development and testing using the Enriched Background Isotope Study experiment Parton, William J.; Hanson, Paul J.; Swanston, Chris Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, Issue G4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JG001193	journal	January 2010
Photosynthesis, carbohydrate levels and chlorophyll fluorescence-estimated intercellular CO2 in water-stressed Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. & Forst. SAnchez-RodrIguez, J.; PErez, P.; MartInez-Carrasco, R. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 22, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00447.x	journal	July 1999
Climatic influences on net ecosystem CO2 exchange during the transition from wintertime carbon source to springtime carbon sink in a high-elevation, subalpine forest Monson, Russell K.; Sparks, Jed P.; Rosenstiel, Todd N. Oecologia, Vol. 146, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0169-2	journal	August 2005
On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis Global Change Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x	journal	September 2005
Climate–Carbon Cycle Feedback Analysis: Results from the C ⁴ MIP Model Intercomparison Friedlingstein, P.; Cox, P.; Betts, R. Journal of Climate, Vol. 19, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3800.1	journal	July 2006
Ecosystem model spin-up: Estimating steady state conditions in a coupled terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycle model Thornton, Peter E.; Rosenbloom, Nan A. Ecological Modelling, Vol. 189, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.04.008	journal	November 2005
Apparent seasonal cycle in isotopic discrimination of carbon in the atmosphere and biosphere due to vapor pressure deficit: SEASONAL ISOTOPIC DISCRIMINATION OF CO2 Ballantyne, A. P.; Miller, J. B.; Tans, P. P. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GB003623	journal	September 2010
Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation: SEPARATION OF NEE INTO GPP AND RECO Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario Global Change Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x	journal	January 2010
Fluorescence Parameters Measured Concurrently with Net Photosynthesis to Investigate Chloroplastic CO2 Concentration in Leaves of Quercus ilex L. Di Marco, Giorgio; Manes, Fausto; Tricoli, Domenico Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 136, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(11)80210-5	journal	August 1990
Carbon isotopes and water use efficiency: sense and sensitivity Seibt, Ulli; Rajabi, Abazar; Griffiths, Howard Oecologia, Vol. 155, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0932-7	journal	January 2008
Variation in water potential, hydraulic characteristics and water source use in montane Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine trees in southwestern Alberta and consequences for seasonal changes in photosynthetic capacity Andrews, S. F.; Flanagan, L. B.; Sharp, E. J. Tree Physiology, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpr136	journal	February 2012
Carbon 13 exchanges between the atmosphere and biosphere Fung, I.; Field, C. B.; Berry, J. A. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/97GB01751	journal	December 1997
Relationship between temperature and the seasonal course of photosynthesis in Scots pine at northern timberline and in southern boreal zone Kolari, Pasi; Lappalainen, Hanna K.; HäNninen, Heikki Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 59, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00262.x	journal	January 2007
Optimal stomatal behaviour around the world Lin, Yan-Shih; Medlyn, Belinda E.; Duursma, Remko A. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2550	journal	March 2015
Global carbon budget 2014 Le Quéré, C.; Moriarty, R.; Andrew, R. M. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-47-2015	journal	January 2015
Long-term field performance of a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for analysis of carbon isotopes of CO ₂ in forest air Schaeffer, S. M.; Miller, J. B.; Vaughn, B. H. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5263-2008	journal	January 2008
Estimating parameters of a forest ecosystem C model with measurements of stocks and fluxes as joint constraints Richardson, Andrew D.; Williams, Mathew; Hollinger, David Y. Oecologia, Vol. 164, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1628-y	journal	April 2010
Estimating diurnal to annual ecosystem parameters by synthesis of a carbon flux model with eddy covariance net ecosystem exchange observations Braswell, Bobby H.; Sacks, William J.; Linder, Ernst Global Change Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00897.x	journal	February 2005
Summer precipitation influences the stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of tree-ring cellulose in Pinus ponderosa Roden, J. S.; Ehleringer, J. R. Tree Physiology, Vol. 27, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/27.4.491	journal	April 2007
A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species Farquhar, G. D.; von Caemmerer, S.; Berry, J. A. Planta, Vol. 149, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386231	journal	June 1980
Mechanistic scaling of ecosystem function and dynamics in space and time: Ecosystem Demography model version 2 Medvigy, D.; Wofsy, S. C.; Munger, J. W. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue G1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000812	journal	January 2009
Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Photosynthesis Farquhar, G. D.; Ehleringer, J. R.; Hubick, K. T. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, Vol. 40, Issue 1, p. 503-537 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.40.060189.002443	journal	June 1989
Parameter and prediction uncertainty in an optimized terrestrial carbon cycle model: Effects of constraining variables and data record length Ricciuto, Daniel M.; King, Anthony W.; Dragoni, D. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue G1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001400	journal	January 2011

Similar Records

Evaluating the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) at a coniferous forest site in northwestern United States using flux and carbon-isotope measurements

Journal Article · Thu Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Biogeosciences (Online) · OSTI ID:1328465

Duarte, Henrique F.; Raczka, Brett M.; Ricciuto, Daniel M.; +7 more

Does vapor pressure deficit drive the seasonality of δ ¹³ C of the net land-atmosphere CO ₂ exchange across the United States?: The Influence of VPD on δ ¹³ C of NEE

Journal Article · Thu Aug 10 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences · OSTI ID:1328465

Raczka, B.; Biraud, S. C.; Ehleringer, J. R.; +8 more

Resource use and efficiency, and stomatal responses to environmental drivers of oak and pine species in an Atlantic Coastal Plain forest

Journal Article · Thu May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Frontiers in Plant Science · OSTI ID:1328465

Renninger, Heidi J.; Carlo, Nicholas J.; Clark, Kenneth L.; +1 more

Related Subjects

58 GEOSCIENCES
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Title: An observational constraint on stomatal function in forests: evaluating coupled carbon and water vapor exchange with carbon isotopes in the Community Land Model (CLM4.5)

Citation Formats

References (77)

Similar Records

Related Subjects