Influence of particle size, cycling rate and temperature on the lithiation process of anatase TiO2

Liu, H.; Grey, C. P.

doi:10.1039/c6ta00673f

Influence of particle size, cycling rate and temperature on the lithiation process of anatase TiO₂

Journal Article · Tue Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta00673f· OSTI ID:1326101

Liu, H. ^[1]; Grey, C. P. ^[1]

Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)

The nature of a phase transition plays an important role in controlling the kinetics of reaction of an electrode material in a lithium-ion battery. The actual phase transition path can be affected by particle size and cycling rate. In this study, we investigated the phase transition process during the electrochemical Li intercalation of anatase TiO₂ as a function of particle size (25 nm and 100 nm), cycling rate (1C, 2C, 5C, 10C, 20C) and temperature (room temperature and 80 °C) by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The phase transition was found to be affected by the particle size: the 100 nm particles react simultaneously via a conventional nucleation and growth, i.e. two-phase, mechanism, while the 25 nm particles react sequentially via a two-phase mechanism. The Li miscibility gap decreases with increasing cycling rate, yet the phase separation was not suppressed even at a cycle rate of 20C. An increase in temperature from room temperature to 80 °C significantly improves the electrode's electrochemical performance despite undergoing a two-phase reaction. The failure to observe a continuous structural transition from tetragonal TiO₂ to orthorhombic Li_0.5TiO₂ even at high rates and elevated temperature was attributed to the high energy barrier of a continuous phase transition path.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). NorthEast Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES)

Sponsoring Organization:: Cambridge Overseas Trust; European Union; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; SC0012583

OSTI ID:: 1326101

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1387612

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A Journal Issue: 17 Vol. 4; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

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Cited By (1)

A Coordination Strategy for Ti _x Sn _{1– x} O ₂ Solid Solution Nanocubes Wrapped by Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Candidate for Lithium‐Ion‐Battery Anodes Dong, Yutao; Cai, Jialin; Li, Yongsheng ChemElectroChem, Vol. 5, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201801165	journal	October 2018

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