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Cosmic voids and void lensing in the Dark Energy Survey science verification data

Journal Article · · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Galaxies and their dark matter halos populate a complicated filamentary network around large, nearly empty regions known as cosmic voids. Cosmic voids are usually identified in spectroscopic galaxy surveys, where 3D information about the large-scale structure of the Universe is available. Although an increasing amount of photometric data is being produced, its potential for void studies is limited since photometric redshifts induce line-of-sight position errors of ~50 Mpc/h or more that can render many voids undetectable. In this paper we present a new void finder designed for photometric surveys, validate it using simulations, and apply it to the high-quality photo-z redMaGiC galaxy sample of the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification (DES-SV) data. The algorithm works by projecting galaxies into 2D slices and finding voids in the smoothed 2D galaxy density field of the slice. Fixing the line-of-sight size of the slices to be at least twice the photo- z scatter, the number of voids found in these projected slices of simulated spectroscopic and photometric galaxy catalogs is within 20% for all transverse void sizes, and indistinguishable for the largest voids of radius ~70 Mpc/h and larger. The positions, radii, and projected galaxy profiles of photometric voids also accurately match the spectroscopic void sample. Applying the algorithm to the DES-SV data in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.8 , we identify 87 voids with comoving radii spanning the range 18-120 Mpc/h, and carry out a stacked weak lensing measurement. With a significance of 4.4σ, the lensing measurement confirms the voids are truly underdense in the matter field and hence not a product of Poisson noise, tracer density effects or systematics in the data. In conclusion, it also demonstrates, for the first time in real data, the viability of void lensing studies in photometric surveys.
Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25)
Contributing Organization:
The DES Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515; AC05-00OR22725; SC0012704
OSTI ID:
1324275
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1334785
OSTI ID: 1337861
OSTI ID: 1353173
Report Number(s):
BNL--112544-2016-JA; FERMILAB-PUB--16-173-AE; arXiv:1605.03982; KA2301020
Journal Information:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 465; ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing text January 2017
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Density split statistics: Cosmological constraints from counts and lensing in cells in DES Y1 and SDSS data text January 2017
Weak lensing by voids in weak lensing maps text January 2018
A Zeldovich reconstruction method for measuring redshift space distortions using cosmic voids text January 2018
On the relative bias of void tracers in the Dark Energy Survey text January 2018
Cosmic Voids in Evolving Dark Sector Cosmologies: the High Redshift Universe text January 2018
The Santiago-Harvard-Edinburgh-Durham void comparison II: unveiling the Vainshtein screening using weak lensing text January 2018
More out of less: an excess integrated Sachs-Wolfe signal from supervoids mapped out by the Dark Energy Survey text January 2018
Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: The relationship between mass and light around cosmic voids text January 2019