Effect of lead loss and sheath structure on phase formation and alignment in (Bi,Pb){sub 2}Sr{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 10+{delta}}/Ag composite conductors
Journal Article
·
· Journal of the American Ceramic Society
- Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
The effects of metallic constituent evaporation and sheath structure on grain growth and alignment in silver-sheathed (Bi,Pb){sub 2}Sr{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 10+{delta}} (Bi-2223)/Ag composites have been investigated by inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Specimens of Bi-2223/Ag composites fabricated by the oxide-powder-in-tube technique were peeled (opened) lengthwise to expose the ceramic powder core, and then heat-treated in 0.075 atm of oxygen for selected temperatures and times. The results were compared with those for as-processed samples with closed silver sheaths treated under identical conditions. ICP/AES analysis indicated that lead was the only metallic element to undergo substantial evaporation during annealing of opened samples. The lead-release process in parallel with the Bi-2223 formation reaction had an activation energy of {approximately}25 kJ/mol. Lead loss from the opened samples resulted in incomplete conversion to Bi-2223. The combined results show that the silver sheath effectively prevents evaporative lead loss, preserves and promotes densification, and induces texturing of the layered phases.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-31109-ENG-38
- OSTI ID:
- 131545
- Journal Information:
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Ceramic Society Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 78; ISSN 0002-7820; ISSN JACTAW
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
BISMUTH OXIDES
CALCIUM OXIDES
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
COPPER OXIDES
EVAPORATION
GRAIN GROWTH
HEAT TREATMENTS
HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS
ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY
LEAD
LEAD OXIDES
MICROSTRUCTURE
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SILVER
STRONTIUM OXIDES
SUPERCONDUCTING WIRES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
BISMUTH OXIDES
CALCIUM OXIDES
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
COPPER OXIDES
EVAPORATION
GRAIN GROWTH
HEAT TREATMENTS
HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS
ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY
LEAD
LEAD OXIDES
MICROSTRUCTURE
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SILVER
STRONTIUM OXIDES
SUPERCONDUCTING WIRES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY