Improved Performance of Electroplated CZTS Thin-Film Solar Cells with Bifacial Configuration
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo Ohio 43606 United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo Ohio 43606 United States; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO 80401 United States
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 800081 China
Annealing in S vapor greatly improves the performance of electroplated Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells based on the bifacial configuration of Al-doped ZnO (AZO, front contact)/ZnO/CdS/CZTS/indium tin oxide (ITO, back contact), as compared to H2S annealing in our previous works. S-vapor annealing does not cause severe damage to the conductivity of the ITO back contact. The highest device efficiency of 5.8% was reached under 1 sun illumination from the AZO side. The well-preformed devices based on the ITO back contact demonstrate smaller series resistances and better fill factors, as compared to our substrate-type devices using Mo back contacts. An interfacial reaction at the ITO back contact has been revealed in experiments, which contributes to the formation of SnO2-enriched interfacial layer and diffusion of In from ITO into CZTS through the Sn sites. Incorporation of In does not significantly change the optical and structural properties or the grain size of CZTS absorbers.
- Research Organization:
- NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States))
- Sponsoring Organization:
- National Science Foundation (NSF)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- OSTI ID:
- 1313610
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5K00-66830
- Journal Information:
- ChemSusChem, Journal Name: ChemSusChem Journal Issue: 16 Vol. 9; ISSN 1864-5631
- Publisher:
- ChemPubSoc Europe
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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