Aerosol detection efficiency in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Hubbard, Joshua A.; Zigmond, Joseph A.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2016.02.015

Aerosol detection efficiency in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Journal Article · Wed Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Spectrochimica Acta. Part B, Atomic Spectroscopy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2016.02.015· OSTI ID:1303159

Hubbard, Joshua A. ^[1]; Zigmond, Joseph A. ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

We used an electrostatic size classification technique to segregate particles of known composition prior to being injected into an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Moreover, we counted size-segregated particles with a condensation nuclei counter as well as sampled with an ICP-MS. By injecting particles of known size, composition, and aerosol concentration into the ICP-MS, efficiencies of the order of magnitude aerosol detection were calculated, and the particle size dependencies for volatile and refractory species were quantified. Similar to laser ablation ICP-MS, aerosol detection efficiency was defined as the rate at which atoms were detected in the ICP-MS normalized by the rate at which atoms were injected in the form of particles. This method adds valuable insight into the development of technologies like laser ablation ICP-MS where aerosol particles (of relatively unknown size and gas concentration) are generated during ablation and then transported into the plasma of an ICP-MS. In this study, we characterized aerosol detection efficiencies of volatile species gold and silver along with refractory species aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide. Aerosols were generated with electrical mobility diameters ranging from 100 to 1000 nm. In general, it was observed that refractory species had lower aerosol detection efficiencies than volatile species, and there were strong dependencies on particle size and plasma torch residence time. Volatile species showed a distinct transition point at which aerosol detection efficiency began decreasing with increasing particle size. This critical diameter indicated the largest particle size for which complete particle detection should be expected and agreed with theories published in other works. Aerosol detection efficiencies also displayed power law dependencies on particle size. Aerosol detection efficiencies ranged from 10^-5 to 10^-11. Free molecular heat and mass transfer theory was applied, but evaporative phenomena were not sufficient to explain the dependence of aerosol detection on particle diameter. Additional work is needed to correlate experimental data with theory for metal-oxides where thermodynamic property data are sparse relative to pure elements. Finally, when matrix effects and the diffusion of ions inside the plasma were considered, mass loading was concluded to have had an effect on the dependence of detection efficiency on particle diameter.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1303159

Report Number(s):: SAND2016-4636J; 640451

Journal Information:: Spectrochimica Acta. Part B, Atomic Spectroscopy, Journal Name: Spectrochimica Acta. Part B, Atomic Spectroscopy Journal Issue: C Vol. 119; ISSN 0584-8547

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (96)

Flow and temperature patterns in an inductively coupled plasma reactor: Experimental measurements and CFD simulations Punjabi, Sangeeta B.; Sahasrabudhe, Sunil N.; Ghorui, S. AIChE Journal, Vol. 60, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.14547	journal	July 2014
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Houk, R. S.; Thompson, Joseph J. Mass Spectrometry Reviews, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.1280070404	journal	July 1988
Determination of the thermal conductivity of argon and nitrogen over a wide temperature range through data evaluation and shock-tube experiments Hoshino, T.; Mito, K.; Nagashima, A. International Journal of Thermophysics, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00502397	journal	May 1986
Behavior of small particles in a thermal plasma flow Chen, Xi; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564633	journal	September 1983
Particle dynamics and particle heat and mass transfer in thermal plasmas. Part II. Particle heat and mass transfer in thermal plasmas Lee, Y. C.; Chyou, Y. P.; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00566011	journal	December 1985
Effect of the Knudsen number on heat transfer to a particle immersed into a thermal plasma Chen, Xi; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00566030	journal	March 1983
Unsteady heating and radiation effects of small particles in a thermal plasma Chen, Xi; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00566525	journal	September 1982
Generation and behavior of fine particles in thermal plasmas?A review Young, R. M.; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567907	journal	March 1985
Particle dynamics and particle heat and mass transfer in thermal plasmas. Part I. The motion of a single particle without thermal effects Pfender, E.; Lee, Y. C. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00615122	journal	September 1985
Heat transfer to a single particle exposed to a thermal plasma Chen, Xi; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00633133	journal	June 1982
Particle dynamics and particle heat and mass transfer in thermal plasmas. Part III. Thermal plasma jet reactors and multiparticle injection Lee, Y. C.; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01015997	journal	March 1987
Nusselt number correlations for heat transfer to small spheres in thermal plasma flows Young, R. M.; Pfender, E. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01019179	journal	June 1987
Transport coefficients of argon, nitrogen, oxygen, argon-nitrogen, and argon-oxygen plasmas Murphy, A. B.; Arundelli, C. J. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01570207	journal	December 1994
Characterizing ablation and aerosol generation during elemental fractionation on absorption modified lithium tetraborate glasses using LA-ICP-MS Weis, Peter; Beck, Horst P.; G�nther, Detlef Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 381, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2947-9	journal	December 2004
Heat conduction from a spherical nano-particle: status of modeling heat conduction in laser-induced incandescence Liu, F.; Daun, K. J.; Snelling, D. R. Applied Physics B, Vol. 83, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-006-2194-1	journal	April 2006
Transport phenomena in the rarefied gas transition regime McCoy, B. J.; Cha, C. Y. Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(74)80047-3	journal	February 1974
Fundamental studies of the sampling process in an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer-II Chambers, D. M.; Hieftje, G. M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 46, Issue 6-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(91)80080-M	journal	January 1991
Space charge in ICP-MS: calculation and implications Tanner, Scott D. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 47, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(92)80076-S	journal	June 1992
Analysis of slurries by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using desolvation to improve transport efficiency and atomization efficiency Hartley, James H. D.; Hill, Steve J.; Ebdon, Les Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(93)80129-I	journal	September 1993
The effect of sample matrix on electron density, electron temperature and gas temperature in the argon inductively coupled plasma examined by Thomson and Rayleigh scattering Hanselman, D. S.; Sesi, N. N.; Huang, M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 49, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(94)80042-1	journal	May 1994
Fundamental studies of mixed-gas inductively coupled plasmas Sesi, Norman N.; Mackenzie, Amelia; Shanks, Kathryn E. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 49, Issue 12-14 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(94)80108-8	journal	October 1994
Fundamental aspects of ion extraction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Niu, Hongsen; Houk, R. S. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 51, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(96)01506-6	journal	July 1996
Quantitative multi-element analysis of minerals, fluid and melt inclusions by laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry Heinrich, C. A.; Pettke, T.; Halter, W. E. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00084-X	journal	September 2003
Aerosol spectrometer for size and composition analysis of nanoparticles Okada, Y.; Yabumoto, J.; Takeuchi, K. Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 33, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(02)00039-3	journal	June 2002
The influence of ablation carrier gasses Ar, He and Ne on the particle size distribution and transport efficiencies of laser ablation-induced aerosols: implications for LA–ICP–MS Horn, Ingo; Günther, Detlef Applied Surface Science, Vol. 207, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01324-7	journal	February 2003
Comparison of simulated and experimental fundamental ICP parameters Yang, Pengyuan; Horner, Julie A.; Sesi, Norman N. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 55, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(00)00274-3	journal	December 2000
Simulation of droplet heating and desolvation in an inductively coupled plasma — Part I Benson, Craig M.; Gimelshein, Sergey F.; Levin, Deborah A. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 56, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00233-6	journal	July 2001
Dissociation of polyatomic ions in the inductively coupled plasma Houk, R. S.; Praphairaksit, Narong Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 56, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00236-1	journal	July 2001
Factors affecting analyte transport through the sampling orifice of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Macedone, Jeffrey H.; Gammon, Dennis J.; Farnsworth, Paul B. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 56, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00262-2	journal	September 2001
Computerized simulation of aerosol-droplet desolvation in an inductively coupled plasma Horner, Julie A.; Lehn, Scott A.; Hieftje, Gary M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 57, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(02)00028-9	journal	June 2002
Application of a particle separation device to reduce inductively coupled plasma-enhanced elemental fractionation in laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry Guillong, Marcel; Kuhn, Hans-Rudolf; Günther, Detlef Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 58, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(02)00257-4	journal	February 2003
Effect of sample matrix on the fundamental properties of the inductively coupled plasma Lehn, Scott A.; Warner, Kelly A.; Huang, Mao Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 58, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00159-9	journal	October 2003
The influence of incompletely desolvated droplets and vaporizing particles on chemical matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma spectrometry: time-gated optical emission and laser-induced fluorescence measurements Hobbs, Steven E.; Olesik, John W. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 52, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(96)01581-9	journal	March 1997
Computerized simulation of mixed-solute-particle vaporization in an inductively coupled plasma Horner, Julie A.; Hieftje, Gary M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 53, Issue 6-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(98)00134-7	journal	July 1998
Time-resolved measurements with single droplet introduction to investigate space-charge effects in plasma mass spectrometry Stewart, Ian I.; Olesik, John W. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0305(98)00136-6	journal	February 1999
Analyte response in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Wang, Zhongke; Hattendorf, Bodo; Günther, Detlef Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2006.01.005	journal	May 2006
Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review Tendero, Claire; Tixier, Christelle; Tristant, Pascal Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 61, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2005.10.003	journal	January 2006
Measurement of monodisperse droplet desolvation in an inductively coupled plasma using droplet size dependent peaks in Mie scattering intensity Olesik, John W.; Kinzer, Jeffery A. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 61, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2006.04.004	journal	June 2006
Low pressure laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Fliegel, Daniel; Günther, Detlef Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 61, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2006.05.004	journal	July 2006
Visualization of aerosol particles generated by near infrared nano- and femtosecond laser ablation Koch, J.; Schlamp, S.; Rösgen, T. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2006.11.006	journal	January 2007
Investigation of charge transfer with non-argon gaseous species in mixed-gas inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry Chan, George C. -Y.; Hieftje, Gary M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 62, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.02.002	journal	March 2007
Effect of mass spectrometric sampling interface on the fundamental parameters of an inductively coupled plasma as a function of its operating conditions Gamez, Gerardo; Lehn, Scott A.; Huang, Mao Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 62, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.03.016	journal	April 2007
Computerized simulation of solute–particle vaporization in an inductively coupled plasma Horner, Julie A.; Chan, George C. -Y.; Lehn, Scott A. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 63, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.11.004	journal	February 2008
Expansion phenomena of aerosols generated by laser ablation under helium and argon atmosphere Koch, J.; Wälle, M.; Schlamp, S. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.11.013	journal	January 2008
Femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Transport efficiencies of aerosols released under argon atmosphere and the importance of the focus position Garcia, C. C.; Wälle, M.; Lindner, H. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 63, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.11.017	journal	February 2008
In-situ determination of cross-over point for overcoming plasma-related matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry Chan, George C. -Y.; Hieftje, Gary M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 63, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.12.009	journal	March 2008
Detection efficiencies in nano- and femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Wälle, M.; Koch, J.; Flamigni, L. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 64, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2008.10.021	journal	January 2009
Modeling the gas flow upstream and in the sampling nozzle of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer via the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo algorithm Spencer, Ross L.; Krogel, Jaron; Palmer, Jamie Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 64, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2009.01.003	journal	March 2009
Phenomenological studies on structure and elemental composition of nanosecond and femtosecond laser-generated aerosols with implications on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Glaus, Reto; Kaegi, Ralf; Krumeich, Frank Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 65, Issue 9-10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2010.07.005	journal	September 2010
Femtosecond laser ablation: Visualization of the aerosol formation process by light scattering and shadowgraphic imaging Koch, J.; Heiroth, S.; Lippert, T. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 65, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2010.09.004	journal	November 2010
Multi-element model for the simulation of inductively coupled plasmas: Effects of helium addition to the central gas stream Lindner, Helmut; Bogaerts, Annemie Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 66, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2011.04.007	journal	June 2011
Investigation of sample introduction- and plasma-related matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma spectrometry applying single analyte droplet and particle injection Murtazin, Ayrat; Groh, Sebastian; Niemax, Kay Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 67 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2011.12.003	journal	January 2012
Origins of polyatomic ions in laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: An examination of metal oxide ions and effects of nitrogen and helium in the aerosol gas flow Witte, Travis M.; Houk, R. S. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2012.02.005	journal	March 2012
Effect of single aerosol droplets on plasma impedance in the inductively coupled plasma Chan, George C. -Y.; Zhu, Zhenli; Hieftje, Gary M. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2012.06.036	journal	October 2012
Experimental and theoretical investigations about the vaporization of laser-produced aerosols and individual particles inside inductively-coupled plasmas — Implications for the extraction efficiency of ions prior to mass spectrometry Flamigni, Luca; Koch, Joachim; Günther, Detlef Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2012.07.016	journal	October 2012
Glass particles produced by laser ablation for ICP-MS measurements Gonzalez, J.; Liu, C.; Wen, S. Talanta, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.04.028	journal	September 2007
Metal particles produced by laser ablation for ICP–MS measurements Gonzalez, J.; Liu, C.; Wen, S. Talanta, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.04.029	journal	September 2007
Solid sample analysis using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Günther, Detlef; Hattendorf, Bodo TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2004.11.017	journal	March 2005
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry signal fluctuations due to individual aerosol droplets and vaporizing particles Hobbs, Steven E.; Olesik, John W. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 64, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00027a007	journal	February 1992
Ion sampling for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Olivares, Jose A.; Houk, R. S. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 57, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00290a054	journal	November 1985
Mass spectrometry of inductively coupled plasmas Houk, R. S. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 58, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00292a003	journal	January 1986
Elemental Fractionation Studies in Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry on Laser-Induced Brass Aerosols Kuhn, Hans-Rudolf; Günther, Detlef Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 75, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac0259919	journal	February 2003
Time-Resolved Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Measurements with Individual, Monodisperse Drop Sample Introduction Dziewatkoski, Michael P.; Daniels, Lizla B.; Olesik, John W. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 68, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac951013b	journal	April 1996
Calibration of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Standard Additions with Dried Solution Aerosols Leach, James J.; Allen, Lloyd A.; Aeschliman, David B. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 71, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac980855i	journal	January 1999
Thermodynamic Properties of the Oxides and their Vaporization Processes. Brewer, Leo. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 52, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60161a001	journal	February 1953
van der Waals Volumes and Radii Bondi, A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 68, Issue 3, p. 441-451 https://doi.org/10.1021/j100785a001	journal	March 1964
Van der Waals Radii of Elements Batsanov, S. S. Inorganic Materials, Vol. 37, Issue 9, p. 871-885 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011625728803	journal	September 2001
Laser ablation-ICP-MS: particle size dependent elemental composition studies on filter-collected and online measured aerosols from glass Kuhn, Hans-Rudolf; Günther, Detlef J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 19, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/B404729J	journal	January 2004
Elemental fractionation in laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: evidence for mass load induced matrix effects in the ICP during ablation of a silicate glass Kroslakova, Ivana; Günther, Detlef J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/B606522H	journal	January 2007
A quantification strategy in laser ablation ICP-MS based on the transported aerosol particle volume determined by optical particle size measurement Kuhn, Hans-Rudolf; Günther, Detlef J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 21, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/B607232A	journal	January 2006
Influence of particle size on fractionation with nanosecond and femtosecond laser ablation in brass by online differential mobility analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Saetveit, Nathan J.; Bajic, Stanley J.; Baldwin, David P. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/B709995A	journal	January 2008
The effect of carrier gas humidity on the vaporization of laser-produced aerosols in inductively coupled plasmas Flamigni, Luca; Koch, Joachim; Günther, Detlef J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3JA50314C	journal	January 2014
Slurry Nebulization in Plasmas Ebdon, Les; Foulkes, Michael; Sutton, Karen Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/a604914a	journal	January 1997
Real-time multielement monitoring of airborne particulate matter using ICP-MS instrument equipped with gas converter apparatus Nishiguchi, Kohei; Utani, Keisuke; Fujimori, Eiji Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 23, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/b802302f	journal	January 2008
Effects of operating conditions and matrix on mass bias in MC-ICPMS Fontaine, Gisela Helene; Hattendorf, Bodo; Bourdon, Bernard Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/b816948a	journal	January 2009
Development of direct atmospheric sampling for laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry Kovacs, Robert; Nishiguchi, Kohei; Utani, Keisuke Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/b924425e	journal	January 2010
Slurry atomization using hydrogen-modified inductively coupled plasmas Ebdon, Les; Goodall, Phillip Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/ja9920701111	journal	January 1992
Transport Coefficients of Partially Ionized Argon Devoto, R. S. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1762115	journal	January 1967
DMA as a Gas Converter from Aerosol to "Argonsol" for Real-Time Chemical Analysis Using ICP-MS Myojo, Toshihiko; Takaya, Mitsutoshi; Ono-Ogasawara, Mariko Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/027868202753339096	journal	January 2002
The Relationship between Mass and Mobility for Atmospheric Particles: A New Technique for Measuring Particle Density McMurry, Peter H.; Wang, Xin; Park, Kihong Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/027868202753504083	journal	January 2002
From Agglomerates of Spheres to Irregularly Shaped Particles: Determination of Dynamic Shape Factors from Measurements of Mobility and Vacuum Aerodynamic Diameters Zelenyuk, Alla; Cai, Yong; Imre, Dan Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820500529406	journal	March 2006
Measurement of the Effective Density of Both Spherical Aggregated and Ordered Porous Aerosol Particles Using Mobility- and Mass-Analyzers Lee, Sin Young; Widiyastuti, W.; Tajima, Naoko Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802530524	journal	January 2009
Dynamic Shape Factor of a Plate-Like Particle Cheng, Yung-Sung; Yeh, Hsu-Chi; Allen, Michael D. Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786828808959176	journal	January 1988
Particle Morphology and Density Characterization by Combined Mobility and Aerodynamic Diameter Measurements. Part 1: Theory DeCarlo, Peter F.; Slowik, Jay G.; Worsnop, Douglas R. Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1080/027868290903907	journal	January 2004
Numerical and Experimental Investigation on the In-Flight Melting Behaviour of Granulated Powders in Induction Thermal Plasmas Yaochun, Yao; Hossain, Md. M.; Watanabe, T. Plasma Science and Technology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/11/1/15	journal	February 2009
3-D numerical simulation of fully-coupled particle heating in ICPTs Bernardi, D.; Colombo, V.; Ghedini, E. The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00012-8	journal	March 2004
Heat and momentum transfer to particles in thermal plasma flows Pfender, E. Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. 57, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557091179	journal	January 1985
Particle heating in a thermal plasma Chen, X. Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. 60, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860050651	journal	January 1988
Ionization Temperatures in the Inductively Coupled Plasma Determined by Mass Spectrometry Wilson, Daniel A.; Vickers, George H.; Hieftje, Gary M. Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 41, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702874448139	journal	July 1987
A Study of Internal Standardization in Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Thompson, Joseph J.; Houk, R. S. Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 41, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702874448265	journal	July 1987
Spatially Resolved Measurements of Size and Velocity Distributions of Aerosol Droplets from a Direct Injection Nebulizer Shum, Sam C. K.; Johnson, Steve K.; Pang, Ho-Ming Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 47, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702934067108	journal	May 1993
Investigating the Fate of Individual Sample Droplets in Inductively Coupled Plasmas Olesik, John W. Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 51, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702971940792	journal	May 1997
Review of the State-of-the-Art of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Koch, Joachim; Günther, Detlef Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 65, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1366/11-06255	journal	May 2011
Differential Mobility Analysis of Aerosols: A Tutorial Flagan, Richard C. KONA Powder and Particle Journal, Vol. 26, Issue 0 https://doi.org/10.14356/kona.2008023	journal	January 2008
Consistent approaches to van der Waals radii for the metallic elements Hu, Sheng-Zhi; Zhou, Zhao-Hui; Robertson, B. E. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Vol. 224, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.2009.1158	journal	January 2009
Toward a Fuller Understanding of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry Hieftje, Gary; Huang, Mao; Lehn, Scott Analytical Sciences, Vol. 18, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.18.1185	journal	January 2002

Cited By (1)

ICP-MS for the analysis at the nanoscale – a tutorial review Meermann, Björn; Nischwitz, Volker Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 33, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00037a	journal	January 2018

Similar Records

Particle generation by laser ablation in support of chemical analysis of high level mixed waste from plutonium production operations. 1998 annual progress report

Technical Report · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1998 · OSTI ID:13456

Inductively Coupled Plasma: Fundamental Particle Investigations with Laser Ablation and Applications in Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometry

Thesis/Dissertation · Mon Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2007 · OSTI ID:939379

Representative sampling using single-pulse laser ablation withinductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy

Journal Article · Mon Apr 02 00:00:00 EDT 2001 · Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry · OSTI ID:861113

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Aerosol detection efficiency in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Citation Formats

References (96)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects