Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Tetracyanoethylene oxide-functionalized graphene and graphite characterized by Raman and Auger spectroscopy

Journal Article · · Carbon
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [2];  [5]
  1. New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  2. New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States). Dept. of Physics
  3. New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM (United States). Dept. of Materials Engineering
  4. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies
  5. New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM (United States). Dept. of Materials Engineering
The tetracyanoethylene oxide (TCNEO) functionalization of chemical vapor deposition grown large area graphene and graphite was performed using reaction of TCNEO with carbon surface in chlorobenzene. The successful functionalization has been confirmed by Raman and Auger spectroscopy, and by numerical modeling of the structure and vibrational modes of TCNEO-functionalized graphene. Raman spectra of TCNEO-functionalized graphene and graphite show several groups of lines corresponding to vibrations of attached carbonyl ylide. Lastly, one of key signatures of TCNEO attachment is the high intensity Raman band at ~1450 cm₋1, which represents the C-C=C in plane vibrations in functionalization-distorted graphene. We find Raman spectra indicate the existence of central (pristine) attachment of TCNEO to graphene surface.
Research Organization:
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Inst. of Health (NIH) (NNSA); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC04-94AL85000
OSTI ID:
1293894
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1355793
Journal Information:
Carbon, Journal Name: Carbon Journal Issue: C Vol. 81; ISSN 0008-6223
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (20)

Benzyne-functionalized graphene and graphite characterized by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis journal April 2013
Tetracyanoethylene Oxide. I. Preparation and Reaction with Nucleophiles 1 journal August 1965
Regioselective Cycloaddition of La 2 @ I h -C 80 with Tetracyanoethylene Oxide: Formation of an Endohedral Dimetallofullerene Adduct Featuring Enhanced Electron-Accepting Character journal March 2011
Auger Electron Spectroscopy: A Rational Method for Determining Thickness of Graphene Films journal March 2010
The rise of graphene journal March 2007
Computational assessment of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions to graphene journal January 2011
Cycloaddition of tetracyanoethene oxide with [60]fullerene journal January 1996
Raman and optical characterization of multilayer turbostratic graphene grown via chemical vapor deposition journal July 2011
The calculation of small molecular interactions by the differences of separate total energies. Some procedures with reduced errors journal October 1970
Advances in the chemical modification of epitaxial graphene journal March 2012
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas journal November 1964
Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects journal November 1965
Efficient pseudopotentials for plane-wave calculations journal January 1991
Self-consistent order- N density-functional calculations for very large systems journal April 1996
Sampling the diffusion paths of a neutral vacancy in silicon with quantum mechanical calculations journal November 2004
Efficacious Form for Model Pseudopotentials journal May 1982
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal October 1996
Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers journal October 2006
Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Films on Copper Foils journal May 2009
Functionalization of Graphene with Nitrile Groups by Cycloaddition of Tetracyanoethylene Oxide journal January 2013

Cited By (5)

Collision-induced activation: Towards industrially scalable approach to graphite nanoplatelets functionalization for superior polymer nanocomposites journal June 2017
Surface-modified three-dimensional graphene nanosheets as a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of chiral drugs journal October 2018
Water properties under nano-scale confinement journal June 2019
Covalent Epitope Decoration of Carbon Electrodes using Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis journal November 2019
Role of Stone-Wales defects on the interfacial interactions among graphene, carbon nanotubes, and Nylon 6: A first-principles study journal August 2018