Facile fabrication of large-grain CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH3NH3Br-selective Ostwald ripening

Yang, Mengjin; Zhang, Taiyang; Schulz, Philip; Li, Zhen; Li, Ge; Kim, Dong Hoe; Guo, Nanjie; Berry, Joseph J.; Zhu, Kai; Zhao, Yixin

doi:10.1038/ncomms12305

Title: Facile fabrication of large-grain CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xBr_x films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH₃NH₃Br-selective Ostwald ripening

Journal Article · Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12305· OSTI ID:1287447

Yang, Mengjin ^[1]; Zhang, Taiyang ^[2]; Schulz, Philip ^[1];

^[1]; Li, Ge ^[2]; Kim, Dong Hoe ^[1]; Guo, Nanjie ^[2]; Berry, Joseph J. ^[1]; Zhu, Kai ^[1]; Zhao, Yixin ^[2]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). Chemistry and Nanoscience Center
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China). School of Environmental Science and Engineering

Organometallic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great promise as a low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic technology. Structural and electro-optical properties of the perovskite absorber layer are most critical to device operation characteristics. Here we present a facile fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs based on compact, large-grain, pinhole-free CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xBr_x (MAPbI_3-xBr_x) thin films with high reproducibility. A simple methylammonium bromide (MABr) treatment via spin-coating with a proper MABr concentration converts MAPbI₃ thin films with different initial film qualities (for example, grain size and pinholes) to high-quality MAPbI_3-xBr_x thin films following an Ostwald ripening process, which is strongly affected by MABr concentration and is ineffective when replacing MABr with methylammonium iodide. A higher MABr concentration enhances I-Br anion exchange reaction, yielding poorer device performance. Lastly, this MABr-selective Ostwald ripening process improves cell efficiency but also enhances device stability and thus represents a simple, promising strategy for further improving PSC performance with higher reproducibility and reliability.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; NSFC

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; 51372151; 21303103

OSTI ID:: 1287447

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-65980

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 7; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 435 works

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Enhanced photovoltage for inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells Luo, Deying; Yang, Wenqiang; Wang, Zhiping Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6396 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9282	journal	June 2018
Crystallization Control of Ternary‐Cation Perovskite Absorber in Triple‐Mesoscopic Layer for Efficient Solar Cells Wang, Qifei; Zhang, Wenhao; Zhang, Zhihui Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201903092	journal	December 2019
Enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells by incorporating CdS and Cd(SCN ₂ H ₄ ) ₂ Cl ₂ into the CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ active layer Zhu, Liangxin; Chen, Chong; Li, Fumin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta09933b	journal	January 2019
Control of Crystal Growth toward Scalable Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Lee, Jin‐Wook; Lee, Do‐Kyoung; Jeong, Dong‐Nyuk Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201807047	journal	December 2018
FA _0.88 Cs _0.12 PbI ₃₋ _x (PF ₆ ) _x Interlayer Formed by Ion Exchange Reaction between Perovskite and Hole Transporting Layer for Improving Photovoltaic Performance and Stability Chen, Jiangzhao; Kim, Seul-Gi; Park, Nam-Gyu Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801948	journal	August 2018
Tailored Au@TiO ₂ nanostructures for the plasmonic effect in planar perovskite solar cells Fan, Rundong; Wang, Ligang; Chen, Yihua Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02937c	journal	January 2017
Dual Functions of Crystallization Control and Defect Passivation Enabled by Sulfonic Zwitterions for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells X., Xiao,; Y., Lin,; Y., Fang, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/vb0v-qt95	text	January 2018
Critical Role of Interface and Crystallinity on the Performance and Photostability of Perovskite Solar Cell on Nickel Oxide Nie, Wanyi; Tsai, Hsinhan; Blancon, Jean-Christophe Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703879	journal	December 2017
A Scalable Methylamine Gas Healing Strategy for High‐Efficiency Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Shao, Zhipeng; Wang, Zaiwei; Li, Zhipeng Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201814024	journal	March 2019
Improving the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by mixed solvent vapor treatment Yuan, Binbin; Zhao, Suling; Xu, Zheng RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra13289a	journal	January 2018
Performance Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells Induced by Lead Acetate as an Additive Tang, Guanqi; You, Peng; Tai, Qidong Solar RRL, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800066	journal	April 2018
Methylammonium-chloride post-treatment on perovskite surface and its correlation to photovoltaic performance in the aspect of electronic traps Hwang, Taehyun; Yun, Alan Jiwan; Lee, Byungho Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098336	journal	July 2019
Zn _0.8 Cd _0.2 S@PCBM Hybrid as an Efficient Electron Transport Layer for Air‐Processed p‐i‐n Planar Perovskite Solar Cells: Improvement of Interfacial Electron Transfer and Device Stability Li, Yaru; Feng, Chuanqi; Cheng, Haoliang Solar RRL, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800222	journal	October 2018
Suppressing Vacancy Defects and Grain Boundaries via Ostwald Ripening for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Yang, Yuqian; Wu, Jihuai; Wang, Xiaobing Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904347	journal	November 2019
A Novel Conductive Mesoporous Layer with a Dynamic Two-Step Deposition Strategy Boosts Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells to 20% Sun, Haoxuan; Deng, Kaimo; Zhu, Yayun Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801935	journal	May 2018
Facile synthesis of monodispersed yolk-shelled molybdenum disulfide microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic properties Zhang, Yongxing; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Li, Jia Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8qi00878g	journal	January 2018
The investigation of the unseen interrelationship of grain size, ionic defects, device physics and performance of perovskite solar cells Ameri, Mohsen; Mohajerani, Ezeddin; Ghafarkani, Mashhood Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aafea9	journal	January 2019
Perovskite solar cells employing an eco-friendly and low-cost inorganic hole transport layer for enhanced photovoltaic performance and operational stability Li, Xin; Yang, Junyou; Jiang, Qinghui Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01499c	journal	January 2019
Enhancing surface stabilization of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ perovskite by Cl and Br doping: First-principles study Pramchu, Sittichain; Cheiwchanchamnangij, Tawinan; Laosiritaworn, Yongyut Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 125, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5083008	journal	March 2019
Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements Bhat, Aakash; Dhamaniya, Bhanu; Chhillar, Priyanka Crystals, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8060242	journal	June 2018

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Title: Facile fabrication of large-grain CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xBr_x films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH₃NH₃Br-selective Ostwald ripening