Facile fabrication of large-grain CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH3NH3Br-selective Ostwald ripening

Yang, Mengjin; Zhang, Taiyang; Schulz, Philip; Li, Zhen; Li, Ge; Kim, Dong Hoe; Guo, Nanjie; Berry, Joseph J.; Zhu, Kai; Zhao, Yixin

doi:10.1038/ncomms12305

Facile fabrication of large-grain CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xBr_x films for high-efficiency solar cells via CH₃NH₃Br-selective Ostwald ripening

Journal Article · Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12305· OSTI ID:1287447

Yang, Mengjin ^[1]; Zhang, Taiyang ^[2]; Schulz, Philip ^[1]; ^[1]; Li, Ge ^[2]; Kim, Dong Hoe ^[1]; Guo, Nanjie ^[2]; Berry, Joseph J. ^[1]; Zhu, Kai ^[1]; Zhao, Yixin ^[2]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). Chemistry and Nanoscience Center
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China). School of Environmental Science and Engineering

Organometallic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great promise as a low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic technology. Structural and electro-optical properties of the perovskite absorber layer are most critical to device operation characteristics. Here we present a facile fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs based on compact, large-grain, pinhole-free CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xBr_x (MAPbI_3-xBr_x) thin films with high reproducibility. A simple methylammonium bromide (MABr) treatment via spin-coating with a proper MABr concentration converts MAPbI₃ thin films with different initial film qualities (for example, grain size and pinholes) to high-quality MAPbI_3-xBr_x thin films following an Ostwald ripening process, which is strongly affected by MABr concentration and is ineffective when replacing MABr with methylammonium iodide. A higher MABr concentration enhances I-Br anion exchange reaction, yielding poorer device performance. Lastly, this MABr-selective Ostwald ripening process improves cell efficiency but also enhances device stability and thus represents a simple, promising strategy for further improving PSC performance with higher reproducibility and reliability.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S); NSFC

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1287447

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5900-65980

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 7; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Tailored Au@TiO ₂ nanostructures for the plasmonic effect in planar perovskite solar cells Fan, Rundong; Wang, Ligang; Chen, Yihua Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02937c	journal	January 2017
Enhancing perovskite solar cell performance and stability by doping barium in methylammonium lead halide Chan, Shun-Hsiang; Wu, Ming-Chung; Lee, Kun-Mu Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta05720b	journal	January 2017
Li dopant induces moisture sensitive phase degradation of an all-inorganic CsPbI ₂ Br perovskite Li, Yihui; Wang, Yong; Zhang, Taiyang Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 70 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc05444d	journal	January 2018
Perovskite precursor solution chemistry: from fundamentals to photovoltaic applications Jung, Minsu; Ji, Sang-Geun; Kim, Gwisu Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00656c	journal	January 2019
The effect of SrI ₂ substitution on perovskite film formation and its photovoltaic properties via two different deposition methods Zhang, Huanyu; Li, Rui; Zhang, Mei Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8qi00131f	journal	January 2018
Facile synthesis of monodispersed yolk-shelled molybdenum disulfide microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic properties Zhang, Yongxing; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Li, Jia Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8qi00878g	journal	January 2018
Tin–lead halide perovskites with improved thermal and air stability for efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells Leijtens, Tomas; Prasanna, Rohit; Bush, Kevin A. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8se00314a	journal	January 2018
Organic/inorganic self-doping controlled crystallization and electronic properties of mixed perovskite solar cells Bu, Tongle; Liu, Xueping; Chen, Rui Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00931g	journal	January 2018
Large-grained formamidinium-based films via a 2D–3D conversion mechanism for high-performance perovskite solar cells without anti-solvent Xu, Xiaoxiao; Li, Zhaoqian; Zhu, Liangzheng Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta06044d	journal	January 2019
One-step implementation of plasmon enhancement and solvent annealing effects for air-processed high-efficiency perovskite solar cells Guo, Yan; He, Xiong; Liu, Xin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta06970k	journal	January 2018
Enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells by incorporating CdS and Cd(SCN ₂ H ₄ ) ₂ Cl ₂ into the CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ active layer Zhu, Liangxin; Chen, Chong; Li, Fumin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta09933b	journal	January 2019
Surface modification via self-assembling large cations for improved performance and modulated hysteresis of perovskite solar cells Bu, Tongle; Li, Jing; Huang, Wenchao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta12284a	journal	January 2019
I ₂ vapor-induced degradation of formamidinium lead iodide based perovskite solar cells under heat–light soaking conditions Fu, Fan; Pisoni, Stefano; Jeangros, Quentin Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 12, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ee02043h	journal	January 2019
Monitoring the morphological evolution in mixed-dimensional lead bromide perovskite films with lamellar-stacked perovskite nanoplatelets Wang, Rui; Tong, Yu; Wang, Kun Nanoscale Horizons, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nh00156e	journal	January 2019
Efficient air-stable perovskite solar cells with a (FAI) _0.46 (MAI) _0.40 (MABr) _0.14 (PbI ₂ ) _0.86 (PbBr ₂ ) _0.14 active layer fabricated via a vacuum flash-assisted method under RH > 50% Chen, Li; Cao, Hui; Wang, Shurong RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01625b	journal	January 2019
Energy-distinguishable bipolar UV photoelectron injection from LiCl-promoted FAPbCl ₃ perovskite nanorods Gong, Jue; Li, Xun; Guo, Peijun Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01160a	journal	January 2019
Perovskite solar cells employing an eco-friendly and low-cost inorganic hole transport layer for enhanced photovoltaic performance and operational stability Li, Xin; Yang, Junyou; Jiang, Qinghui Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01499c	journal	January 2019
(C ₆ H ₅ NH ₃ )BiI ₄ : a lead-free perovskite with >330 days humidity stability for optoelectronic applications Li, Xiao-Lei; Gao, Li-Li; Ding, Bin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta02421b	journal	January 2019
Ni–Co–O hole transport materials: gap state assisted hole extraction with superior electrical conductivity Hou, Yu; Tang, Li Juan; Qiao, Hong Wei Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07331k	journal	January 2019
A review of aspects of additive engineering in perovskite solar cells Mahapatra, Apurba; Prochowicz, Daniel; Tavakoli, Mohammad Mahdi Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07657c	journal	January 2020
Nucleation and crystal growth control for scalable solution-processed organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells Hu, Hanlin; Singh, Mriganka; Wan, Xuejuan Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta11245f	journal	January 2020
Enhancing surface stabilization of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ perovskite by Cl and Br doping: First-principles study Pramchu, Sittichain; Cheiwchanchamnangij, Tawinan; Laosiritaworn, Yongyut Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 125, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5083008	journal	March 2019
Methylammonium-chloride post-treatment on perovskite surface and its correlation to photovoltaic performance in the aspect of electronic traps Hwang, Taehyun; Yun, Alan Jiwan; Lee, Byungho Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098336	journal	July 2019
The investigation of the unseen interrelationship of grain size, ionic defects, device physics and performance of perovskite solar cells Ameri, Mohsen; Mohajerani, Ezeddin; Ghafarkani, Mashhood Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aafea9	journal	January 2019
Improved air stability and low voltage resistive switching behaviors of NiO-buffered CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ films prepared by a solution method Wang, Y. Y.; Li, L. T.; Jiang, X. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab550a	journal	December 2019
Towards large-area perovskite solar cells: the influence of compact and mesoporous TiO ₂ electron transport layers Ye, Wang; Xiang, Jin; Huang, Feng Materials Research Express, Vol. 5, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aad311	journal	July 2018
Beneficial impact of materials with reduced dimensionality on the stability of perovskite-based photovoltaics Petrović, Miloš; Rogdakis, Konstantinos; Kymakis, Emmanuel Journal of Physics: Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ab3585	journal	August 2019
Enhanced mobility CsPbI ₃ quantum dot arrays for record-efficiency, high-voltage photovoltaic cells Sanehira, Erin M.; Marshall, Ashley R.; Christians, Jeffrey A. Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao4204	journal	October 2017
Enhanced photovoltage for inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells Luo, Deying; Yang, Wenqiang; Wang, Zhiping Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6396 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9282	journal	June 2018
Challenges for commercializing perovskite solar cells Rong, Yaoguang; Hu, Yue; Mei, Anyi Science, Vol. 361, Issue 6408 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat8235	journal	September 2018
The Synthesis of 2D CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ Perovskite Films with Tunable Bandgaps by Solution Deposition Route Loryuenyong, Vorrada; Thongpon, Pajaree; Saudmalai, Sasathorn International Journal of Photoenergy, Vol. 2019 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7492453	journal	February 2019
Dual Functions of Crystallization Control and Defect Passivation Enabled by Sulfonic Zwitterions for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells X., Xiao,; Y., Lin,; Y., Fang, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/vb0v-qt95	text	January 2018
Growth of Metal Halide Perovskite, from Nanocrystal to Micron-Scale Crystal: A Review Ma, Haijiao; Imran, Muhammad; Dang, Zhiya Crystals, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8050182	journal	April 2018
Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements Bhat, Aakash; Dhamaniya, Bhanu; Chhillar, Priyanka Crystals, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8060242	journal	June 2018
Effects of Mixed Halide Ions Incorporation on CH₃NH₃Pb(I,Br)_3-x(SCN)_x Perovskite Films via Solution Deposition Route Loryuenyong, Vorrada; Kulchartchai, Peeranut; Audomcharoensak, Phatsawat Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 821 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.821.395	journal	September 2019

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