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Cell Wall Ultrastructure of Stem Wood, Roots, and Needles of a Conifer Varies in Response to Moisture Availability

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Plant Science
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [2];  [2];  [4]
  1. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Complex Carbohydrate Research Center; Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Complex Carbohydrate Research Center
  2. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources
  3. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Complex Carbohydrate Research Center
  4. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; Univ. of Georgia, Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
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The composition, integrity, and architecture of the macromolecular matrix of cell walls, collectively referred to as cell wall ultrastructure, exhibits variation across species and organs and among cell types within organs. Indirect approaches have suggested that modifications to cell wall ultrastructure occur in response to abiotic stress; however, modifications have not been directly observed. Glycome profiling was used to study cell wall ultrastructure by examining variation in composition and extractability of non-cellulosic glycans in cell walls of stem wood, roots, and needles of loblolly pine saplings exposed to high and low soil moisture. Soil moisture influenced physiological processes and the overall composition and extractability of cell wall components differed as a function of soil moisture treatments. The strongest response of cell wall ultrastructure to soil moisture was increased extractability of pectic backbone epitopes in the low soil moisture treatment. The higher abundance of these pectic backbone epitopes in the oxalate extract indicate that the loosening of cell wall pectic components could be associated with the release of pectic signals as a stress response. The increased extractability of pectic backbone epitopes in response to low soil moisture availability was more pronounced in stem wood than in roots or needles. Additional responses to low soil moisture availability were observed in lignin associated carbohydrates released in chlorite extracts of stem wood, including an increased abundance of pectic arabinogalactan epitopes. Overall, these results indicate that cell walls of loblolly pine organs undergo changes in their ultrastructural composition and extractability as a response to soil moisture availability and that cell walls of the stem wood are more responsive to low soil moisture availability compared to cell walls of roots and needles. In conclusion, to our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence, delineated by glycomic analyses, that abiotic stress affects cell wall ultrastructure. This study is also unique in that glycome profiling of pine needles has never before been reported.
Research Organization:
Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1285865
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Name: Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 7; ISSN 1664-462X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Pinus taeda
abiotic stress
arabidopsis-thaliana
carbon-isotope discrimination
cell walls
drought stress
elastic-modulus
extracellular-matrix
glycome profiling
loblolly-pine
moisture stress
monoclonal antibodies
pectin
pine pinus-taeda
vascular tissues
water-deficit
xylan