Pores in Marcellus Shale: A Neutron Scattering and FIB-SEM Study

Gu, Xin; Cole, David R.; Rother, Gernot; Mildner, David F.  R.; Brantley, Susan L.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b00033

Pores in Marcellus Shale: A Neutron Scattering and FIB-SEM Study

Journal Article · Mon Jan 26 04:00:00 EST 2015 · Energy and Fuels

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b00033· OSTI ID:1279416

Gu, Xin ^[1]; Cole, David R. ^[2]; Rother, Gernot ^[3]; Mildner, David F. R. ^[4]; Brantley, Susan L. ^[1]

Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States)

Because of the development of hydraulic fracturing techniques, the production of natural gas has become increasingly important in the United States, which significantly increase the permeability and fracture network of black shales. Moreover, the pore structure of shale is a controlling factor for hydrocarbon storage and gas migration. In this work, we investigated the porosity of the Union Springs (Shamokin) Member of the Marcellus Formation from a core drilled in Centre County, PA, USA, using ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering (USANS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and nitrogen gas adsorption. The scattering of neutrons by Marcellus shale depends on the sample orientation: for thin sections cut in the plane of bedding, the scattering pattern is isotropic, while for thin sections cut perpendicular to the bedding, the scattering pattern is anisotropic. The FIB-SEM observations allow attribution of the anisotropic scattering patterns to elongated pores predominantly associated with clay. The apparent porosities calculated from scattering data from the bedding plane sections are lower than those calculated from sections cut perpendicular to the bedding. A preliminary method for estimating the total porosity from the measurements made on the two orientations is presented. This method is in good agreement with nitrogen adsorption for both porosity and specific surface area measurements. Neutron scattering combined with FIB-SEM reveals that the dominant nanosized pores in organic-poor, clay-rich shale samples are water-accessible sheetlike pores within clay aggregates. Conversely, bubblelike organophilic pores in kerogen dominate organic-rich samples. Developing a better understanding of the distribution of the water-accessible pores will promote more accurate models of watermineral interactions during hydrofracturing.

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 (NCGC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); National Science Foundation (NSF)

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1279416

Journal Information:: Energy and Fuels, Journal Name: Energy and Fuels Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 29; ISSN 0887-0624

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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