Analyzing system safety in lithium-ion grid energy storage

Rosewater, David; Williams, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.09.068

Analyzing system safety in lithium-ion grid energy storage

Journal Article · Thu Oct 08 04:00:00 EDT 2015 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.09.068· OSTI ID:1257985

^[1]; Williams, Adam ^[2]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

As grid energy storage systems become more complex, it grows more di cult to design them for safe operation. This paper first reviews the properties of lithium-ion batteries that can produce hazards in grid scale systems. Then the conventional safety engineering technique Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) is reviewed to identify its limitations in complex systems. To address this gap, new research is presented on the application of Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) to a lithium-ion battery based grid energy storage system. STPA is anticipated to ll the gaps recognized in PRA for designing complex systems and hence be more e ective or less costly to use during safety engineering. It was observed that STPA is able to capture causal scenarios for accidents not identified using PRA. Additionally, STPA enabled a more rational assessment of uncertainty (all that is not known) thereby promoting a healthy skepticism of design assumptions. Lastly, we conclude that STPA may indeed be more cost effective than PRA for safety engineering in lithium-ion battery systems. However, further research is needed to determine if this approach actually reduces safety engineering costs in development, or improves industry safety standards.

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1257985

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1253213

Report Number(s):: SAND--2015-5224J; PII: S037877531530327X

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Journal Issue: C Vol. 300; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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System Theoretic Process Analysis: A Literature Survey on the Approaches Used for Improving the Safety in Complex Systems e. Silva, Saulo Rodrigues Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14850-8_7	book	January 2019
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Battery Management System Hardware Concepts: An Overview Lelie, Markus; Braun, Thomas; Knips, Marcus RWTH Aachen University https://doi.org/10.18154/rwth-2017-08674	text	January 2018
Battery Management System Hardware Concepts: An Overview Lelie, Markus; Braun, Thomas; Knips, Marcus RWTH Aachen University https://doi.org/10.18154/rwth-2020-07665	text	January 2018
Battery Management System Hardware Concepts: An Overview Lelie, Markus; Braun, Thomas; Knips, Marcus Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040534	journal	March 2018

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
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