Experimental drought and heat can delay phenological development and reduce foliar and shoot growth in semiarid trees

Adams, Henry D.; Collins, Adam D.; Briggs, Samuel P.; Vennetier, Michel; Dickman, L. Turin; Sevanto, Sanna A.; Garcia-Forner, Núria; Powers, Heath H.; McDowell, Nate G.

doi:10.1111/gcb.13030

Title: Experimental drought and heat can delay phenological development and reduce foliar and shoot growth in semiarid trees

Journal Article · Tue Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Global Change Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13030· OSTI ID:1257861

Adams, Henry D. ^[1]; Collins, Adam D. ^[1]; Briggs, Samuel P. ^[1]; Vennetier, Michel ^[2]; Dickman, L. Turin ^[1]; Sevanto, Sanna A. ^[1]; Garcia-Forner, Núria ^[3]; Powers, Heath H. ^[1]; McDowell, Nate G. ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
UR Ecosystemes Mediterraneens et Risques, Le Tholonet Aix-en-Provence (France)
Univ.t Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles (Spain)

Higher temperatures associated with climate change are anticipated to trigger an earlier start to the growing season, which could increase the terrestrial C sink strength. Greater variability in the amount and timing of precipitation is also expected with higher temperatures, bringing increased drought stress to many ecosystems. We experimentally assessed the effects of higher temperature and drought on the foliar phenology and shoot growth of mature trees of two semiarid conifer species. We exposed field-grown trees to a ~45% reduction in precipitation with a rain-out structure (‘drought’), a ~4.8 °C temperature increase with open-top chambers (‘heat’), and a combination of both simultaneously (‘drought + heat’). Over the 2013 growing season, drought, heat, and drought + heat treatments reduced shoot and needle growth in piñon pine (Pinus edulis) by ≥39%, while juniper (Juniperus monosperma) had low growth and little response to these treatments. Needle emergence on primary axis branches of piñon pine was delayed in heat, drought, and drought + heat treatments by 19–57 days, while secondary axis branches were less likely to produce needles in the heat treatment, and produced no needles at all in the drought + heat treatment. Growth of shoots and needles, and the timing of needle emergence correlated inversely with xylem water tension and positively with nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations. Our findings demonstrate the potential for delayed phenological development and reduced growth with higher temperatures and drought in tree species that are vulnerable to drought and reveal potential mechanistic links to physiological stress responses. Furthermore, climate change projections of an earlier and longer growing season with higher temperatures, and consequent increases in terrestrial C sink strength, may be incorrect for regions where plants will face increased drought stress with climate change.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1257861

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-15-22759

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 11; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 87 works

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Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
phenology
climate change
Juniperus monosperma
Juniper
Pinus edulis
pinon pine
non-structural carbohydrate
water potential
drought experiment

Title: Experimental drought and heat can delay phenological development and reduce foliar and shoot growth in semiarid trees

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Cited By (26)

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