Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life

Cragg, Simon M.; Beckham, Gregg T.; Bruce, Neil C.; Bugg, Timothy DH; Distel, Daniel L.; Dupree, Paul; Etxabe, Amaia Green; Goodell, Barry S.; Jellison, Jody; McGeehan, John E.; McQueen-Mason, Simon J.; Schnorr, Kirk; Walton, Paul H.; Watts, Joy EM; Zimmer, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018

Title: Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life

Journal Article · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018· OSTI ID:1251468

Cragg, Simon M.; Beckham, Gregg T.; Bruce, Neil C.; Bugg, Timothy DH; Distel, Daniel L.; Dupree, Paul; Etxabe, Amaia Green; Goodell, Barry S.; Jellison, Jody; McGeehan, John E.; McQueen-Mason, Simon J.; Schnorr, Kirk; Walton, Paul H.; Watts, Joy EM; Zimmer, Martin

Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. We found that the Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. Moreover, the omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1251468

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1233155

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5100-65549; S1367593115001246; PII: S1367593115001246

Journal Information:: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, Journal Name: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology Vol. 29 Journal Issue: C; ISSN 1367-5931

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

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09 BIOMASS FUELS
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
lignin depolymerisation
lignocellulolytic enzymes
omics
biomass deconstruction
lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases

Title: Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life

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