Spallation as a dominant source of pusher-fuel and hot-spot mix in inertial confinement fusion capsules

Orth, Charles D.

doi:10.1063/1.4942481

Title: Spallation as a dominant source of pusher-fuel and hot-spot mix in inertial confinement fusion capsules

Journal Article · Tue Feb 23 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4942481· OSTI ID:1241970

^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

We suggest that a potentially dominant but previously neglected source of pusher-fuel and hot-spot “mix” may have been the main degradation mechanism for fusion energy yields of modern inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsules designed and fielded to achieve high yields — not hydrodynamic instabilities. This potentially dominant mix source is the spallation of small chunks or “grains” of pusher material into the fuel regions whenever (1) the solid material adjacent to the fuel changes its phase by nucleation, and (2) this solid material spalls under shock loading and sudden decompression. Finally, we describe this mix mechanism, support it with simulations and experimental evidence, and explain how to eliminate it and thereby allow higher yields for ICF capsules and possibly ignition at the National Ignition Facility.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1241970

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1421121

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-668926; PHPAEN; TRN: US1600670

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 2; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 10 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (25)

Experimental investigation of bright spots in broadband, gated x-ray images of ignition-scale implosions on the National Ignition Facility Barrios, M. A.; Regan, S. P.; Suter, L. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4816034	journal	July 2013
Hot-Spot Mix in Ignition-Scale Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets Regan, S. P.; Epstein, R.; Hammel, B. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.045001	journal	July 2013
Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T. Nature, Vol. 506, Issue 7488 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13008	journal	February 2014
The physics of ultra-short laser interaction with solids at non-relativistic intensities Gamaly, E. G. Physics Reports, Vol. 508, Issue 4-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2011.07.002	journal	November 2011
Precision equation-of-state measurements on National Ignition Facility ablator materials from 1 to 12 Mbar using laser-driven shock waves Barrios, M. A.; Boehly, T. R.; Hicks, D. G. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 111, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4712050	journal	May 2012
High-mode Rayleigh-Taylor growth in NIF ignition capsules Hammel, B. A.; Haan, S. W.; Clark, D. S. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2009.12.005	journal	June 2010
The high-foot implosion campaign on the National Ignition Facility Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4874330	journal	May 2014
Physics of ultra-short laser interaction with matter: From phonon excitation to ultimate transformations Gamaly, E. G.; Rode, A. V. Progress in Quantum Electronics, Vol. 37, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pquantelec.2013.05.001	journal	September 2013
Observation of early shell-dopant mix in OMEGA direct-drive implosions and comparisons with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations Baumgaertel, J. A.; Bradley, P. A.; Hsu, S. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4881463	journal	May 2014
Time-resolved imaging of explosive phase change in metals Porneala, Cristian; Willis, David A. Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.716582	conference	March 2007
Diamond spheres for inertial confinement fusion Biener, J.; Ho, D. D.; Wild, C. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/49/11/112001	journal	September 2009
Diagnosing and controlling mix in National Ignition Facility implosion experiments Hammel, B. A.; Scott, H. A.; Regan, S. P. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3567520	journal	May 2011
Relationship of fragment size to normalized spall strength for materials Chhabildas, L. C.; Barker, L. M.; Asay, J. R. International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 10, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-743X(90)90052-W	journal	January 1990
Ultrafast thermal melting of laser-excited solids by homogeneous nucleation Rethfeld, B.; Sokolowski-Tinten, K.; von der Linde, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 65, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.65.092103	journal	February 2002
Ultra-fast disordering by fs-lasers: Lattice superheating prior to the entropy catastrophe Gamaly, Eugene G. Applied Physics A, Vol. 101, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5779-9	journal	May 2010
Development of the CD Symcap platform to study gas-shell mix in implosions at the National Ignition Facility Casey, D. T.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Tipton, R. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4894215	journal	September 2014
Development of the indirect‐drive approach to inertial confinement fusion and the target physics basis for ignition and gain Lindl, John Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.871025	journal	November 1995
Laser ablation of aluminum from normal evaporation to phase explosion Gragossian, A.; Tavassoli, S. H.; Shokri, B. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3131689	journal	May 2009
Non-Equilibrium Phase Change in Metal Induced by Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Irradiation Xu, Xianfan; Willis, David A. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 124, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1445792	journal	November 2001
Homogeneous Nucleation Theory Abraham, F. F.; Zettlemoyer, A. C. Physics Today, Vol. 27, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3129038	journal	December 1974
Fracture processes in polymeric materials. II. The tensile strength of polystyrene Berry, J. P. Journal of Polymer Science, Vol. 50, Issue 154 https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205015405	journal	April 1961
High-Adiabat High-Foot Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility Park, H. -S.; Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.055001	journal	February 2014
Design of a High-Foot High-Adiabat ICF Capsule for the National Ignition Facility Dittrich, T. R.; Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.055002	journal	February 2014
Radiation hydrodynamics modeling of the highest compression inertial confinement fusion ignition experiment from the National Ignition Campaign Clark, D. S.; Marinak, M. M.; Weber, C. R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4906897	journal	February 2015
The spall strength of condensed matter Grady, D. E. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 36, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(88)90015-4	journal	January 1988

Cited By (3)

Effects of preheat and mix on the fuel adiabat of an imploding capsule Cheng, B.; Kwan, T. J. T.; Wang, Y. M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4971814	journal	December 2016
High-pressure chemistry of hydrocarbons relevant to planetary interiors and inertial confinement fusion Kraus, D.; Hartley, N. J.; Frydrych, S. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5017908	journal	May 2018
Kinetic physics in ICF: present understanding and future directions Rinderknecht, Hans G.; Amendt, P. A.; Wilks, S. C. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aab79f	journal	April 2018

Similar Records

Spallation As The Dominant Source of Pusher-Fuel and Hot-Spot Mix In ICF Capsules

Technical Report · Mon Dec 29 00:00:00 EST 2014 · OSTI ID:1241970

Orth, Charles D.

A pushered capsule implosion as an alternate approach to the ignition regime for inertial confinement fusion

Journal Article · Thu Dec 16 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:1241970

MacLaren, S. A.; Ho, D. D.-M.; Hurricane, O. A.; +8 more

First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility

Journal Article · Wed May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:1241970

Dewald, E. L.; MacLaren, S. A.; Martinez, D. A.; +38 more

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION
42 ENGINEERING

Title: Spallation as a dominant source of pusher-fuel and hot-spot mix in inertial confinement fusion capsules

Citation Formats

References (25)

Cited By (3)

Similar Records

Related Subjects