A tamper-indicating quantum seal

Williams, Brian P.; Britt, Keith A.; Humble, Travis S.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.5.014001

A tamper-indicating quantum seal

Journal Article · Mon Jan 04 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Physical Review Applied

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.5.014001· OSTI ID:1235831

Williams, Brian P. ^[1]; Britt, Keith A. ^[1]; Humble, Travis S. ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Technical means for identifying when tampering occurs is a critical part of many containment and surveillance technologies. Conventional fiber optic seals provide methods for monitoring enclosed inventories, but they are vulnerable to spoofing attacks based on classical physics. We address these vulnerabilities with the development of a quantum seal that offers the ability to detect the intercept-resend attack using quantum integrity verification. Our approach represents an application of entanglement to provide guarantees in the authenticity of the seal state by verifying it was transmitted coherently. We implement these ideas using polarization-entangled photon pairs that are verified after passing through a fiber-optic channel testbed. Using binary detection theory, we find the probability of detecting inauthentic signals is greater than 0.9999 with a false alarm chance of 10^–9 for a 10 second sampling interval. In addition, we show how the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect concurrently provides a tight bound on redirection attack, in which tampering modifies the shape of the seal. Our measurements limit the tolerable path length change to sub-millimeter disturbances. As a result, these tamper-indicating features of the quantum seal offer unprecedented security for unattended monitoring systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1235831

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1234141

Journal Information:: Physical Review Applied, Journal Name: Physical Review Applied Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 5; ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited By (3)

Nash Embedding and Equilibrium in Pure Quantum States Khan, Faisal Shah; Humble, Travis S. Quantum Technology and Optimization Problems https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14082-3_5	book	January 2019
Superdense Coding over Optical Fiber Links with Complete Bell-State Measurements Williams, Brian P.; Sadlier, Ronald J.; Humble, Travis S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.118.050501	journal	February 2017
Superdense coding over optical fiber links with complete Bell-state measurements Williams, Brian P.; Sadlier, Ronald J.; Humble, Travis S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1609.00713	text	January 2016

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