Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Clark, Martyn P.; Fan, Ying; Lawrence, David M.; Adam, Jennifer C.; Bolster, Diogo; Gochis, David J.; Hooper, Richard P.; Kumar, Mukesh; Leung, L. Ruby; Mackay, D. Scott; Maxwell, Reed M.; Shen, Chaopeng; Swenson, Sean C.; Zeng, Xubin

doi:10.1002/2015WR017096

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Journal Article · Fri Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Water Resources Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017096· OSTI ID:1229939

Clark, Martyn P. ^[1]; Fan, Ying ^[2]; Lawrence, David M. ^[1]; Adam, Jennifer C. ^[3]; Bolster, Diogo ^[4]; Gochis, David J. ^[1]; Hooper, Richard P. ^[5]; Kumar, Mukesh ^[6]; Leung, L. Ruby ^[7]; Mackay, D. Scott ^[8]; Maxwell, Reed M. ^[9]; Shen, Chaopeng ^[10]; Swenson, Sean C. ^[1]; Zeng, Xubin ^[11]

National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder Colorado USA
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick New Jersey USA
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman Washington USA
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend Indiana USA
The Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc.
Nichols Schools of Environment, Duke University, Durham North Carolina USA
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland Washington USA
Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo New York USA
Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden Colorado USA
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College Pennsylvania USA
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson Arizona USA

Many of the scientific and societal challenges in understanding and preparing for global environmental change rest upon our ability to understand and predict the water cycle change at large river basin, continent, and global scales. However, current large-scale models, such as the land components of Earth System Models (ESMs), do not yet represent the terrestrial water cycle in a fully integrated manner or resolve the finer-scale processes that can dominate large-scale water budgets. This paper reviews the current representation of hydrologic processes in ESMs and identifies the key opportunities for improvement. This review suggests that (1) the development of ESMs has not kept pace with modeling advances in hydrology, both through neglecting key processes (e.g., groundwater) and neglecting key aspects of spatial variability and hydrologic connectivity; and (2) many modeling advances in hydrology can readily be incorporated into ESMs and substantially improve predictions of the water cycle. Accelerating modeling advances in ESMs requires comprehensive hydrologic benchmarking activities, in order to systematically evaluate competing modeling alternatives, understand model weaknesses, and prioritize model development needs. This demands stronger collaboration, both through greater engagement of hydrologists in ESM development and through more detailed evaluation of ESM processes in research watersheds. Advances in the representation of hydrologic process in ESMs can substantially improve energy, carbon and nutrient cycle prediction capabilities through the fundamental role the water cycle plays in regulating these cycles.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1229939

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--108240; KP1703020

Journal Information:: Water Resources Research, Journal Name: Water Resources Research Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 51; ISSN 0043-1397

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (274)

Global-scale land surface hydrologic modeling with the representation of water table dynamics: GLOBAL LSM WITH WATER TABLE DYNAMICS Koirala, Sujan; Yeh, Pat J. -F.; Hirabayashi, Yukiko Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020398	journal	January 2014
Mountain system monitoring at Senator Beck Basin, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: A new integrative data source to develop and evaluate models of snow and hydrologic processes Landry, Christopher C.; Buck, Kimberly A.; Raleigh, Mark S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 50, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013711	journal	February 2014
Surface-subsurface model intercomparison: A first set of benchmark results to diagnose integrated hydrology and feedbacks Maxwell, Reed M.; Putti, Mario; Meyerhoff, Steven Water Resources Research, Vol. 50, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013725	journal	February 2014
Late-time drainage from a sloping Boussinesq aquifer: LATE-TIME DRAINAGE FROM A SLOPING BOUSSINESQ AQUIFER Bogaart, Patrick W.; Rupp, David E.; Selker, John S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013780	journal	November 2013
High-resolution modeling of the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture: Applications in network design Chaney, Nathaniel W.; Roundy, Joshua K.; Herrera-Estrada, Julio E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014964	journal	January 2015
Patterns of river width and surface area revealed by the satellite-derived North American River Width data set Allen, George H.; Pavelsky, Tamlin M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062764	journal	January 2015
Assessing a dry surface layer-based soil resistance parameterization for the Community Land Model using GRACE and FLUXNET-MTE data Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022314	journal	September 2014
Are we unnecessarily constraining the agility of complex process-based models? Mendoza, Pablo A.; Clark, Martyn P.; Barlage, Michael Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015820	journal	January 2015
The quantity and quality of information in hydrologic models Nearing, Grey S.; Gupta, Hoshin V. Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015895	journal	January 2015
Groundwater in the Earth's critical zone: Relevance to large-scale patterns and processes: Groundwater at large scales Fan, Ying Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017037	journal	May 2015
A unified approach for process‐based hydrologic modeling: 1. Modeling concept Clark, Martyn P.; Nijssen, Bart; Lundquist, Jessica D. Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017198	journal	April 2015
A unified approach for process‐based hydrologic modeling: 2. Model implementation and case studies Clark, Martyn P.; Nijssen, Bart; Lundquist, Jessica D. Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017200	journal	April 2015
DigitalCrust – a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow Fan, Ying; Richard, Stephen; Bristol, R. Sky Crustal Permeability https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119166573.ch2	book	January 2012
An integrated modelling framework of catchment-scale ecohydrological processes: 1. Model description and tests over an energy-limited watershed: A CATCHMENT-SCALE ECOHYDROLOGICAL MODEL Niu, Guo-Yue; Paniconi, Claudio; Troch, Peter A. Ecohydrology, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1362	journal	January 2013
A dynamic TOPMODEL Beven, Keith; Freer, Jim Hydrological Processes, Vol. 15, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.252	journal	January 2001
Spatial variation and temporal stability of soil water in a snow-dominated, mountain catchment Grant, Laura; Seyfried, Mark; McNamara, Jim Hydrological Processes, Vol. 18, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5798	journal	January 2004
Do Nash values have value? Schaefli, Bettina; Gupta, Hoshin V. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 21, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6825	journal	January 2007
Reconciling theory with observations: elements of a diagnostic approach to model evaluation Gupta, Hoshin V.; Wagener, Thorsten; Liu, Yuqiong Hydrological Processes, Vol. 22, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6989	journal	August 2008
Consistency between hydrological models and field observations: linking processes at the hillslope scale to hydrological responses at the watershed scale Clark, M. P.; Rupp, D. E.; Woods, R. A. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7154	journal	January 2009
A revised land hydrology in the ECMWF model: a step towards daily water flux prediction in a fully-closed water cycle Balsamo, G.; Pappenberger, F.; Dutra, E. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 25, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7808	journal	March 2011
Impact of soil moisture heterogeneity length scale and gradients on daytime coupled land-cloudy boundary layer interactions: IMPACT OF SOIL MOISTURE HETEROGENEITY LENGTH SCALE AND GRADIENTS Huang, Hsin-Yuan; Margulis, Steven A. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 27, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9351	journal	May 2012
Catchment properties, function, and conceptual model representation: is there a correspondence?: CATCHMENT PROPERTIES, FUNCTION, AND CONCEPTUAL MODEL REPRESENTATION Fenicia, Fabrizio; Kavetski, Dmitri; Savenije, Hubert H. G. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9726	journal	April 2013
Response of land surface fluxes and precipitation to different soil bottom hydrological conditions in a general circulation model: BOTTOM HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN A GCM Campoy, A.; Ducharne, A.; Cheruy, F. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50627	journal	October 2013
Modeling the effects of irrigation on land surface fluxes and states over the conterminous United States: Sensitivity to input data and model parameters: EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION OVER CONUS Leng, Guoyong; Huang, Maoyi; Tang, Qiuhong Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50792	journal	September 2013
The evolution of, and revolution in, land surface schemes designed for climate models Pitman, A. J. International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.893	journal	January 2003
The Parametrization of Rainfall Interception In GCMs Johannes Dolman, A.; Gregory, David Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 118, Issue 505 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49711850504	journal	April 1992
Earth system models: an overview: Earth system models Flato, Gregory M. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.148	journal	November 2011
Automatic parameterization of a flow routing scheme driven by radar altimetry data: Evaluation in the Amazon basin: AUTOMATIC PARAMETERIZATION USING RADAR ALTIMETRY DATA Getirana, Augusto C. V.; Boone, Aaron; Yamazaki, Dai Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20077	journal	January 2013
Estimation of river depth from remotely sensed hydraulic relationships: Remotely Sensed Estimation of River Depth Mersel, Matthew K.; Smith, Laurence C.; Andreadis, Konstantinos M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20176	journal	June 2013
Evaluating controls on coupled hydrologic and vegetation dynamics in a humid continental climate watershed using a subsurface-land surface processes model: EVALUATING CONTROLS ON HYDROLOGIC AND VEGETATION DYNAMICS Shen, Chaopeng; Niu, Jie; Phanikumar, Mantha S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20189	journal	May 2013
The importance of hydraulic groundwater theory in catchment hydrology: The legacy of Wilfried Brutsaert and Jean-Yves Parlange: REVIEW Troch, Peter A.; Berne, Alexis; Bogaart, Patrick Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20407	journal	September 2013
Improving computational efficiency in global river models by implementing the local inertial flow equation and a vector-based river network map: Speeding Up Global River Model Simulations Yamazaki, Dai; de Almeida, Gustavo A. M.; Bates, Paul D. Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20552	journal	November 2013
A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes Jackson, R. B.; Canadell, J.; Ehleringer, J. R. Oecologia, Vol. 108, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00333714	journal	November 1996
Environmental impacts of groundwater overdraft: selected case studies in the southwestern United States Zektser, S.; Lo�iciga, H. A.; Wolf, J. T. Environmental Geology, Vol. 47, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-004-1164-3	journal	October 2004
Relevance of soil moisture for seasonal atmospheric predictions: is it an initial value problem? Douville, H. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 22, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-003-0386-5	journal	April 2004
Direct human influence of irrigation on atmospheric water vapour and climate Boucher, O.; Myhre, G.; Myhre, A. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 22, Issue 6-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-004-0402-4	journal	April 2004
Effects of global irrigation on the near-surface climate Sacks, William J.; Cook, Benjamin I.; Buenning, Nikolaus Climate Dynamics, Vol. 33, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-008-0445-z	journal	July 2008
Climate–soil–vegetation control on groundwater table dynamics and its feedbacks in a climate model Leung, L. Ruby; Huang, Maoyi; Qian, Yun Climate Dynamics, Vol. 36, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0746-x	journal	January 2010
A simple hydrologic framework for simulating wetlands in climate and earth system models Fan, Ying; Miguez-Macho, Gonzalo Climate Dynamics, Vol. 37, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0829-8	journal	June 2010
Global off-line evaluation of the ISBA-TRIP flood model Decharme, B.; Alkama, R.; Papa, F. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 38, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1054-9	journal	April 2011
The impact of new land surface physics on the GCM simulation of climate and climate sensitivity Cox, P. M.; Betts, R. A.; Bunton, C. B. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820050276	journal	March 1999
Investigating the nexus of climate, energy, water, and land at decision-relevant scales: the Platform for Regional Integrated Modeling and Analysis (PRIMA) Kraucunas, Ian; Clarke, Leon; Dirks, James Climatic Change, Vol. 129, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1064-9	journal	February 2014
BioEarth: Envisioning and developing a new regional earth system model to inform natural and agricultural resource management Adam, Jennifer C.; Stephens, Jennie C.; Chung, Serena H. Climatic Change, Vol. 129, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1115-2	journal	April 2014
Three-phase numerical model of water migration in partially frozen geological media: model formulation, validation, and applications Painter, Scott L. Computational Geosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-010-9197-z	journal	August 2010
Blueprint for a physically-based, digitally-simulated hydrologic response model Freeze, R. Allan; Harlan, R. L. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(69)90020-1	journal	November 1969
Kinematic flow approximation of runoff on a plane: An exact analytical solution Parlange, J. -Y.; Rose, C. W.; Sander, G. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 52, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(81)90104-9	journal	June 1981
Conceptualization and scale in hydrology Klemeš, Vít Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 65, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(83)90208-1	journal	August 1983
Macrohydrology — The new challenge for process hydrology Shuttleworth, W. James Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 100, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90180-1	journal	July 1988
A distributed model for real-time flood forecasting using digital elevation models Garrote, Luis; Bras, Rafael L. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 167, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(94)02592-Y	journal	May 1995
Testing and validating environmental models Kirchner, James W.; Hooper, Richard P.; Kendall, Carol Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 183, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04971-1	journal	April 1996
Prophecy, reality and uncertainty in distributed hydrological modelling Beven, Keith Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1708(93)90028-E	journal	January 1993
Issues related to low resolution modeling of soil moisture: experience with the PLACE model Boone, Aaron; Wetzel, Peter J. Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 13, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8181(95)00044-5	journal	June 1996
Surface soil moisture parameterization of the VIC-2L model: Evaluation and modification Liang, Xu; Wood, Eric F.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 13, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8181(95)00046-1	journal	June 1996
Review and comparison of models for describing non-equilibrium and preferential flow and transport in the vadose zone Šimůnek, Jirka; Jarvis, Nick J.; van Genuchten, M. Th. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 272, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00252-4	journal	March 2003
Improvement of a parsimonious model for streamflow simulation Perrin, Charles; Michel, Claude; Andréassian, Vazken Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 279, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00225-7	journal	August 2003
On using eco-physiological, micrometeorological and biogeochemical theory to evaluate carbon dioxide, water vapor and trace gas fluxes over vegetation: a perspective Baldocchi, Dennis; Meyers, Tilden Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 90, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(97)00072-5	journal	March 1998
A two-leaf model for canopy conductance, photosynthesis and partitioning of available energy I: Wang, Y. -P.; Leuning, R. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 91, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(98)00061-6	journal	May 1998
Physiological tradeoffs in the parameterization of a model of canopy transpiration Mackay, D. S.; Ahl, D. E.; Ewers, B. E. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(02)00090-8	journal	February 2003
Accurate and economical solution of the pressure-head form of Richards' equation by the method of lines Tocci, Michael D.; Kelley, C. T.; Miller, Cass T. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(96)00008-5	journal	February 1997
The dynamic role of root-water uptake in coupling potential to actual transpiration Lai, Chun-Ta; Katul, Gabriel Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 23, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(99)00023-8	journal	January 2000
Simulation of high latitude hydrological processes in the Torne–Kalix basin: PILPS Phase 2(e) Nijssen, Bart; Bowling, Laura C.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 38, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00004-3	journal	July 2003
A fully coupled physically-based spatially-distributed model for evaluating surface/subsurface flow Panday, Sorab; Huyakorn, Peter S. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 27, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.02.016	journal	April 2004
A spatially and temporally adaptive solution of Richards’ equation Miller, Cass T.; Abhishek, Chandra; Farthing, Matthew W. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.06.008	journal	April 2006
Integrated surface–groundwater flow modeling: A free-surface overland flow boundary condition in a parallel groundwater flow model Kollet, Stefan J.; Maxwell, Reed M. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 29, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.08.006	journal	July 2006
The groundwater–land-surface–atmosphere connection: Soil moisture effects on the atmospheric boundary layer in fully-coupled simulations Maxwell, Reed M.; Chow, Fotini Katopodes; Kollet, Stefan J. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 30, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2007.05.018	journal	December 2007
Quantifying the effects of three-dimensional subsurface heterogeneity on Hortonian runoff processes using a coupled numerical, stochastic approach Maxwell, Reed M.; Kollet, Stefan J. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.01.020	journal	May 2008
A process-based, distributed hydrologic model based on a large-scale method for surface–subsurface coupling Shen, Chaopeng; Phanikumar, Mantha S. Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 33, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2010.09.002	journal	December 2010
Biological constraints on water transport in the soil–plant–atmosphere system Manzoni, Stefano; Vico, Giulia; Porporato, Amilcare Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 51 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.016	journal	January 2013
Tree root systems competing for soil moisture in a 3D soil–plant model Manoli, Gabriele; Bonetti, Sara; Domec, Jean-Christophe Advances in Water Resources, Vol. 66 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.01.006	journal	April 2014
Causal models as multiple working hypotheses about environmental processes Beven, Keith Comptes Rendus Geoscience, Vol. 344, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2012.01.005	journal	February 2012
Quantifying the effects of data integration algorithms on the outcomes of a subsurface–land surface processes model Shen, Chaopeng; Niu, Jie; Fang, Kuai Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.05.006	journal	September 2014
Automating data-model workflows at a level 12 HUC scale: Watershed modeling in a distributed computing environment Leonard, Lorne; Duffy, Christopher J. Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.07.015	journal	November 2014
CropSyst model evolution: From field to regional to global scales and from research to decision support systems Stöckle, Claudio O.; Kemanian, Armen R.; Nelson, Roger L. Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 62 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.006	journal	December 2014
The impact of soil depth on land surface energy and water fluxes in the North American Monsoon region Gochis, David J.; Vivoni, Enrique R.; Watts, Christopher J. Journal of Arid Environments, Vol. 74, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.11.002	journal	May 2010
Constraining dynamic TOPMODEL responses for imprecise water table information using fuzzy rule based performance measures Freer, J. E.; McMillan, H.; McDonnell, J. J. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 291, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.037	journal	June 2004
The hillslope-storage Boussinesq model for non-constant bedrock slope Hilberts, A. G. J.; van Loon, E. E.; Troch, P. A. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 291, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.043	journal	June 2004
An infiltration model based on flow variability in macropores: development, sensitivity analysis and applications Weiler, Markus Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 310, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.01.010	journal	August 2005
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and synthesis Huntington, Thomas G. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 319, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.003	journal	March 2006
Effects of irrigation on the water and energy balances of the Colorado and Mekong river basins Haddeland, Ingjerd; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Skaugen, Thomas Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 324, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.09.028	journal	June 2006
Climate non-stationarity – Validity of calibrated rainfall–runoff models for use in climate change studies Vaze, J.; Post, D. A.; Chiew, F. H. S. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 394, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.09.018	journal	November 2010
The role of macropores and multi-resolution soil survey datasets for distributed surface–subsurface flow modeling Yu, Xuan; Duffy, Christopher; Baldwin, Doug C. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 516 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.055	journal	August 2014
Assessing the potential global extent of SWOT river discharge observations Pavelsky, Tamlin M.; Durand, Michael T.; Andreadis, Konstantinos M. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 519 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.044	journal	November 2014
Development of the minimal advanced treatments of surface interaction and runoff Takata, Kumiko; Emori, Seita; Watanabe, Tsutomu Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 38, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8181(03)00030-4	journal	July 2003
The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS) phase 2(c) Red-Arkansas River basin experiment: Liang, Xu; Wood, Eric F.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 19, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8181(98)00045-9	journal	December 1998
The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS) phase 2(c) Red–Arkansas River basin experiment: Lohmann, Dag; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Liang, Xu Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 19, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8181(98)00046-0	journal	December 1998
Surface Heterogeneity and Vertical Structure of the Boundary Layer Mahrt, L. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 96, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002482332477	journal	August 2000
The role of root distribution for climate simulation over land Zeng, Xubin; Dai, Yong-Jiu; Dickinson, Robert E. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 25, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1029/1998GL900216	journal	December 1998
A comparison of simplified methods for routing topographically driven subsurface flow Wigmosta, Mark S.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Water Resources Research, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900017	journal	January 1999
Observed spatial organization of soil moisture and its relation to terrain indices Western, Andrew W.; Grayson, Rodger B.; Blöschl, Günter Water Resources Research, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900065	journal	March 1999
A parameterization of snowpack and frozen ground intended for NCEP weather and climate models Koren, V.; Schaake, J.; Mitchell, K. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D16 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900232	journal	August 1999
Use of the Richards equation in land surface parameterizations Lee, Deborah H.; Abriola, Linda M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D22 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900951	journal	November 1999
Landscapes as patches of plant functional types: An integrating concept for climate and ecosystem models: PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES AND CLIMATE MODELS Bonan, Gordon B.; Levis, Samuel; Kergoat, Laurent Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001360	journal	May 2002
Sensitivity of surface fluxes to the number of layers in the soil model used in GCMs de Rosnay, P.; Bruen, M.; Polcher, J. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 27, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011574	journal	October 2000
A catchment-based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model: 1. Model structure Koster, Randal D.; Suarez, Max J.; Ducharne, Agnès Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 105, Issue D20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900327	journal	October 2000
A catchment-based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model: 2. Parameter estimation and model demonstration Ducharne, Agnès; Koster, Randal D.; Suarez, Max J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 105, Issue D20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900328	journal	October 2000
Hydrologic-Response simulations for the R-5 catchment with a comprehensive physics-based model VanderKwaak, Joel E.; Loague, Keith Water Resources Research, Vol. 37, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900272	journal	April 2001
Impact of a physically based soil water flow and soil-plant interaction representation for modeling large-scale land surface processes: PHYSICALLY BASED SOIL HYDROLOGY IN GCM de Rosnay, P.; Polcher, J.; Bruen, M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 107, Issue D11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000634	journal	June 2002
On the dialog between experimentalist and modeler in catchment hydrology: Use of soft data for multicriteria model calibration: SOFT DATA Seibert, Jan; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. Water Resources Research, Vol. 38, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000978	journal	November 2002
A new parameterization for surface and groundwater interactions and its impact on water budgets with the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) land surface model Liang, Xu Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, Issue D16 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003090	journal	January 2003
Implementation of Noah land surface model advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operational mesoscale Eta model Ek, M. B.; Mitchell, K. E.; Lin, Y. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D22 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003296	journal	November 2003
Hillslope-storage Boussinesq model for subsurface flow and variable source areas along complex hillslopes: 1. Formulation and characteristic response: HILLSLOPE-STORAGE BOUSSINESQ MODEL, 1 Troch, Peter A.; Paniconi, Claudio; Emiel van Loon, E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 39, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001728	journal	November 2003
Hillslope-storage Boussinesq model for subsurface flow and variable source areas along complex hillslopes: 2. Intercomparison with a three-dimensional Richards equation model: HILLSLOPE-STORAGE BOUSSINESQ MODEL, 2 Paniconi, Claudio; Troch, Peter A.; van Loon, E. Emiel Water Resources Research, Vol. 39, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001730	journal	November 2003
Streamflow and water balance intercomparisons of four land surface models in the North American Land Data Assimilation System project Lohmann, Dag Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003517	journal	January 2004
Catchment hydrologic response with a fully distributed triangulated irregular network model: CATCHMENT HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE WITH A TIN Ivanov, Valeriy Y.; Vivoni, Enrique R.; Bras, Rafael L. Water Resources Research, Vol. 40, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003218	journal	November 2004
A simple TOPMODEL-based runoff parameterization (SIMTOP) for use in global climate models Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang; Dickinson, Robert E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006111	journal	January 2005
Drainage of a horizontal Boussinesq aquifer with a power law hydraulic conductivity profile: DRAINAGE OF A HORIZONTAL BOUSSINESQ AQUIFER Rupp, David E.; Selker, John S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 41, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004241	journal	November 2005
Tragedy of the commons in plant water use: TRAGEDY OF COMMONS IN PLANT WATER USE Zea-Cabrera, Eduardo; Iwasa, Yoh; Levin, Simon Water Resources Research, Vol. 42, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004514	journal	April 2006
Development of a simple groundwater model for use in climate models and evaluation with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang; Dickinson, Robert E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007522	journal	January 2007
Incorporating water table dynamics in climate modeling: 1. Water table observations and equilibrium water table simulations: WATER TABLE OBSERVATIONS Fan, Ying; Miguez-Macho, Gonzalo; Weaver, Christopher P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 112, Issue D10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008111	journal	May 2007
Incorporating water table dynamics in climate modeling: 2. Formulation, validation, and soil moisture simulation: SOIL MOISTURE SIMULATION WITH WATER TABLE Miguez-Macho, Gonzalo; Fan, Ying; Weaver, Christopher P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 112, Issue D13 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008112	journal	July 2007
Validation of the land water storage simulated by Organising Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data: LAND WATER STORAGE SIMULATED BY ORCHIDEE Ngo-Duc, T.; Laval, K.; Ramillien, G. Water Resources Research, Vol. 43, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR004941	journal	April 2007
On the use of the Boussinesq equation for interpreting recession hydrographs from sloping aquifers: BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR SLOPING AQUIFERS Rupp, David E.; Selker, John S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 42, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005080	journal	December 2006
Moving beyond heterogeneity and process complexity: A new vision for watershed hydrology: OPINION McDonnell, J. J.; Sivapalan, M.; Vaché, K. Water Resources Research, Vol. 43, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005467	journal	July 2007
A semidiscrete finite volume formulation for multiprocess watershed simulation: MULTIPROCESS WATERSHED SIMULATION Qu, Yizhong; Duffy, Christopher J. Water Resources Research, Vol. 43, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005752	journal	August 2007
Representing the effects of subgrid variability of soil moisture on runoff generation in a land surface model Clark, Douglas B.; Gedney, Nicola Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008940	journal	January 2008
A process-based diagnostic approach to model evaluation: Application to the NWS distributed hydrologic model: PROCESS-BASED DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGIC MODEL Yilmaz, Koray K.; Gupta, Hoshin V.; Wagener, Thorsten Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006716	journal	September 2008
Framework for Understanding Structural Errors (FUSE): A modular framework to diagnose differences between hydrological models: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HYDROLOGICAL MODELS Clark, Martyn P.; Slater, Andrew G.; Rupp, David E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006735	journal	August 2008
New Global Hydrography Derived From Spaceborne Elevation Data Lehner, Bernhard; Verdin, Kristine; Jarvis, Andy Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008EO100001	journal	January 2008
Ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation for a process-based catchment scale model of surface and subsurface flow: EnKF FOR A MODEL OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FLOW Camporese, Matteo; Paniconi, Claudio; Putti, Mario Water Resources Research, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007031	journal	October 2009
On the impact of surface heterogeneity on a realistic convective boundary layer: SURFACE HETEROGENEITY IMPACTS ON THE CBL Huang, Hsin-Yuan; Margulis, Steven A. Water Resources Research, Vol. 45, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007175	journal	April 2009
Multiscale parameter regionalization of a grid-based hydrologic model at the mesoscale: MULTISCALE PARAMETER REGIONALIZATION Samaniego, Luis; Kumar, Rohini; Attinger, Sabine Water Resources Research, Vol. 46, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007327	journal	May 2010
Modeling soil depth from topographic and land cover attributes: SOIL DEPTH FROM TOPOGRAPHY AND LAND COVER Tesfa, Teklu K.; Tarboton, David G.; Chandler, David G. Water Resources Research, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007474	journal	October 2009
Surface-subsurface flow modeling with path-based runoff routing, boundary condition-based coupling, and assimilation of multisource observation data: SURFACE-SUBSURFACE FLOW MODELING Camporese, M.; Paniconi, C.; Putti, M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 46, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007536	journal	February 2010
The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP): 1. Model description and evaluation with local-scale measurements Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang; Mitchell, Kenneth E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015139	journal	January 2011
Diagnosing errors in a land surface model (CABLE) in the time and frequency domains Wang, Ying Ping; Kowalczyk, Eva; Leuning, Ray Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue G1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001385	journal	January 2011
A physically based description of floodplain inundation dynamics in a global river routing model: FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION DYNAMICS Yamazaki, Dai; Kanae, Shinjiro; Kim, Hyungjun Water Resources Research, Vol. 47, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009726	journal	April 2011
Pursuing the method of multiple working hypotheses for hydrological modeling: HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN HYDROLOGY Clark, Martyn P.; Kavetski, Dmitri; Fenicia, Fabrizio Water Resources Research, Vol. 47, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009827	journal	September 2011
A long-term data set for hydrologic modeling in a snow-dominated mountain catchment: A 25 YEAR DATA SET FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELING Reba, Michele L.; Marks, Danny; Seyfried, Mark Water Resources Research, Vol. 47, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010030	journal	July 2011
Numerical analysis of air-water-heat flow in unsaturated soil: Is it necessary to consider airflow in land surface models? Zeng, Yijian; Su, Zhongbo; Wan, Li Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015835	journal	January 2011
Continental-scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for the North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase 2 (NLDAS-2): 1. Intercomparison and application of model products: WATER AND ENERGY FLUX ANALYSIS Xia, Youlong; Mitchell, Kenneth; Ek, Michael Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016048	journal	February 2012
Continental-scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase 2 (NLDAS-2): 2. Validation of model-simulated streamflow: VALIDATION OF MODEL-SIMULATED STREAMFLOW Xia, Youlong; Mitchell, Kenneth; Ek, Michael Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016051	journal	February 2012
Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model Lawrence, David M.; Oleson, Keith W.; Flanner, Mark G. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011MS000045	journal	January 2011
Comment on “Hyperresolution global land surface modeling: Meeting a grand challenge for monitoring Earth's terrestrial water” by Eric F. Wood et al.: COMMENTARY Beven, Keith J.; Cloke, Hannah L. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010982	journal	January 2012
Towards a comprehensive assessment of model structural adequacy: ASSESSMENT OF MODEL STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY Gupta, Hoshin V.; Clark, Martyn P.; Vrugt, Jasper A. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011044	journal	August 2012
Reply to comment by Keith J. Beven and Hannah L. Cloke on “Hyperresolution global land surface modeling: Meeting a grand challenge for monitoring Earth's terrestrial water”: COMMENTARY Wood, Eric F.; Roundy, Joshua K.; Troy, Tara J. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011202	journal	January 2012
Competitive and mutualistic dependencies in multispecies vegetation dynamics enabled by hydraulic redistribution: MULTISPECIES VEGETATION DYNAMICS Quijano, Juan C.; Kumar, Praveen; Drewry, Darren T. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011416	journal	May 2012
Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model: PARAMETERIZATION IMPROVEMENTS AND FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL ADVANCES Lawrence, David M.; Oleson, Keith W.; Flanner, Mark G. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011ms00045	journal	January 2011
The role of groundwater in the Amazon water cycle: 1. Influence on seasonal streamflow, flooding and wetlands: AMAZON GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER LINK Miguez-Macho, Gonzalo; Fan, Ying Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D15 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017539	journal	August 2012
The role of groundwater in the Amazon water cycle: 2. Influence on seasonal soil moisture and evapotranspiration: AMAZON GROUNDWATER AND SEASONAL ET Miguez-Macho, Gonzalo; Fan, Ying Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D15 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017540	journal	August 2012
A new fractional snow-covered area parameterization for the Community Land Model and its effect on the surface energy balance: CLM SNOW COVER FRACTION Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018178	journal	November 2012
Improved simulation of the terrestrial hydrological cycle in permafrost regions by the Community Land Model: IMPROVED CLM COLD-REGION HYDROLOGY Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M.; Lee, Hanna Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012MS000165	journal	March 2012
Analysis of the water level dynamics simulated by a global river model: A case study in the Amazon River: WATER LEVEL DYNAMICS IN A GLOBAL RIVER MODEL Yamazaki, Dai; Lee, Hyongki; Alsdorf, Douglas E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR011869	journal	September 2012
An evaluation of models of bare soil evaporation formulated with different land surface boundary conditions and assumptions: MODELS OF BARE SOIL EVAPORATION Smits, Kathleen M.; Ngo, Viet V.; Cihan, Abdullah Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012113	journal	December 2012
Comment on “Pursuing the method of multiple working hypotheses for hydrological modeling” by P. Clark et al.: COMMENTARY Beven, Keith; Smith, Paul; Westerberg, Ida Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012282	journal	November 2012
A new global river network database for macroscale hydrologic modeling: DATA AND ANALYSIS NOTE Wu, Huan; Kimball, John S.; Li, Hongyi Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012313	journal	September 2012
Reply to comment by K. Beven et al. on “Pursuing the method of multiple working hypotheses for hydrological modeling”: COMMENTARY Clark, Martyn P.; Kavetski, Dmitri; Fenicia, Fabrizio Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012547	journal	November 2012
Modeling the land surface boundary in climate models as a composite of independent vegetation stands Koster, Randal D.; Suarez, Max J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 97, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD01696	journal	January 1992
A land-surface hydrology parameterization with subgrid variability for general circulation models Wood, Eric F.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Zartarian, Valerie G. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 97, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD01786	journal	January 1992
A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models Liang, Xu; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Wood, Eric F. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, Issue D7 https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD00483	journal	January 1994
Multiscale modeling of spatially variable water and energy balance processes Famiglietti, J. S.; Wood, E. F. Water Resources Research, Vol. 30, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR01498	journal	November 1994
Modeling of land surface evaporation by four schemes and comparison with FIFE observations Chen, Fei; Mitchell, Kenneth; Schaake, John Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 101, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JD02165	journal	March 1996
Simple water balance model for estimating runoff at different spatial and temporal scales Schaake, John C.; Koren, Victor I.; Duan, Qing-Yun Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 101, Issue D3 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JD02892	journal	March 1996
Representation of heterogeneity effects in Earth system modeling: Experience from land surface modeling Giorgi, Filippo; Avissar, Roni Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 35, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/97RG01754	journal	November 1997
Analytical solutions to hillslope subsurface storm flow and saturation overland flow Fan, Ying; Bras, Rafael L. Water Resources Research, Vol. 34, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR03516	journal	April 1998
Assessment of hydrologic parameter uncertainty and the worth of multiresponse data Kuczera, George; Mroczkowski, Marek Water Resources Research, Vol. 34, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00496	journal	June 1998
Field test of a modified numerical model for water uptake by root systems Feddes, R. A.; Bresler, E.; Neuman, S. P. Water Resources Research, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR010i006p01199	journal	December 1974
Empirical equations for some soil hydraulic properties Clapp, Roger B.; Hornberger, George M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR014i004p00601	journal	August 1978
A distribution function approach to rainfall runoff modeling Moore, R. J.; Clarke, R. T. Water Resources Research, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR017i005p01367	journal	October 1981
Macropores and water flow in soils Beven, Keith; Germann, Peter Water Resources Research, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i005p01311	journal	October 1982
The emergence of global-scale hydrology Eagleson, Peter S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 22, Issue 9S https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i09Sp0006S	journal	August 1986
Looking for hydrologic laws Dooge, James C. I. Water Resources Research, Vol. 22, Issue 9S https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i09Sp0046S	journal	August 1986
A parametric model for constitutive properties governing multiphase flow in porous media Parker, J. C.; Lenhard, R. J.; Kuppusamy, T. Water Resources Research, Vol. 23, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i004p00618	journal	April 1987
Approximate Analytical Solutions for Overland Flows Govindaraju, R. S.; Kavvas, M. L.; Jones, S. E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 26, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i012p02903	journal	December 1990
The emergence of global-scale hydrology Eagleson, Peter S. History of Geophysics: Volume 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/hg004p0128	book	January 1990
A large-scale horizontal routing model to be coupled to land surface parametrization schemes Lohmann, Dag; Nolte-Holube, Ralph; Raschke, Ehrhard Tellus A, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.1996.t01-3-00009.x	journal	October 1996
Sensitivity of regional climates to localized precipitation in global models Pitman, A. J.; Henderson-Sellers, A.; Yang, Z-L. Nature, Vol. 346, Issue 6286 https://doi.org/10.1038/346734a0	journal	August 1990
Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions Barnett, T. P.; Adam, J. C.; Lettenmaier, D. P. Nature, Vol. 438, Issue 7066 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04141	journal	November 2005
Ground water and climate change Taylor, Richard G.; Scanlon, Bridget; Döll, Petra Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1744	journal	November 2012
Interdependence of groundwater dynamics and land-energy feedbacks under climate change Maxwell, Reed M.; Kollet, Stefan J. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo315	journal	September 2008
The Paris Climate Agreement and future sea-level rise from Antarctica DeConto, Robert M.; Pollard, David; Alley, Richard B. Nature, Vol. 593, Issue 7857 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03427-0	journal	May 2021
Water deficits and hydraulic limits to leaf water supply Sperry, J. S.; Hacke, U. G.; Oren, R. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00799.x	journal	February 2002
Rooting depths, lateral root spreads and below-ground/above-ground allometries of plants in water-limited ecosystems Schenk, H. Jochen; Jackson, Robert B. Journal of Ecology, Vol. 90, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00682.x	journal	May 2002
Limitation of plant water use by rhizosphere and xylem conductance: results from a model Sperry, J. S.; Adler, F. R.; Campbell, G. S. Plant, Cell and Environment, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00287.x	journal	April 1998
Influence of nutrient versus water supply on hydraulic architecture and water balance in Pinus taeda Ewers, B. E.; Oren, R.; Sperry, J. S. Plant, Cell & Environment, Vol. 23, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00625.x	journal	October 2000
Root dynamics and global change: seeking an ecosystem perspective: REVIEW Root dynamics and global change Norby, Richard J.; Jackson, Robert B. New Phytologist, Vol. 147, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00676.x	journal	July 2000
GSSHA: Model To Simulate Diverse Stream Flow Producing Processes Downer, Charles W.; Ogden, Fred L. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:3(161)	journal	May 2004
Generation of Triangulated Irregular Networks Based on Hydrological Similarity Vivoni, Enrique R.; Ivanov, Valeri Y.; Bras, Rafael L. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:4(288)	journal	July 2004
Analytical Solutions of Nonlinear Kinematic Wave Model Mizumura, Kazumasa Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2006)11:6(539)	journal	November 2006
Prediction of Cryo-SWCC during Freezing Based on Pore-Size Distribution Noh, Jeong-Hyun; Lee, Seung-Rae; Park, Hyunku International Journal of Geomechanics, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000134	journal	August 2012
Analytical Solution of Nonlinear Kinematic Wave Model with Time-Varying Rainfall Mizumura, Kazumasa; Ito, Yu Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000365	journal	September 2011
Influence of Moving Rainstorms on Overland Flow of an Open Book Type Using Kinematic Wave Mizumura, Kazumasa; Ito, Yu Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 16, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000398	journal	November 2011
Toward global mapping of river discharge using satellite images and at-many-stations hydraulic geometry Gleason, Colin J.; Smith, Laurence C. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1317606111	journal	March 2014
There are no hydrological monsters, just models and observations with large uncertainties! Kuczera, George; Renard, Benjamin; Thyer, Mark Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 55, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2010.504677	journal	August 2010
A physically based, variable contributing area model of basin hydrology / Un modèle à base physique de zone d'appel variable de l'hydrologie du bassin versant Beven, K. J.; Kirkby, M. J. Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, Vol. 24, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667909491834	journal	March 1979
Regional scale hydrology: I. Formulation of the VIC-2L model coupled to a routing model Lohmann, D.; Raschke, E.; Nijssen, B. Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 43, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/02626669809492107	journal	February 1998
Embedding landscape processes into triangulated terrain models Vivoni, Enrique R.; Teles, Vanessa; Ivanov, Valeriy Y. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 19, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810512331325111	journal	April 2005
Use of a simulation model and ecosystem flux data to examine carbon-water interactions in ponderosa pine Williams, M.; Law, B. E.; Anthoni, P. M. Tree Physiology, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.5.287	journal	March 2001
Interactive effects of nocturnal transpiration and climate change on the root hydraulic redistribution and carbon and water budgets of southern United States pine plantations Domec, J. -C.; Ogee, J.; Noormets, A. Tree Physiology, Vol. 32, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps018	journal	March 2012
DigitalCrust - a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow Fan, Y.; Richard, S.; Bristol, R. S. Geofluids, Vol. 15, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12114	journal	October 2014
Water flow in soil Macropores ii. a Combined flow Model Seven, K.; Germann, P. Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1981.tb01682.x	journal	March 1981
Implementing plant hydraulic architecture within the LPJ Dynamic Global Vegetation Model Hickler, Thomas; Prentice, I. Colin; Smith, Benjamin Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 0, Issue 0 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2006.00254.x	journal	August 2006
The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients Hodge, Angela New Phytologist, Vol. 162, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01015.x	journal	April 2004
Catchment Classification and Hydrologic Similarity Wagener, Thorsten; Sivapalan, Murugesu; Troch, Peter Geography Compass, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00039.x	journal	July 2007
Confronting model predictions of carbon fluxes with measurements of Amazon forests subjected to experimental drought Powell, Thomas L.; Galbraith, David R.; Christoffersen, Bradley O. New Phytologist, Vol. 200, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12390	journal	July 2013
Evaluating theories of drought-induced vegetation mortality using a multimodel-experiment framework McDowell, Nate G.; Fisher, Rosie A.; Xu, Chonggang New Phytologist, Vol. 200, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12465	journal	September 2013
Global Consequences of Land Use Foley, J. A. Science, Vol. 309, Issue 5734 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1111772	journal	July 2005
Global Patterns of Groundwater Table Depth Fan, Y.; Li, H.; Miguez-Macho, G. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6122 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1229881	journal	February 2013
Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere Sellers, P. J. Science, Vol. 275, Issue 5299 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.275.5299.502	journal	January 1997
Land Surface Hydrology Parameterization for Atmospheric General Circulation models Including Subgrid Scale Spatial Variability Entekhabi, D.; Eagleson, P. S. Journal of Climate, Vol. 2, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1989)002<0816:LSHPFA>2.0.CO;2	journal	August 1989
A Fine-Mesh Land Approach for General Circulation Models and Its Impact on Regional Climate Hahmann, Andrea N.; Dickinson, Robert E. Journal of Climate, Vol. 14, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1634:AFMLAF>2.0.CO;2	journal	April 2001
The Rhône-Aggregation Land Surface Scheme Intercomparison Project: An Overview Boone, A.; Habets, F.; Noilhan, J. Journal of Climate, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0187:TRLSSI>2.0.CO;2	journal	January 2004
Impact of Land-Surface Moisture Variability on Local Shallow Convective Cumulus and Precipitation in Large-Scale Models Chen, Fei; Avissar, Roni Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 33, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<1382:IOLSMV>2.0.CO;2	journal	December 1994
Modeling Root Water Uptake in Hydrological and Climate Models Feddes, Reinder A.; Hoff, Holger; Bruen, Michael Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 82, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2797:MRWUIH>2.3.CO;2	journal	December 2001
SIMULATED CLIMATOLOGY OF A GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL WITH A HYDROLOGIC CYCLE ¹ Manabe, Syukuro; Smagorinsky, Joseph; Strickler, Robert F. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 93, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1965)093<0769:SCOAGC>2.3.CO;2	journal	December 1965
CLIMATE AND THE OCEAN CIRCULATION ¹ : I. THE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION AND THE HYDROLOGY OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE Manabe, Syukuro Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 97, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1969)097<0739:CATOC>2.3.CO;2	journal	November 1969
A Parameterization of Heterogeneous Land Surfaces for Atmospheric Numerical Models and Its Impact on Regional Meteorology Avissar, R.; Pielke, R. A. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 117, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<2113:APOHLS>2.0.CO;2	journal	October 1989
Global Vegetation Root Distribution for Land Modeling Zeng, Xubin Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2001)002<0525:GVRDFL>2.0.CO;2	journal	October 2001
Sensitivity of the Continental Hydrological Cycle to the Spatial Resolution over the Iberian Peninsula Vérant, S.; Laval, K.; Polcher, J. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0267:SOTCHC>2.0.CO;2	journal	April 2004
Radiative Transfer Modeling of a Coniferous Canopy Characterized by Airborne Remote Sensing Essery, Richard; Bunting, Peter; Rowlands, Aled Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JHM870.1	journal	April 2008
Evaluating the Performance of Land Surface Models Abramowitz, Gab; Leuning, Ray; Clark, Martyn Journal of Climate, Vol. 21, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2378.1	journal	November 2008
Improving the Numerical Solution of Soil Moisture–Based Richards Equation for Land Models with a Deep or Shallow Water Table Zeng, Xubin; Decker, Mark Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM1011.1	journal	February 2009
A Revised Hydrology for the ECMWF Model: Verification from Field Site to Terrestrial Water Storage and Impact in the Integrated Forecast System Balsamo, Gianpaolo; Beljaars, Anton; Scipal, Klaus Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM1068.1	journal	June 2009
On the Hydrologic Adjustment of Climate-Model Projections: The Potential Pitfall of Potential Evapotranspiration Milly, P. C. D.; Dunne, Krista A. Earth Interactions, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010EI363.1	journal	January 2011
Comments on “Improving the Numerical Simulation of Soil Moisture–Based Richards Equation for Land Models with a Deep or Shallow Water Table” de Rooij, Gerrit H. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1189.1	journal	August 2010
Reply Zeng, Xubin; Decker, Mark Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1199.1	journal	August 2010
Global Evaluation of the ISBA-TRIP Continental Hydrological System. Part I: Comparison to GRACE Terrestrial Water Storage Estimates and In Situ River Discharges Alkama, R.; Decharme, B.; Douville, H. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1211.1	journal	June 2010
Global Evaluation of the ISBA-TRIP Continental Hydrological System. Part II: Uncertainties in River Routing Simulation Related to Flow Velocity and Groundwater Storage Decharme, B.; Alkama, R.; Douville, H. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1212.1	journal	June 2010
Development of a Coupled Groundwater–Atmosphere Model Maxwell, Reed M.; Lundquist, Julie K.; Mirocha, Jeffrey D. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 139, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3392.1	journal	January 2011
The Second Phase of the Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment: Soil Moisture Contributions to Subseasonal Forecast Skill Koster, R. D.; Mahanama, S. P. P.; Yamada, T. J. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JHM1365.1	journal	October 2011
Acceleration of Land Surface Model Development over a Decade of Glass van den Hurk, Bart; Best, Martin; Dirmeyer, Paul Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 92, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00007.1	journal	December 2011
The Community Earth System Model: A Framework for Collaborative Research Hurrell, James W.; Holland, M. M.; Gent, P. R. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00121.1	journal	September 2013
GFDL’s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate–Carbon Earth System Models. Part I: Physical Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics Dunne, John P.; John, Jasmin G.; Adcroft, Alistair J. Journal of Climate, Vol. 25, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00560.1	journal	October 2012
Representation of Water Table Dynamics in a Land Surface Scheme. Part I: Model Development Yeh, Pat J-F.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. Journal of Climate, Vol. 18, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3330.1	journal	June 2005
Representation of Water Table Dynamics in a Land Surface Scheme. Part II: Subgrid Variability Yeh, Pat J-F.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. Journal of Climate, Vol. 18, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3331.1	journal	June 2005
Incorporating Anthropogenic Water Regulation Modules into a Land Surface Model Pokhrel, Yadu; Hanasaki, Naota; Koirala, Sujan Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-11-013.1	journal	February 2012
Development of a Coupled Land Surface Hydrologic Model and Evaluation at a Critical Zone Observatory Shi, Yuning; Davis, Kenneth J.; Duffy, Christopher J. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-0145.1	journal	October 2013
A Physically Based Runoff Routing Model for Land Surface and Earth System Models Li, Hongyi; Wigmosta, Mark S.; Wu, Huan Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-015.1	journal	June 2013
Evaluation of the Parameter Sensitivities of a Coupled Land Surface Hydrologic Model at a Critical Zone Observatory Shi, Yuning; Davis, Kenneth J.; Zhang, Fuqing Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-0177.1	journal	February 2014
An Enhanced Model of Land Water and Energy for Global Hydrologic and Earth-System Studies Milly, P. C. D.; Malyshev, Sergey L.; Shevliakova, Elena Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-0162.1	journal	October 2014
Modeling the Effects of Groundwater-Fed Irrigation on Terrestrial Hydrology over the Conterminous United States Leng, Guoyong; Huang, Maoyi; Tang, Qiuhong Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-049.1	journal	June 2014
Evaluating Global Streamflow Simulations by a Physically Based Routing Model Coupled with the Community Land Model Li, Hong-Yi; Leung, L. Ruby; Getirana, Augusto Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0079.1	journal	April 2015
Development of a Coupled Land Surface and Groundwater Model Maxwell, Reed M.; Miller, Norman L. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM422.1	journal	June 2005
GLACE: The Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment. Part I: Overview Koster, Randal D.; Sud, Y. C.; Guo, Zhichang Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM510.1	journal	August 2006
Do Global Models Properly Represent the Feedback between Land and Atmosphere? Dirmeyer, Paul A.; Koster, Randal D.; Guo, Zhichang Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM532.1	journal	December 2006
Effects of Frozen Soil on Snowmelt Runoff and Soil Water Storage at a Continental Scale Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM538.1	journal	October 2006
A Multiscale Nonhydrostatic Atmospheric Model Using Centroidal Voronoi Tesselations and C-Grid Staggering Skamarock, William C.; Klemp, Joseph B.; Duda, Michael G. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 140, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-11-00215.1	journal	September 2012
Development and testing of the WaterGAP 2 global model of water use and availability Alcamo, Joseph; DÖLl, Petra; Henrichs, Thomas Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 48, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.48.3.317.45290	journal	June 2003
Patterns of river width and surface area revealed by the satellite-derived North American River Width data set H., Allen, George; M., Pavelsky, Tamlin The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/d5nk-yj58	text	January 2015
A Set of Analytical Benchmarks to Test Numerical Models of Flow and Transport in Soils Vanderborght, J.; Kasteel, R.; Herbst, M. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2113/4.1.206	journal	February 2005
A Closed-form Equation for Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils1 van Genuchten, M. Th. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 44, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400050002x	journal	January 1980
Water Flow and Heat Transport in Frozen Soil: Numerical Solution and Freeze-Thaw Applications Hansson, Klas; Šimůnek, Jirka; Mizoguchi, Masaru Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0693	journal	May 2004
A Second-Order Accurate, Finite Volume-Based, Integrated Hydrologic Modeling (FIHM) Framework for Simulation of Surface and Subsurface Flow Kumar, Mukesh; Duffy, Christopher J.; Salvage, Karen M. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2009.0014	journal	November 2009
Theory for Source-Responsive and Free-Surface Film Modeling of Unsaturated Flow Nimmo, John R. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2009.0085	journal	May 2010
Infiltration in Arid Environments: Spatial Patterns between Subsurface Heterogeneity and Water-Energy Balances Maxwell, Reed M. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2010.0014	journal	January 2010
The Natural Flow Regime Poff, N. LeRoy; Allan, J. David; Bain, Mark B. BioScience, Vol. 47, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.2307/1313099	journal	December 1997
A large-scale horizontal routing model to be coupled to land surface parametrization schemes Lohmann, Dag; Nolte-Holube, Ralph; Raschke, Ehrhard Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v48i5.12200	journal	January 1996
A framework for benchmarking land models Luo, Y. Q.; Randerson, J. T.; Abramowitz, G. Biogeosciences, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3857-2012	journal	January 2012
A comprehensive set of benchmark tests for a land surface model of simultaneous fluxes of water and carbon at both the global and seasonal scale Blyth, E.; Clark, D. B.; Ellis, R. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-255-2011	journal	January 2011
The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 1: Energy and water fluxes Best, M. J.; Pryor, M.; Clark, D. B. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-677-2011	journal	January 2011
Towards a public, standardized, diagnostic benchmarking system for land surface models Abramowitz, G. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-819-2012	journal	January 2012
Modeling agriculture in the Community Land Model Drewniak, B.; Song, J.; Prell, J. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-495-2013	journal	January 2013
A reduced-order modeling approach to represent subgrid-scale hydrological dynamics for land-surface simulations: application in a polygonal tundra landscape Pau, G. S. H.; Bisht, G.; Riley, W. J. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2091-2014	journal	January 2014
Modeling stomatal conductance in the earth system: linking leaf water-use efficiency and water transport along the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum Bonan, G. B.; Williams, M.; Fisher, R. A. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2193-2014	journal	January 2014
Towards a public, standardized, diagnostic benchmarking system for land surface models Abramowitz, G. Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-5-549-2012	journal	January 2012
Simulation of groundwater and surface water over the continental US using a hyperresolution, integrated hydrologic model Maxwell, R. M.; Condon, L. E.; Kollet, S. J. Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-7317-2014	journal	January 2014
Curvature distribution within hillslopes and catchments and its effect on the hydrological response Bogaart, P. W.; Troch, P. A. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-925-2006	journal	January 2006
Towards integrated environmental models of everywhere: uncertainty, data and modelling as a learning process Beven, K. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-460-2007	journal	January 2007
Sensitivity of the West African hydrological cycle in ORCHIDEE to infiltration processes d'Orgeval, T.; Polcher, J.; de Rosnay, P. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-12-1387-2008	journal	January 2008
An optimality-based model of the coupled soil moisture and root dynamics Schymanski, S. J.; Sivapalan, M.; Roderick, M. L. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-12-913-2008	journal	January 2008
Catchment classification: hydrological analysis of catchment behavior through process-based modeling along a climate gradient Carrillo, G.; Troch, P. A.; Sivapalan, M. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 15, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3411-2011	journal	January 2011
Deriving global flood hazard maps of fluvial floods through a physical model cascade Pappenberger, F.; Dutra, E.; Wetterhall, F. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 16, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4143-2012	journal	January 2012
Discharge simulation in the sub-basins of the Amazon using ORCHIDEE forced by new datasets Guimberteau, M.; Drapeau, G.; Ronchail, J. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-911-2012	journal	January 2012
On an improved sub-regional water resources management representation for integration into earth system models Voisin, N.; Li, H.; Ward, D. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3605-2013	journal	January 2013
One-way coupling of an integrated assessment model and a water resources model: evaluation and implications of future changes over the US Midwest Voisin, N.; Liu, L.; Hejazi, M. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 17, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4555-2013	journal	January 2013
Characterizing coarse-resolution watershed soil moisture heterogeneity using fine-scale simulations Riley, W. J.; Shen, C. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 18, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2463-2014	journal	January 2014
Assimilation of satellite data to optimize large-scale hydrological model parameters: a case study for the SWOT mission Pedinotti, V.; Boone, A.; Ricci, S. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 18, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4485-2014	journal	January 2014
On inclusion of water resource management in Earth system models – Part 1: Problem definition and representation of water demand Nazemi, A.; Wheater, H. S. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-33-2015	journal	January 2015
On inclusion of water resource management in Earth system models – Part 2: Representation of water supply and allocation and opportunities for improved modeling Nazemi, A.; Wheater, H. S. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-63-2015	journal	January 2015
Modelling root water uptake in a complex land surface scheme coupled to a GCM de Rosnay, P.; Polcher, J. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2/3 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2-239-1998	journal	January 1998
How far can we go in distributed hydrological modelling? Beven*, K. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-5-1-2001	journal	January 2001
On an improved sub-regional water resources management representation for integration into earth system models Voisin, N.; Li, H.; Ward, D. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-3501-2013	journal	January 2013
One-way coupling of an integrated assessment model and a water resources model: evaluation and implications of future changes over the US Midwest Voisin, N.; Liu, L.; Hejazi, M. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-6359-2013	journal	January 2013
Resolving terrestrial ecosystem processes along a subgrid topographic gradient for an earth-system model Subin, Z. M.; Milly, P. C. D.; Sulman, B. N. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-8443-2014	journal	January 2014
Sensitivity of the West African hydrological cycle in ORCHIDEE to infiltration processes d'Orgeval, T.; Polcher, J.; de Rosnay, P. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-2251-2008	posted_content	August 2008

Cited By (63)

Open science in practice: Learning integrated modeling of coupled surface-subsurface flow processes from scratch: Reusable Simulation of Hydrologic Models Yu, Xuan; Duffy, Christopher J.; Rousseau, Alain N. Earth and Space Science, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015ea000155	journal	May 2016
Accelerating advances in continental domain hydrologic modeling: ACCELERATING ADVANCES IN CONTINENTAL HYDROLOGIC MODELING Archfield, Stacey A.; Clark, Martyn; Arheimer, Berit Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017498	journal	December 2015
Fifty years of Water Resources Research : Legacy and perspectives for the science of hydrology: FIFTY YEARS OF WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH Montanari, Alberto; Bahr, Jean; Blöschl, Günter Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017998	journal	September 2015
Influences and interactions of inundation, peat, and snow on active layer thickness Atchley, Adam L.; Coon, Ethan T.; Painter, Scott L. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl068550	journal	May 2016
Studying the influence of groundwater representations on land surface-atmosphere feedbacks during the European heat wave in 2003: Groundwater Feedbacks on 2003 Heat Wave Keune, Jessica; Gasper, Fabian; Goergen, Klaus Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025426	journal	November 2016
Improving Budyko curve-based estimates of long-term water partitioning using hydrologic signatures from GRACE: PREDICTING DEPARTURE FROM BUDYKO USING GRACE Fang, Kuai; Shen, Chaopeng; Fisher, Joshua B. Water Resources Research, Vol. 52, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016wr018748	journal	July 2016
Improving the realism of hydrologic model functioning through multivariate parameter estimation: IMPROVING THE REALISM OF HYDROLOGIC MODEL FUNCTIONING Rakovec, O.; Kumar, R.; Attinger, S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 52, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016wr019430	journal	October 2016
Regional patterns of future runoff changes from Earth system models constrained by observation: Future Runoff Change Yang, Hui; Zhou, Feng; Piao, Shilong Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gl073454	journal	June 2017
A Systematic Evaluation of Noah-MP in Simulating Land-Atmosphere Energy, Water, and Carbon Exchanges Over the Continental United States: Noah-MP Evaluation in CONUS Ma, Ning; Niu, Guo-Yue; Xia, Youlong Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd027597	journal	November 2017
A Comparison of the Diel Cycle of Modeled and Measured Latent Heat Flux During the Warm Season in a Colorado Subalpine Forest Burns, Sean P.; Swenson, Sean C.; Wieder, William R. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001248	journal	March 2018
Blue Water Trade‐Offs With Vegetation in a CO ₂ ‐Enriched Climate Mankin, Justin S.; Seager, Richard; Smerdon, Jason E. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/2018gl077051	journal	April 2018
When is a hydrological model sufficiently calibrated to depict flow preferences of riverine species? Kiesel, Jens; Kakouei, Karan; Guse, Björn Ecohydrology, Vol. 13, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2193	journal	April 2020
Integrating geographically isolated wetlands into land management decisions Golden, Heather E.; Creed, Irena F.; Ali, Genevieve Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1504	journal	June 2017
Plant source water apportionment using stable isotopes: A comparison of simple linear, two-compartment mixing model approaches Evaristo, Jaivime; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.; Clemens, John Hydrological Processes, Vol. 31, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11233	journal	July 2017
Moving beyond run-off calibration-Multivariable optimization of a surface-subsurface-atmosphere model Stisen, Simon; Koch, Julian; Sonnenborg, Torben O. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 32, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13177	journal	July 2018
Improvement of surface run‐off in the hydrological model ParFlow by a scale‐consistent river parameterization Schalge, Bernd; Haefliger, Vincent; Kollet, Stefan Hydrological Processes, Vol. 33, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13448	journal	April 2019
Green infrastructure and its catchment-scale effects: an emerging science: Green infrastructure and its catchment-scale effects Golden, Heather E.; Hoghooghi, Nahal Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1254	journal	September 2017
On the Sensitivity of the Precipitation Partitioning Into Evapotranspiration and Runoff in Land Surface Parameterizations Zheng, Hui; Yang, Zong‐Liang; Lin, Peirong Water Resources Research, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017wr022236	journal	January 2019
Exploiting Soil Moisture, Precipitation, and Streamflow Observations to Evaluate Soil Moisture/Runoff Coupling in Land Surface Models Crow, W. T.; Chen, F.; Reichle, R. H. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl077193	journal	May 2018
Impact of Lateral Terrestrial Water Flow on Land‐Atmosphere Interactions in the Heihe River Basin in China: Fully Coupled Modeling and Precipitation Recycling Analysis Zhang, Zhenyu; Arnault, Joël; Wagner, Sven Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd030174	journal	August 2019
Development and Verification of a Numerical Library for Solving Global Terrestrial Multiphysics Problems Bisht, Gautam; Riley, William J. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001560	journal	June 2019
Global Isotope Hydrogeology―Review Jasechko, Scott Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 57, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018rg000627	journal	July 2019
A Transdisciplinary Review of Deep Learning Research and Its Relevance for Water Resources Scientists Shen, Chaopeng Water Resources Research, Vol. 54, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr022643	journal	November 2018
Distributed Plant Hydraulic and Hydrological Modeling to Understand the Susceptibility of Riparian Woodland Trees to Drought‐Induced Mortality Tai, Xiaonan; Mackay, D. Scott; Sperry, John S. Water Resources Research, Vol. 54, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr022801	journal	July 2018
Sensitivity of Global Hydrological Simulations to Groundwater Capillary Flux Parameterizations Koirala, Sujan; Kim, Hyungjun; Hirabayashi, Yukiko Water Resources Research, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr023434	journal	January 2019
Hillslope Hydrology in Global Change Research and Earth System Modeling Fan, Y.; Clark, M.; Lawrence, D. M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 55, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr023903	journal	February 2019
A Comprehensive Distributed Hydrological Modeling Intercomparison to Support Process Representation and Data Collection Strategies Baroni, Gabriele; Schalge, Bernd; Rakovec, Oldrich Water Resources Research, Vol. 55, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr023941	journal	February 2019
Contrasting Hydroclimatic Model‐Data Agreements Over the Nordic‐Arctic Region Bring, A.; Goldenberg, R.; Kalantari, Z. Earth's Future, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019ef001296	journal	December 2019
Representing Intrahillslope Lateral Subsurface Flow in the Community Land Model Swenson, Sean C.; Clark, Martyn; Fan, Ying Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019ms001833	journal	December 2019
Modeling Variably Saturated Flow in Stratified Soils With Explicit Tracking of Wetting Front and Water Table Locations Dai, Yongjiu; Zhang, Shupeng; Yuan, Hua Water Resources Research, Vol. 55, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr025368	journal	October 2019
Improving the Predictive Skill of a Distributed Hydrological Model by Calibration on Spatial Patterns With Multiple Satellite Data Sets Dembélé, Moctar; Hrachowitz, Markus; Savenije, Hubert H. G. Water Resources Research, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr026085	journal	January 2020
The potential to reduce uncertainty in regional runoff projections from climate models Lehner, Flavio; Wood, Andrew W.; Vano, Julie A. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0639-x	journal	November 2019
Climate-induced changes in continental-scale soil macroporosity may intensify water cycle Hirmas, Daniel R.; Giménez, Daniel; Nemes, Attila Nature, Vol. 561, Issue 7721 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0463-x	journal	September 2018
Relative contribution of groundwater to plant transpiration estimated with stable isotopes Barbeta, Adrià; Peñuelas, Josep Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09643-x	journal	September 2017
Prevalence and magnitude of groundwater use by vegetation: a global stable isotope meta-analysis Evaristo, Jaivime; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44110	journal	March 2017
Is land surface processes representation a possible weak link in current Regional Climate Models? Davin, Edouard L.; Maisonnave, Eric; Seneviratne, Sonia I. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074027	journal	July 2016
Towards Real-Time Continental Scale Streamflow Simulation in Continuous and Discrete Space Salas, Fernando R.; Somos-Valenzuela, Marcelo A.; Dugger, Aubrey JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 54, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12586	journal	October 2017
Simulating the sensitivity of evapotranspiration and streamflow to large-scale groundwater depletion Condon, Laura E.; Maxwell, Reed M. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav4574	journal	June 2019
Connections between groundwater flow and transpiration partitioning Maxwell, R. M.; Condon, L. E. Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6297 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7891	journal	July 2016
Global extent of rivers and streams Allen, George H.; Pavelsky, Tamlin M. Science, Vol. 361, Issue 6402 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat0636	journal	June 2018
When is a hydrological model sufficiently calibrated to depict flow preferences of riverine species? Kiesel, Jens; Kakouei, Karan; Guse, Björn Freie Universität Berlin https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-27118	text	January 2020
The TERENO-Rur Hydrological Observatory: A Multiscale Multi-Compartment Research Platform for the Advancement of Hydrological Science Bogena, H. R.; Montzka, C.; Huisman, J. A. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.03.0055	journal	January 2018
Diagnosis of the hydrology of a small Arctic permafrost catchment using HBV conceptual rainfall-runoff model Osuch, Marzena; Wawrzyniak, Tomasz; Nawrot, Adam Hydrology Research, Vol. 50, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.031	journal	January 2019
When is a hydrological model sufficiently calibrated to depict flow preferences of riverine species? Kiesel, Jens; Kakouei, Karan; Guse, Björn FID GEO https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4175	text	January 2020
Watershed Hydrology: Scientific Advances and Environmental Assessments Yu, Xuan; Duffy, Christopher Water, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030288	journal	March 2018
Is land surface processes representation a possible weak link in current Regional Climate Models? Léopold, Davin, Edouard; Eric, Maisonnave,; I., Seneviratne, Sonia ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000118163	text	January 2016
LS3MIP (v1.0) contribution to CMIP6: The Land Surface, Snow and Soil moisture Model Intercomparison Project - Aims, setup and expected outcome Van Den Hurk, Bart; Kim, Hyungjun; Krinner, Gerhard ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000120158	text	January 2016
A Budyko framework for estimating how spatial heterogeneity and lateral moisture redistribution affect average evapotranspiration rates as seen from the atmosphere Rouholahnejad Freund, Elham; Kirchner, James W. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000126791	text	January 2017
Accelerating advances in continental domain hydrologic modeling Archfield, Stacey A.; Clark, Martyn; Arheimer, Berit American Geophysical Union https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-115607	text	January 2015
Coupling a three-dimensional subsurface flow and transport model with a land surface model to simulate stream–aquifer–land interactions (CP v1.0) Bisht, Gautam; Huang, Maoyi; Zhou, Tian Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4539-2017	journal	January 2017
The UKC2 regional coupled environmental prediction system Lewis, Huw W.; Castillo Sanchez, Juan Manuel; Graham, Jennifer Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1-2018	journal	January 2018
Using observed river flow data to improve the hydrological functioning of the JULES land surface model (vn4.3) used for regional coupled modelling in Great Britain (UKC2) Martínez-de la Torre, Alberto; Blyth, Eleanor M.; Weedon, Graham P. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-765-2019	journal	January 2019
LS3MIP (v1.0) contribution to CMIP6: the Land Surface, Snow and Soil moisture Model Intercomparison Project – aims, setup and expected outcome van den Hurk, Bart; Kim, Hyungjun; Krinner, Gerhard Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2809-2016	journal	January 2016
A Budyko framework for estimating how spatial heterogeneity and lateral moisture redistribution affect average evapotranspiration rates as seen from the atmosphere Rouholahnejad, Elham; Kirchner, James W. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-424	posted_content	August 2016
Planning for climate change impacts on hydropower in the Far North Cherry, Jessica E.; Knapp, Corrie; Trainor, Sarah Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-133-2017	journal	January 2017
A Budyko framework for estimating how spatial heterogeneity and lateral moisture redistribution affect average evapotranspiration rates as seen from the atmosphere Rouholahnejad Freund, Elham; Kirchner, James W. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-217-2017	journal	January 2017
The evolution of process-based hydrologic models: historical challenges and the collective quest for physical realism Clark, Martyn P.; Bierkens, Marc F. P.; Samaniego, Luis Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3427-2017	journal	January 2017
Technical note: A hydrological routing scheme for the Ecosystem Demography model (ED2+R) tested in the Tapajós River basin in the Brazilian Amazon Pereira, Fabio F.; Farinosi, Fabio; Arias, Mauricio E. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4629-2017	journal	January 2017
A hydrological prediction system based on the SVS land-surface scheme: efficient calibration of GEM-Hydro for streamflow simulation over the Lake Ontario basin Gaborit, Étienne; Fortin, Vincent; Xu, Xiaoyong Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4825-2017	journal	January 2017
Monthly streamflow forecasting at varying spatial scales in the Rhine basin Schick, Simon; Rössler, Ole; Weingartner, Rolf Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-929-2018	journal	January 2018
Representation and improved parameterization of reservoir operation in hydrological and land-surface models Yassin, Fuad; Razavi, Saman; Elshamy, Mohamed Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 23, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3735-2019	journal	January 2019
Process-level model evaluation: a snow and heat transfer metric Slater, Andrew G.; Lawrence, David M.; Koven, Charles D. The Cryosphere, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-989-2017	journal	January 2017
Monthly streamflow forecasting at varying spatial scales in the Rhine basin Schick, Simon; Rössler, Ole Kristen; Weingartner, Rolf European Geosciences Union EGU https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.110942	text	January 2018

Similar Records

Hillslope Hydrology in Global Change Research and Earth System Modeling

Journal Article · Tue Feb 26 23:00:00 EST 2019 · Water Resources Research · OSTI ID:1523253

Assessment of the ParFlow–CLM CONUS 1.0 integrated hydrologic model: evaluation of hyper-resolution water balance components across the contiguous United States

Journal Article · Mon Nov 29 19:00:00 EST 2021 · Geoscientific Model Development (Online) · OSTI ID:1833114

Opportunities to improve hydrologic data

Journal Article · Sat Oct 31 23:00:00 EST 1992 · Reviews of Geophysics (1985); (United States) · OSTI ID:6335059

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Citation Formats

References (274)

Cited By (63)

Similar Records

Related Subjects