The snowflake divertor

Ryutov, D. D.; Soukhanovskii, V. A.

doi:10.1063/1.4935115

The snowflake divertor

Journal Article · Tue Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935115· OSTI ID:1241977

Ryutov, D. D. ^[1]; Soukhanovskii, V. A. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

The snowflake magnetic configuration is characterized by the presence of two closely spaced poloidal field nulls that create a characteristic hexagonal (reminiscent of a snowflake) separatrix structure. The magnetic field properties and the plasma behaviour in the snowflake are determined by the simultaneous action of both nulls, this generating a lot of interesting physics, as well as providing a chance for improving divertor performance. One of the most interesting effects of the snowflake geometry is the heat flux sharing between multiple divertor channels. The authors summarise experimental results obtained with the snowflake configuration on several tokamaks. Wherever possible, relation to the existing theoretical models is described. Divertor concepts utilizing the properties of a snowflake configuration are briefly discussed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1241977

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1226189
OSTI ID: 22489817

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--669814

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 22; ISSN PHPAEN; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Towards numerical optimization of snowflake topologies Van den Kerkhof, S.; Blommaert, M.; Heumann, H. Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 58, Issue 6-8 https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.201700206	journal	March 2018
A review of radiative detachment studies in tokamak advanced magnetic divertor configurations Soukhanovskii, V. A. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aa6959	journal	April 2017
Design and simulation of the snowflake divertor control for NSTX–U Vail, P. J.; Boyer, M. D.; Welander, A. S. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaf94a	journal	January 2019
Separating the roles of magnetic topology and neutral trapping in modifying the detachment threshold for TCV Fil, A.; Lipschultz, B.; Moulton, D. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 62, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab69bb	journal	January 2020
Developing physics basis for the snowflake divertor in the DIII-D tokamak Soukhanovskii, V. A.; Allen, S. L.; Fenstermacher, M. E. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aaa6de	journal	February 2018
Initial development of the DIII–D snowflake divertor control Kolemen, E.; Vail, P. J.; Makowski, M. A. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aab0d3	journal	April 2018
The effect of the secondary x-point on the scrape-off layer transport in the TCV snowflake minus divertor Maurizio, R.; Tsui, C. K.; Duval, B. P. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aaee1b	journal	December 2018
Performance assessment of long-legged tightly-baffled divertor geometries in the ARC reactor concept Wigram, M. R. K.; LaBombard, B.; Umansky, M. V. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab394f	journal	September 2019
Divertor for a steady-state gas-dynamic trap Kotelnikov, I. A.; Ivanov, A. A.; Yakovlev, D. V. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab4865	journal	October 2019
Plasma Power Recycling at the Divertor Surface Tang, Xian-Zhu; Guo, Zehua Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 71, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.13182/fst16-119	journal	January 2017

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