Simvastatin mitigates increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease following 10&nbsp;Gy total body irradiation

Lenarczyk, Marek; Su, Jidong; Haworth, Steven T.; Komorowski, Richard; Fish, Brian L.; Migrino, Raymond Q.; Harmann, Leanne; Hopewell, John W.; Kronenberg, Amy; Patel, Shailendra; Moulder, John E.; Baker, John E.

doi:10.1002/prp2.145

Simvastatin mitigates increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease following 10 Gy total body irradiation

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.145· OSTI ID:1213431

Lenarczyk, Marek ^[1]; Su, Jidong ^[1]; Haworth, Steven T. ^[1]; Komorowski, Richard ^[1]; Fish, Brian L. ^[1]; Migrino, Raymond Q. ^[2]; Harmann, Leanne ^[1]; Hopewell, John W. ^[3]; Kronenberg, Amy ^[4]; Patel, Shailendra ^[5]; Moulder, John E. ^[1]; Baker, John E. ^[6]

Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States)
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (United States)
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States)

The ability of simvastatin to mitigate the increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease after 10 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) was determined. This radiation dose is relevant to conditioning for stem cell transplantation and threats from radiological terrorism. Male rats received single dose TBI of 10 Gy. Age-matched, sham-irradiated rats served as controls. Lipid profile, heart and liver morphology and cardiac mechanical function were determined for up to 120 days after irradiation. TBI resulted in a sustained increase in total- and LDL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol), and triglycerides. Simvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight/day) administered continuously from 9 days after irradiation mitigated TBI-induced increases in total- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as liver injury. TBI resulted in cellular peri-arterial fibrosis, whereas control hearts had less collagen and fibrosis. Simvastatin mitigated these morphological injuries. TBI resulted in cardiac mechanical dysfunction. Simvastatin mitigated cardiac mechanical dysfunction 20–120 days following TBI. To determine whether simvastatin affects the ability of the heart to withstand stress after TBI, injury from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion was determined in vitro. TBI increased the severity of an induced myocardial infarction at 20 and 80 days after irradiation. Simvastatin mitigated the severity of this myocardial infarction at 20 and 80 days following TBI. It is concluded simvastatin mitigated the increases in risk factors for cardiac disease and the extent of cardiac disease following TBI. This statin may be developed as a medical countermeasure for the mitigation of radiation-induced cardiac disease.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: NIH; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1213431

Journal Information:: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives, Journal Name: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 3; ISSN 2052-1707

Publisher:: British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
blood lipids
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simvastatin
total body irradiation
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Simvastatin mitigates increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease following 10 Gy total body irradiation

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