Sources of black carbon aerosols in South Asia and surrounding regions during the Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, Gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB)

Kumar, R.; Barth, M. C.; Nair, V. S.; Pfister, G. G.; Suresh Babu, S.; Satheesh, S. K.; Moorthy, K. Krishna; Carmichael, G. R.; Lu, Z.; Streets, D. G.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-5415-2015

Sources of black carbon aerosols in South Asia and surrounding regions during the Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, Gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB)

Journal Article · Tue May 19 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5415-2015· OSTI ID:1209237

Kumar, R. ^[1]; Barth, M. C. ^[1]; ^[2]; Pfister, G. G. ^[1]; Suresh Babu, S. ^[2]; Satheesh, S. K. ^[3]; Moorthy, K. Krishna ^[4]; Carmichael, G. R. ^[5]; Lu, Z. ^[6]; Streets, D. G. ^[6]

National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
Vikram Sarabhai Space Center, Thiruvanantpuram (India)
Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore (India). Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic. Sciences
Indian Space Research Organization (HQ), Bangalore (India)
Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (United States). Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research.
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

This study examines differences in the surface black carbon (BC) aerosol loading between the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and the Arabian Sea (AS) and identifies dominant sources of BC in South Asia and surrounding regions during March–May 2006 (Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, Gases and Radiation Budget, ICARB) period. A total of 13 BC tracers are introduced in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry to address these objectives. The model reproduced the temporal and spatial variability of BC distribution observed over the AS and the BoB during the ICARB ship cruise and captured spatial variability at the inland sites. In general, the model underestimates the observed BC mass concentrations. However, the model–observation discrepancy in this study is smaller compared to previous studies. Model results show that ICARB measurements were fairly well representative of the AS and the BoB during the pre-monsoon season. Elevated BC mass concentrations in the BoB are due to 5 times stronger influence of anthropogenic emissions on the BoB compared to the AS. Biomass burning in Burma also affects the BoB much more strongly than the AS. Results show that anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions, respectively, accounted for 60 and 37% of the average ± standard deviation (representing spatial and temporal variability) BC mass concentration (1341 ± 2353 ng m^-3) in South Asia. BC emissions from residential (61%) and industrial (23%) sectors are the major anthropogenic sources, except in the Himalayas where vehicular emissions dominate. We find that regional-scale transport of anthropogenic emissions contributes up to 25% of BC mass concentrations in western and eastern India, suggesting that surface BC mass concentrations cannot be linked directly to the local emissions in different regions of South Asia.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1209237

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1239589

Journal Information:: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online), Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online) Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 15; ISSN 1680-7324

Publisher:: European Geosciences UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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