Dependence of superconductivity in CuxBi2Se3 on quenching conditions

Schneeloch, J. A.; Zhong, R. D.; Xu, Z. J.; Gu, G. D.; Tranquada, J. M.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.91.144506

Dependence of superconductivity in ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ on quenching conditions

Journal Article · Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.144506· OSTI ID:1193223

Schneeloch, J. A. ^[1]; Zhong, R. D. ^[1]; Xu, Z. J. ^[2]; Gu, G. D. ^[2]; Tranquada, J. M. ^[2]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Topological superconductivity, implying gapless protected surface states, has recently been proposed to exist in the compound Cu_xBi₂Se₃. Unfortunately, low diamagnetic shielding fractions and considerable inhomogeneity have been reported in this compound. In an attempt to understand and improve on the finite superconducting volume fractions, we have investigated the effects of various growth and post-annealing conditions. With a melt-growth (MG) method, diamagnetic shielding fractions of up to 56% in Cu₀̣₃Bi₂Se₃ have been obtained, the highest value reported for this method. We investigate the efficacy of various quenching and annealing conditions, finding that quenching from temperatures above 560°C is essential for superconductivity, whereas quenching from lower temperatures or not quenching at all is detrimental. A modified floating zone (FZ) method yielded large single crystals but little superconductivity. Even after annealing and quenching, FZ-grown samples had much less chance of being superconducting than MG-grown samples. Thus, from the low shielding fractions in FZ-grown samples and the quenching dependence, we suggest that a metastable secondary phase having a small volume fraction in most of the samples may be responsible for the superconductivity.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Emergent Superconductivity (CES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1193223

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1210761
OSTI ID: 1178485

Report Number(s):: BNL--108107-2015-JA; KC0201060

Journal Information:: Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, Journal Name: Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics Journal Issue: 14 Vol. 91; ISSN 1098-0121; ISSN PRBMDO

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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