Raman microscopy of lithium-manganese-rich transition metal oxide cathodes

Ruther, Rose E.; Callender, Andrew F.; Zhou, Hui; Martha, Surendra K.; Nanda, Jagjit

doi:10.1149/2.0361501jes

Raman microscopy of lithium-manganese-rich transition metal oxide cathodes

Journal Article · Sat Nov 15 04:00:00 EST 2014 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0361501jes· OSTI ID:1185646

Ruther, Rose E. ^[1]; Callender, Andrew F. ^[2]; Zhou, Hui ^[1]; Martha, Surendra K. ^[3]; Nanda, Jagjit ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Division
Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Indian Inst. of Technology, Telangana (India)

Lithium-rich and manganese-rich (LMR) layered transition metal (TM) oxide composites with general formula xLi₂MnO₃·(1-x)LiMO₂ (M = Ni, Co, Mn) are promising cathode candidates for high energy density lithium ion batteries. Lithium-manganese-rich TM oxides crystallize as a nanocomposite layered phase whose structure further evolves with electrochemical cycling. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to monitor the crystal chemistry and correlate phase changes with electrochemical behavior. While several groups have reported Raman spectra of lithium rich TM oxides, the data show considerable variability in terms of both the vibrational features observed and their interpretation. In this paper, Raman microscopy is used to investigate lithium-rich and manganese-rich TM cathodes as a function of voltage and electrochemical cycling at various temperatures. No growth of a spinel phase is observed within the cycling conditions. However, analysis of the Raman spectra does indicate the structure of LMR-NMC deviates significantly from an ideal layered phase. Finally, the results also highlight the importance of using low laser power and large sample sizes to obtain consistent data sets.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V). Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1185646

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 162; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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