The development and evolution of residual stresses in HSLA-100 steel welds
- and others
In order to successfully control the detrimental effects of residual stress formation as a result of welding, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the factors controlling residual stress development. This work was established to examine weld residual stress development. This work was established to examine weld residual stresses in High Strength-Low Alloy Steels (HSLA)-100 steel. The objective of this work was to characterize weld residual stresses in HSLA-100 steel gas-metal-arc weldments. Single-pass, gas-metal-arc, bead-on-plate welds were examined using x-ray diffraction techniques to determine the effects of welding related parameters, (preheat, heat input, thickness, and restraint). In addition, a 3/4 in. thick, multipass weldment was prepared and examined by neutron diffraction and x-ray diffraction techniques. Surface measurements of this weldment were made using the neutron diffraction analysis technique. The bead-on-plate welds generally developed stresses in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction which were highly tensile at the toe of the weld, to near zero stress at a distance of 1/2-in. from the fusion line. The multipass weldment resulted in high tensile stresses in the baseplate similar trends to that described for the bead-on-plate welds, in that high tensile stresses generally existed near the fusion line and heat-affected zone, while progressing toward zero stress at 1/2-in. from the fusion line. In this case, the highest stresses were represented by the direction parallel to the welding direction. It is concluded from this work that the stress state within a multipass weld is continually changing throughout the entire fabrication procedure. The new knowledge of how this pattern changes provides improved explanations for changing distortion and cracking tendencies.
- OSTI ID:
- 115452
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9404233--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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