Persistent genetic damage in blood and bone marrow cells following radioiodine therapy

Journal Article · Wed Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1995 · Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis

OSTI ID:115132

Livingston, G K; Schumfann, B L ^[1]; Bigbee, W L ^[2]

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1. Univ. of Cincinnati, OH (United States)
2. Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States); and others

Patients treated with medical isotopes provide opportunity for prospective study of radiation effects induced by internally-deposited radionuclides. We analyzed serial blood samples of a thyroid cancer patient treated with {sup 131}I for changes in micronuclei (MN) and chromosome aberrations (CA) in lymphocytes and glycophorin A (GPA) locus mutations in erythrocytes. Initial treatment (48 mCi) induced a 6-fold increase in MN frequency (from 6 to 36/1000). Dose response studies of the patient`s lymphocytes X-irradiated in vitro before diagnosis of cancer showed the increase corresponds to an in vivo blood dose of 11.4 cGy compared to an NCRP red marrow dose estimate of 9.6 cGy (0.2 cGy/mCi {sup 131}I). A second treatment (390 mCi), given 26 months after the first, further increased the MN frequency to 17-fold over background (101/1000). Analysis of 80 MN for kinetochores using the CREST anti-kinetochore antibody showed that 90% contained acentric chromosomal fragments. Analysis of 100 G-banded metaphases revealed 20 with structural CAs including rings, deletions, translocations and a dicentric. The frequency of GPA allele-loss variant erythrocytes increased from 11.4 to 10.8 and 17.8 x 10{sup {minus}6} in samples obtained at 2, 4 and 6 months, respectively, after the second treatment. This response is consistent with radiation-induced GPA mutations in long-lived erythroid marrow stem cells as previously reported for A-bomb survivors. The induced frequency of GPA variant cells corresponds to a red marrow dose of 60 cGy based on the persistent linear dose response of 25 x 10{sup {minus}6} per Gy from previous studies. We conclude that exposure to {sup 131}I induces persistent genetic damage and that these biodosimetric methods are useful in reconstructing radiation doses in exposed individuals.

• OSTI ID: 115132
• Report Number(s): CONF-9503160--; CNN: Grant CA48429; Grant R01-OHO3276
• Journal Information: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, Journal Name: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis Journal Issue: Suppl.25 Vol. 25; ISSN 0893-6692; ISSN EMMUEG
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

56 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
APPLIED STUDIES
BLOOD CELLS
BONE MARROW CELLS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS
IODINE 131
RADIATION DOSES