Calculating Individual Resources Variability and Uncertainty Factors Based on Their Contributions to the Overall System Balancing Needs

Journal Article · Tue Jan 14 04:00:00 EST 2014 · IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5(1):323-331

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2013.2283712· OSTI ID:1123232

Makarov, Yuri V.; Du, Pengwei; Pai, M. A.; McManus, Bart

The variability and uncertainty of wind power production requires increased flexibility in power systems, or more operational reserves to main a satisfactory level of reliability. The incremental increase in reserve requirement caused by wind power is often studied separately from the effects of loads. Accordingly, the cost in procuring reserves is allocated based on this simplification rather than a fair and transparent calculation of the different resources’ contribution to the reserve requirement. This work proposes a new allocation mechanism for intermittency and variability of resources regardless of their type. It is based on a new formula, called grid balancing metric (GBM). The proposed GBM has several distinct features: 1) it is directly linked to the control performance standard (CPS) scores and interconnection frequency performance, 2) it provides scientifically defined allocation factors for individual resources, 3) the sum of allocation factors within any group of resources is equal to the groups’ collective allocation factor (linearity), and 4) it distinguishes helpers and harmers. The paper illustrates and provides results of the new approach based on actual transmission system operator (TSO) data.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1123232
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-94995
• Journal Information: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5(1):323-331, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5(1):323-331
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English