High-Energy Permanent Magnets for Hybrid Vehicles and Alternative Energy Uses

Technical Report · Tue Dec 17 04:00:00 EST 2013

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1110789· OSTI ID:1110789

Hadjipanayis, George C. ^[1]; McCallum, William R. ^[2]; Sellmyer, David J. ^[3]; Harris, Vincent ^[4]; Carpenter, Everett E. ^[5]; Liu, Jinfang ^[6]

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1. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States); University of Delaware
2. Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
3. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)
4. Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA (United States)
5. Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA (United States)
6. Electron Energy Corporation, Landisville, PA (United States)

The report summarizes research undertaken by a multidisciplinary team aimed at the development of the next generation high-energy permanent magnets. The principal approach was relied on bottom-up fabrication of anisotropic nanocomposite magnets. Our efforts resulted in further development of the theoretical concept and fabrication principles for the nanocomposites and in synthesis of a range of rare-earth-based hard magnetic nanoparticles. Even though we did not make a breakthrough in the assembly of these hard magnetic particles with separately prepared Fe(Co) nanoparticles and did not obtain a compact nanocomposite magnet, our performed research will help to direct the future efforts, in particular, towards nano-assembly via coating, when the two phases which made the nanocomposite are first organized in core-shell-structured particles. Two other approaches were to synthesize (discover) new materials for the traditional singe-material magnets and the nanocomposite magnets. Integrated theoretical and experimental efforts lead to a significant advance in nanocluster synthesis technique and yielded novel rare-earth-free nanostructured and nanocomposite materials. Examination of fifteen R-Fe-X alloy systems (R = rare earth), which have not been explored earlier due to various synthesis difficulties reveal several new ferromagnetic compounds. The research has made major progress in bottom-up manufacturing of rare-earth-containing nanocomposite magnets with superior energy density and open new directions in development of higher-energy-density magnets that do not contain rare earths. The advance in the scientific knowledge and technology made in the course of the project has been reported in 50 peer-reviewed journal articles and numerous presentations at scientific meetings.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
• DOE Contract Number: AR0000046
• OSTI ID: 1110789
• Report Number(s): DOE-DELAWARE--0000046
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
High-energy ball-milling
Magnetic nanoparticles
Mechanochemical synthesis
Micromagnetic simulation
Monte-Carlo simulation
Nanocomposite magnets
Permanent magnets
Polyol synthesis
Surface functionalization
Ternary phase equilibria