Phosphorous pentasulfide as a novel additive for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2012 · Advanced Functional Materials

OSTI ID:1092192

Lin, Zhan ^[1]; Liu, Zengcai ^[1]; Fu, Wujun ^[1]; Dudney, Nancy J ^[1]; Liang, Chengdu ^[1]

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1. ORNL

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries suffer from rapid capacity decay and low energy efficiency because of the low solubility of lithium sulfide (Li2S) in organic solvents and the intrinsic polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. Here, we report a novel additive of phosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) in organic electrolyte to boost the cycling performance of Li-S batteries. The function of the additive is two-fold: (1) P2S5 promotes the dissolution of Li2S and alleviates the loss of capacity caused by the precipitation of Li2S; and (2) P2S5 passivates the surface of lithium metal and therefore eliminates the polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. A Li-S test cell demonstrates high reversible capacity of 900-1350 mAh g-1 and high coulombic efficiency of 90% for 40 stable cycles at 0.1 C.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• DOE Contract Number: DE-AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 1092192
• Journal Information: Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 8
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English