Pre-conceptual Design of a Rapid Cycling Medical Synchrotron

Technical Report · Wed Oct 27 04:00:00 EDT 1999

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1061602· OSTI ID:1061602

Favale, A. ^[1]; Myers, T. ^[1]; Rathke, J. ^[1]; Sredniawski, J. ^[1]; Todd, A. ^[1]; Barton, D. ^[2]; Brennan, M. ^[2]; Diaz, A. Z. ^[2]; Lowenstein, D. ^[2]; Luccio, A. ^[2]; Peggs, S. ^[2]; Pendzick, A. ^[2]; Phillips, D. ^[2]; Pile, P. ^[2]; Roser, T. ^[2]; Sandberg, J. ^[2]; Tepikian, S. ^[2]; Tuozzolo, J. ^[2]; Weng, B. ^[2]; Zhang, S. Y. ^[2] ; Ludewigt, B. ^[3]

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1. Advanced Energy Systems (AES), Medford, NY (United States)
2. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

The Rapid Cycling Medical Synchrotron (RCMS) delivers more than 3 1012 protons per minute at a maximum extraction energy of 270 MeV, with single turn \fast extraction" at a repetition rate of 15 Hz. Upgrade paths are available to deliver substantially more protons per minute, to increase the extraction energy to 320 MeV, and to enable \slow extraction". The main advantages for proton therapy are: • easy pulse-by-pulse adjustment of energy and intensity, • less beam on more frequent cycles in digital dose delivery, • upgradability: wobbling, scanning, proton radiography, • identical simple light magnets in both synchrotron and gantry, and • easy installation and maintenance with small modular components. Three key design choices account for these advantages - fast extraction, rapid cycling, and strong focussing. At all levels the underlying design goals are: • reliability, simplicity, and modularity, and • early and economic patient treatment In its initial configuration the RCMS delivers fast extracted beam into a double scattering system at the end of a fixed beamline, or at the end of a gantry. The energy of the extracted beam is easily adjusted to any desired value between 70 MeV and 270 MeV. Three dimensional voxel scanning is also best performed using fast extraction. Nonetheless, the RCMS can easily be upgraded to include slow extraction capabilities, if this is deemed necessary for scanning or for other purposes. Less beam is accelerated per cycle in a rapid cycling sycnchrotron, making the accelerator performance more reliable, the design simpler, and the commissioning more rapid. Fast extraction and rapid cycling together make possible dose delivery with digital accuracy. Strong focusing is achieved by building the synchrotron from "FODO cell" modules containing dipole (bending) magnets, and quadrupole (focusing) magnets. Each dipole is short, permitting a rectangular design with a small cross section that is easy to construct. The dipole is light in weight, and economical in operation. The same dipole and quadrupole magnets are used in the fixed beamlines and gantries. The planar gantry design is simple and light, with flexible FODO cell matched achromatic optics.

• Research Organization: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Contributing Organization: The AES/BNL Collaboration
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-98CH10886
• OSTI ID: 1061602
• Report Number(s): BNL--99161-2013-IR; C-A/AP/6; KB0202011
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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